鸡东金场沟铜钼、金矿化区控矿条件与找矿方向

经对黑龙江鸡东金场沟矿区地层条件、构造条件和次火山侵入岩条件的分析, 指出环形构造控制着与成矿有关的次火山侵入岩和角砾岩筒的分布, 角砾岩筒构造控制着铜钼矿体的产出。区内银金矿的形成与石英闪长岩有关, 而铜钼矿的成矿作用与花岗斑岩有关。在控矿条件分析的基础上建立了本区的铜钼多金属成矿模式, 指出了找矿方向。     

龙头山金矿构造控矿作用及找矿方向

龙头山金矿的主要矿体受火山机构构造、断裂构造和雏形断裂构造三种成矿构造控制。火山机构构造控制了产于火山与围岩的接触带部位的火山岩型金矿,该类金矿以Ⅸ号矿体最为典型,表现为矿体围绕火山机构引起的塌陷式断裂产出,矿体的形态和品位变化受火山机构构造发育程度的影响;断裂构造控制了产于泥盆系砂岩中的断裂裂隙充填型金矿,以Ⅰ号矿体最为典型,表现为矿体沿NW向断裂分布,其产状与断裂一致,向SE方向侧伏明显;雏形断裂控制了矿区南部含金富矿体的就位,表现为矿区花岗斑岩南部的富矿体沿近EW向断续展布。矿体的形成与定位都离不开这三种控矿构造,因此在靠近火山机构一定范围内,向SE方向的深部及在已知富矿体的东西两侧具有较好的找矿前景。     

华北地台北缘三种有潜力的金矿及其找矿方向

华北地台北缘是我国一个巨型金成矿带。成矿作用主要受控于前寒武纪的结晶基底、区域性的深大断裂带和火山-岩浆活动。海西晚期-燕山期的构造岩浆活动是本区的最重要控矿因素。与构造岩浆活动有关的金矿类型,尤其是其中的特殊类型和新类型,具有巨大的找矿潜力。以下三种分布广泛、类型特殊、工作程度不足的金矿床会在将来的勘查工作中有更多的发现:1.浅成低温热液型金矿床(与花岗斑岩有关);2.斑岩型金矿床,矿体赋存于花岗斑岩和花岗质侵入岩中;3.与碱性岩有关的金矿床。     

黑山金矿地质特征及找矿标志

黑山金矿位于精河县托托河中游，地表圈定6条金矿体．矿体赋存于花岗斑岩体内接触带的破碎蚀变带中．矿床类型为断控脉状造山型，局部石英脉含Au较高．总结了金矿找矿标志。     

基于斑岩成矿体系结构的深部找矿预测——以鄂东丰山铜金矿田为例

深部找矿预测已成为当前成矿学和成矿预测学的科学前沿和研究重点.近年来,在丰山矿田找矿研究中,不但发现了卡林型金矿和一些新的找矿线索,而且还取得一些对矿田成矿的新认识.这些新发现和新认识,为建立完善的斑岩成矿体系三维准实体模型和深部找矿预测提供了新的机遇和条件.矿田包括夕卡岩型铜金矿、斑岩型铜钼矿、热液脉型多金属(金)矿和卡林型金矿等矿床类型,它们常与燕山期花岗闪长斑岩相伴,是在同一成矿系统中形成的斑岩成矿系列,松弛化的推覆构造控制矿田成岩成矿作用.矿田斑岩成矿体系结构在矿床类型等方面具有明显的分带性,利用这种分带性,优选找矿靶区和找矿方法,确定找矿靶位,经工程验证于深部发现铜金工业矿体.     

哀牢山成矿带南段长安金矿控矿因素及其找矿指示意义

云南金平县长安金矿是哀牢山金矿带南段新近发现的一个大型金矿床,之前受勘查及开发程度的限制,对长安金矿的控矿因素认识不够全面,一直存在较多的争议。本文通过对最新资料的分析和野外地质调查,对长安金矿的控矿因素及成矿作用得出了一些新的认识:1)矿区地层倒转是由逆冲断层所致,志留系白云岩是主要含矿岩层;2)F6断裂破碎带是主要控矿断裂构造;3)金成矿作用存在三个阶段,主成矿期在喜马拉雅期之前;4)区内出露的喜马拉雅期煌斑岩、正长斑岩对金矿体产生切穿和破坏作用的同时亦发生了金的叠加富集作用,构成了"二次成矿"阶段。本次研究结合地球物理成果分析,推断长安金矿深部(500m以下)还存在隐伏金矿体,具有良好的找矿前景。     

冀北北岔沟门银多金属矿的控矿因素

北岔沟门银多金属矿是上世纪末发现的大型矿床,近几年随着地质大调查项目的实施,又发现了新的银矿体及铅锌矿体,找矿潜力很大.该矿具有构造-岩浆双重控矿作用,其中构造控矿又可分为断裂构造控矿、火山机构控矿和不整合面控矿三种形式,岩浆控矿可分为斑岩体控矿和次火山岩体控矿两种形式.构造是最主要的控矿因素,不同的控矿因素形成不同类型的矿体.总结了各类型矿体的地质、地球物理及地球化学特征.     

激电法在辽宁柏杖子金矿勘查中的作用及意义

辽宁柏杖子金矿床是冀东金矿带大型金矿之一,金矿化类型为含金黄铁矿石英细脉浸染型和含金黄铁矿石英脉型,大部分金矿矿体是隐伏矿体,矿体与围岩电性差异明显,矿床普查阶段开展了电阻率中梯测量、激电中梯测量和激电测深工作。矿体具有低阻高极化特点,异常带与矿区主构造和花岗斑岩吻合一致,因此由以往围绕北西向小矿体找矿,改变为沿矿区主构造和花岗斑岩寻找隐伏矿体,根据电法异常布设钻孔,取得了显著找矿效果。     

广西平南县新坪金矿成矿规律及找矿预测

新坪金矿地处广西大瑶山成矿带的东部,是桂东南地区一个较为典型的构造破碎蚀变岩型金矿。调查发现：矿区内金矿体(金矿化)主要赋存于寒武系黄洞口组中,部分金矿体(金矿化)赋存于花岗斑岩与寒武系硅化砂岩接触破碎带以及花岗斑岩体内,近EW向、NE向的次生断裂和裂隙是主要的容矿构造,而金矿化强度与硅化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化关系密切。根据新坪金矿的矿床地质特征、成矿规律和化探异常进行综合分析,圈定了矿区内2个成矿远景区及6个找矿靶区。     

滇西北北衙斑岩型金多金属矿床万硐山矿段构造控岩控矿作用机制

滇西北北衙金多金属矿床是西南"三江"多金属成矿带新生代斑岩型矿床的典型代表,是近些年来取得找矿突破的超大型金多金属矿床。运用矿田地质力学的理论和方法,通过大比例尺构造剖面精测,进行典型控岩控矿构造力学性质的鉴定,分析构造对斑岩成岩和成矿作用的控制机制。认为北衙金多金属矿床万硐山矿段自燕山晚期–喜马拉雅早期以来主要经历了近EW向→近SN向→近EW向三期构造主压应力的转变,形成了典型的褶皱–断裂–节理控岩控矿构造系统。构造控岩控矿过程为:燕山晚期–喜马拉雅早期,在近EW向主压应力作用下,形成北衙矿区控岩控矿构造格架,为斑岩侵位和成矿作用发生提供了有利的成岩成矿构造环境,并伴有石英钠长斑岩的侵位;喜马拉雅中期,主压应力方向转变为近SN向,伴随构造活动发生石英正长斑岩的超浅成侵位和成岩作用,并发生斑岩型金成矿作用,在层间断裂破碎带、断裂带及节理构造内形成带状、"似层状"和脉状金矿体,在岩体内形成斑岩型浸染状金矿体,在斑岩与围岩接触带形成矽卡岩型金矿体;喜马拉雅晚期,本区再次经受近EW向挤压作用,主要对先期形成的斑岩和金矿体产生变形、变位,并造成风化剥蚀,成矿作用主要表现为氧化淋滤富集型金矿的形成。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Global repeating events in the history of the Earth and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy

Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.