跨世纪工程——新一轮国土资源大调查启动

开展新一轮国土资源大调查是落实国务院赋予国土资源部职能的重大举措,是提高资源对国民经济可持续发展保证程度的需要,是推动地学科学技术发展的需要。开展新一轮国土资源大调查是在过去几十年工作的基础上开展的,是在继承基础上的创新,在实施过程中要重视对已有资料的二次开发,同时还要解放思想,尽可能地利用当代最新的科学技术解决新的问题。实施新一轮国土资源大调查涉及范围广、项目多、参     

山东省国土资源调查研究重点

国土资源是人类生存和发展的基本条件。新一轮国土资源大调查是为国民经济发展和社会服务的综合性调查。山东省开展国土资源调查研究的重点是对基础地质、矿产资源、土地资源、农业地质、地质环境进行系统的调查评价和科学规划,为当前国民经济和社会发展提供资源保障和环境保护,为可持续发展服务。     

坚持资源调查与环境评价并举开展好新一轮国土资源大调查

新一轮国土资源大调查是依据新的形势要求开展的一项重要工作。建国以来,经过广大地矿、土地、海洋、测绘工作者的艰苦奋斗,我国国土资源调查评价工作取得了长足进展,在推     

地质学在土地资源调查评价中的应用

今年是新一轮国土资源大调查的启动年。其中的土地资源调查评价,要开展耕地后备资源和土地变更调查及重点区土地利用动态监测,开展农用地分等定级示范工程,进行城镇土地定级、城镇土地基准地价试点工作,初步建立我     

开展国土资源大调查为首都经济作贡献

1999年是新一轮国土资源大调查的启动年。中国地质调查局准备启动长江经济带综合调查,开展首都经济圈地下水资源、环境地质调查评价,进行黄河经济带、东部沿海地区、东北经济区和青藏高原综合调查,实     

2000年国土资源大调查地质调查项目立项指南

总　　则根据国土资源部及政府有关部门关于编制国土资源大调查2000年计划的要求,为规范2000年地质调查项目的立项工作,特制定“2000年国土资源大调查地质调查项目立项指南”。一、编制依据“2000年国土资源大调查地质调查项目立项指南”编制的依据是新一轮国土资源大调查...     

开拓北京城市地质环境调查的新思路

目前,国土资源部中国地质调查局已经批准了《首都地区国土资源与环境调查计划》,拉开了北京地区新一轮国土资源大调查的序幕,是为“首都经济”和城市建设规划的可持续发展战略实施的一     

对江苏新一轮国土资源大调查地质调查工作的认识

江苏新一轮国土资源大调查地质调查工作概要立足省内,又要面向中西部,省内地质调查应侧重全国性长期争议的基础地质问题,国际前沿的热点地质问题,海洋地质,江苏优势矿产的资源潜力评价、水文地质和环境地质问题,加强与西部地质高校单位的横向联合,跨地区联合组队申报项目,为实施西部大开发战略作贡献。     

区域地质调查凸显基础支撑与先行作用

国土资源部网站消息1999年,经图务院批准,国土资源部组织开展了新一轮国土资源大调查工作,下设“一项计划,五项工程”。即：基础调查计划,土地资源监测调查工程、     

关于山东实施新一轮国土资源大调查的思考

新一轮国土资源大调查是一项跨世纪工程,具有“新”和“大”的特点,其实施措施要求做到前瞻性的可操作性。本文结合山东地质条件和已有工作程度,指出山东省实施新一轮国土资源大调查的工作重点应包括：（１）积极完全全省１：２５万地质－生态填图,利用ＧＩＳ建成信息网络为社会服务、创建示范区;（２）紧密配合全省１：２５万基础调查,圈定一批待开发改造的耕地和提出建议事理的土地基础;（３）开展以“金、金刚石和非金属庆     

Future copper resources

Concerns about future supplies of raw materials demand careful examination of underlying assumptions and data. Flawed deposit information, ignored undiscovered resources and questionable assumptions about future consumption require a new look at copper resources.A careful compilation of 1978 copper-bearing mineral deposits totals 2700 million metric tons of copper including past production—considerably more than reported in previous studies. About 69% of the copper is in porphyry copper deposits and 12% in sediment-hosted copper, Magmatic sulfide (mostly intrusive Ni) deposits account for 5.1%, and IOGC adds about 4.7%. VMS deposits represent 45% of the 1978 deposits but only 4.9% of the copper.The largest 20% of the deposits account for over 92% of the total copper metal. In other words, total Cu content in the smaller 1600 deposits is only about 8% of all Cu known in all deposits. This is a consequence of highly skewed frequency distributions of deposit tonnages and contained metals in all kinds of mineral deposits. This relationship is critical if one is concerned about long-term supply of copper. Typically, distributions of contained metal can be modeled well by the lognormal distribution for individual types of deposits.Information used here and in many other studies on copper includes past production. Total past production through 2015 is about 667 million tons Cu. After subtracting past production from the total copper in known deposits, the remaining unproduced copper from known deposits is 2030 million tons. Known deposits inform us about undiscovered copper resources.Over 80% of known copper is in porphyry copper and sediment-hosted copper deposits. A reliable and robust USGS managed global assessment of 225 tracts for porphyry Cu and sediment-hosted Cu produced an expected value estimate of 3500 million tons Cu in undiscovered deposits. Deposit types not assessed such as IOGC are likely to have significant amounts of undiscovered copper. If the proportion of total Cu accounted for by the two major deposit types assessed is the same proportion in all undiscovered deposits, total Cu expected in these other deposit types would add an additional 850 million tons. The reasonable estimate of copper in undiscovered mineral deposits of 4350 million tons when added to the unmined 2030 million tons in known deposits provides an estimate of 6380 million of tons Cu, which far exceeds estimates published by other researchers.Growth in copper production appears to be exponential over time but appears to be linear with respect to population. Demand for copper is not driven by time, but rather by population and per capita income. Rates of population increases are slowing and incomes in many countries are increasing. Per capita consumption of copper will increase over the coming years as populous nations such as China and India develop increasing per capita incomes, but the demand will likely level off as their economies improve. The large estimated copper resources along with evidence of slowing demand for copper over the long term considerably extend the time of “peak copper” and the long mine life of large deposits means the decline in production after will not be rapid. The focus of copper supply concerns should be on important problems such as improving recovery rates, careful consideration of the benefits and costs of mining very large deposits, technologies to increase exploration success in covered areas and reducing costs of underground mining.     

Marine mineral resources

Oceanic manganese nodules, for long the cornucopia of sea floor mineral deposits, have lost much of their economic attractiveness in recent years as a result of depressed metal prices and difficulties surrounding their potential extraction under the Law of the Sea Convention. In their place, commerical interest in mineral deposits within Exclusive Economic Zones has increased, while the scientific world is enamoured with the black smokers discharging at mid–ocean ridges and the polymetallic sulphides that precipitate from them.     

Water resources in Nigeria

With the limited data available, the components of the hydrologic cycle of which Nigeria's water resources form a part cannot be adequately quantified. However, some assessment of the water “reserves” of the surface and underground water sources indicate that there are large supplies that can be developed in Nigeria. The exploitation of Nigeria's water resources is in an early stage. Despite the progress that has been made in water supply development since the first waterworks in Nigeria was commissioned in Lagos in 1915, many Nigerians still have no access to a modern water supply. Water shortages exist periodically in almost every major town and are present in many rural areas of the country much of each year. New water laws are needed, as is the definition of the powers of the different water authorities, viz., the Federal Ministry of Water Resources, the River Basin Authorities, and the States' Water Boards. The goals of the water policy must be to make available enough good quality water for domestic uses and to exploit enough water for the use of rapidly growing industries and the year-round needs of agriculture, thereby lessening the adverse effect of the dry season.     

Land resources in Indonesia

Under such qualitative aspects of land resources, it must be stated that the agricultural production potential of Indonesia has to be seen in the light of a larger regional cooperation, which means between Indonesia, Philippines and Singapore and even Australia, especially since the cash economy spreads rather quickly in present-day Indonesia. Transmigration, once a political must, in future will be governed more than in the past by costs and benefits. Land resources near Java. therefore, will be opened up first. Land resources in the swamps can be compared with oil in Canadian sands: once the price of land rises, this resource also will have to be tapped more and more.     

中国铀矿资源成矿地质特征与资源潜力分析

铀资源是我国重要的战略资源和能源矿产,为摸清其资源潜力,科学规划资源勘探、开发与利用,铀矿与其他25个重要矿种一同开展了全国性的资源潜力评价工作。在项目开展过程中,通过对中国铀矿资源特征、铀矿床类型（成因类型和预测类型）、时空分布研究,总结了中国铀矿的成矿规律。评估工作全面梳理了中国铀资源勘查成果与最近铀矿勘查工作进展,总结了中国铀矿时空分布特征及规律,划分了29个铀成矿区带和20个铀成矿远景区带;建立了4大类9类21亚类铀矿床类型划分方案,划分了50个铀矿预测类型;采用矿床模型综合地质信息法完成了共49个铀成矿（远景）区带的资源潜力评价工作;并对各区带潜力评价成果进行了全面的统计与分析。上述研究成果综合分析、评价了我国铀资源潜力,为未来的铀矿找矿工作和核能发展规划提供了依据。     

基于投入产出理论的水资源研究进展及水资源管理展望

近年来,气候变化背景下的水资源问题得到日益增加的关注,其研究从水资源短缺、供需平衡等内容转向适应可持续发展的综合研究。基于投入产出理论的水资源研究,从系统循环的角度分析资源的流动性和持续性,能够揭示水资源-经济社会复合系统中各要素的内在数量关系,提出面向可持续发展的水资源价值观和方法论。首先,从模型拓展和实际应用两条主线梳理了国内外基于投入产出理论的水资源相关研究。在模型方面,概括了投入占用产出模型、水资源投入产出模型和区域间投入产出模型的发展和适用性,对比分析了不同区域间投入产出模型的优缺点。在应用方面,分别从不同时空尺度、驱动力因素等方面对虚拟水、水足迹和水资源优化配置三个热点内容进行了整理,并指出：基于投入产出理论的水资源研究基本建立在价值型模型的基础上;区域间投入产出模型已成为分析区域间经济结构、资源流动等环境问题的重要工具。其次,讨论了投入产出模型在冰冻圈水资源管理中的应用,提出基于服务角度的水资源管理模式。最后,展望了投入产出理论在水资源研究中的应用,以期能够为决策者提供额外的信息以便更好的管理水资源。     

中国非常规铀资源

中国非常规铀资源主要包含黑色岩系型和盐湖型。其中与黑色岩系有关的含铀黑色岩系型、含铀磷块岩型、铀多金属磷块岩型是对中远期保障我国铀资源可持续供给有重要意义的类型。陆缘裂谷、陆缘裂陷环境是中国黑色岩系非常规铀资源最重要、最有利的成矿环境,形成U-Cd型、U-V-Mo型、U-V-Re型、U-V-Ni-Mo型和U-V-Ni-Mo-Re-Tl型等地球化学组合。中国黑色岩系非常规铀资源铀成矿作用受控于陆缘裂谷、陆缘裂陷环境下伴随海底喷流作用和海底火山喷发而沉积的由热水沉积硅质岩、硅质磷块岩和碳硅泥岩组成的富铀海相黑色岩系,热水沉积作用或喷气-沉积是形成中国黑色岩系非常规铀资源或发生大规模铀成矿作用的成矿机制。