北山盆地群侏罗——白垩系生储盖特征及油气远景

北山地区在前寒武纪变质岩及古生代浅变质岩、火山岩基底之上发育了一系列中——新生代沉积盆地,盆内沉积了厚度较大的侏罗——白垩系,发育侏罗系和下白垩统两套生储盖组合。侏罗系组合在中口子盆地、公婆泉盆地和扎格高脑盆地发育较好,是本区寻找侏罗系油气藏的有利地区。下白垩统组合在中口子盆地、公婆泉盆地、扎格高脑盆地和黑鹰山盆地发育较好,但埋藏浅,缺乏区域性盖层,其石油地质条件不如侏罗系组合。油气勘探实践表明,该区含油气远景取决于油气保存条件和区域盖层的发育情况。     

Carbonate turbidite sequences deposited in rift-basins of the Jurassic Tethys Ocean (eastern Alps, Switzerland)

Syn-rift sediments in basins formed along the future southern continental margin of the Jurassic Tethys ocean, comprise, in the eastern Alps of Switzerland, up to 500 m thick carbonate turbidite sequences interbedded with bioturbated marls and limestones. In the fault-bounded troughs no submarine fans developed; in contrast, the fault scarps acted as a line source and the asymmetric geometry as well as the evolution of the basin determined the distribution of redeposited carbonates. The most abundant redeposits are bio- and lithoclastic grainstones and packstones, with sedimentary structures indicating a wide range of transport mechanisms from grain flow to high- and low-density turbidity currents. Huge chaotic megabreccias record catastrophic depositional events. Their main detrital components are Upper Triassic shallow-water carbonates and skeletal debris from nearby submarine highs. After an event of extensional tectonism, sedimentary prisms accumulated in the basins along the faults. Each prism is wedge-shaped with a horizontal upper boundary and consists of a thinning- and fining-upward megacycle. Within each megacycle six facies associations are distinguished. At the base of the fault scarp, an association of breccias was first deposited by submarine rockfall and rockfall avalanches. A narrow, approximately 4000 m wide depression along the fault was subsequently filled by the megabreccia association, in which huge megabreccias interfinger with thin-bedded turbidites and hemipelagic limestones. The thick-bedded turbidite association covered the megabreccias or formed, farther basinward, the base of the sedimentary column. Within the thick-bedded turbidites, thinning- and fining-upward cycles are common. The overlying thin-bedded turbidite association shows nearly no cyclicity and the monotonous sequence of fine-grained calciturbidites covers most of the basin area. With continuous filling and diminishing sediment supply, a basin-plain association developed comprising fine-grained and thin-bedded turbidites intercalated with bioturbated marls and limestones. On the gentle slopes opposite the fault escarpment, redeposited beds are scarce and marl/limestone alternations as well as weakly nodular limestones prevail.     

Bilelyeri Group, Antalya Complex: deposition on a Mesozoic passive continental margin, south-west Turkey

The Bilelyeri Group comprises complexly deformed Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of continental-margin affinities (Kumluca Zone). These are structurally intercalated between a coeval carbonate platform to the west (Bey Daǧlari Zone) and late Triassic ophiolitic rocks and sediments, interpreted as emplaced marginal oceanic crust, to the east (Gödene Zone). Four formations erected in the Bilelyeri Group record the later stages of continental rifting and the progressive development of part of a Mesozoic passive continental margin. The two late Triassic formations, the Telekta? Tepe and the Hatipalani Formations, are dominated by terrigenous clastic and calcareous clastic sediments, including large detached blocks of reef limestone. These rocks were laid down by mostly mass-flow and turbidity-flow into steep-sided rift depressions. Organic reefs were constructed in bordering shallow seas while terrigenous clastic sediment was shed from exposed basement horsts. Thick sequences of mafic lavas were extruded (Norian) in axial parts of the rift zones, followed by a regional change to deposition of pelagic Halobia-bearing limestone. This culminated in a major hiatus involving large-scale sliding of shallow-water limestones into deeper water. The Jurassic to early Cretaceous Dereköy Formation mostly consists of siltstones, radiolarian cherts and mudstones, intercalated with redeposited limestones and black shales. During this time parts of the margin were bordered by major offshore carbonate complexes constructed partly on basement fragments previously rifted off the parent continental areas. Black shales and reduced hemipelagic sediments were deposited in an elongate trough between the main platform and an offshore complex to the east. Some degree of margin reactivation in the early Cretaceous is indicated by renewed deposition of turbiditic sandstone and chloritic clays in some distal sequences. Strong relative enrichment of manganese in some horizons is attributed to offshore volcanic exhalations. Subsequent regional subsidence in the mid-to late Cretaceous is suggested by a switch to predominantly calcareous, pelagic sedimentation on the adjacent platform and the offshore massifs as well as on the Bilelyeri margin. Tectonic disruption of the platform edge during the late Cretaceous is implied by major redeposition of shallow-water shelf limestones in proximal Bilelyeri sequences. The Bilelyeri margin and the adjacent Gödene Zone were tectonically deformed in latest Cretaceous to early Tertiary time and were thrust over the adjacent Bey Daǧlari platform in the early Miocene. Viewed in an East Mediterranean perspective, the Bilelyeri sequences were part of a locally north-south trending segment of a regionally east-west margin to a substantial oceanic area further south. This segment apparently suffered significant strike-slip deformation both during its construction and its later emplacement. Instructive comparisons can be made with other areas of the East Mediterranean, especially south-west Cyprus.     

Volcanic rocks of the Khabarovsk accretionary complex,southern Far East Russia

The results of study of the volcanic rocks of the Khabarovsk accretionary complex, a fragment of the Jurassic accretionary prism of the Sikhote Alin orogenic belt (the southern part of the Russian Far East), are presented. The volcanic rocks are associated with the Lower Permian limestones in the mélange blocks and Triassic layered cherts. The petrography, petrochemistry, and geochemistry of the rocks are characterized and their geodynamic formation conditions are deduced. The volcanic rocks include oceanic plume basalts of two types: (i) OIB-like intraplate basalts formed on the oceanic islands and guyots in the Permian and Triassic and (ii) T(transitional)-MORBs (the least enriched basalts of the E-MORB type) formed on the midoceanic ridge in the Permian. In addition to basalts, the mélange hosts suprasubduction dacitic tuff lavas.     

西藏沙丁、荣布地区三叠系—老第三系沉积地质特征

研究区从三叠纪到老第三纪,发育的岩石地层主要有确哈拉群（Ｔ３）、希湖群（Ｊ１－２）、拉贡塘组（Ｊ２－３）、多尼组（Ｋ１）、竟柱山组（Ｋ２）和牛堡组（Ｅ２－３）。在沉积相上,经历了从深水沉积到浅水直至陆相沉积的演变,发育有冲积扇、河流、湖泊、三角洲（潮汐）、障壁海岸、浅海、深海和火山碎屑流沉积。古地理分析表明,研究区晚三叠世古地理轮廓是一个从东南向西北和东北方向由浅水碳酸盐台地及深水陆层海底扇沉积共同发育的沉积盆地;早中侏罗世,演变成为一个由深水砂质浊积岩和细屑浊积岩组成的水下席状体沉积;进入中晚侏罗世,其古地理表现为一个陆屑浅海有障壁海岸;到了晚白垩世,研究区表现为以含煤沉积为特征的三角洲相沉积。     

冀北金台子盆地早白垩世酸性火山岩地球化学、锆石年代学及其地质意义

华北克拉通在中生代以来遭受了显著破坏。前人的研究对克拉通破坏的机制和峰期取得了较大共识, 但是关于克拉通破坏的启动时间一直存在争议。本文通过对冀北金台子中生代盆地构造特征及其填充的火山岩地球化学和年代学进行分析, 为华北克拉通破坏启动时间提供新的约束。研究表明, 金台子盆地为一伸展断陷盆地。盆地呈北东-南西向展布, 东侧被正断层控制, 西侧为地层超覆边界。盆地内自下而上发育后城组、白旗组、啕北营组、九佛堂组火山-沉积组合。后城组是一套稳定的河流相红色砂砾岩沉积地层;白旗组和啕北营组主体为巨厚层流纹岩、流纹质凝灰熔岩, 局部夹安山岩和火山碎屑岩;九佛堂组是一套以砾岩、砂砾岩等为主体的碎屑岩。地球化学分析表明金台子盆地中发育的酸性火山岩源于地壳重熔。锆石U-Pb年代学研究显示, 金台子盆地内流纹岩自约145 Ma开始广泛喷发并形成巨厚层的酸性火山岩地层, 表明此时在华北北缘地区的岩石圈减薄和破坏可能就已非常剧烈, 据此华北克拉通在其北缘的破坏至少应早于145 Ma。     

Discovery of the Late Triassic (Middle Carnian–Rhaetian) radiolarians in the volcano-sedimentary sequences of the Kocali Complex,SE Turkey: Correlation with the other Tauride units

The Kocali Complex in SE Turkey includes pelagic sediments (pelagic limestones, cherts, etc.), basic volcanic rocks of oceanic crust origin together with platform-derived sediments. Its depositional age was previously assigned as Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. In order to study the radiolarian contents of volcano-sedimentary sequences in this complex, six stratigraphic sections have been measured mainly at the NE and NW Adiyaman city.Radiolarian faunas from these stratigraphic sections reveal that the age of these sequences ranges from middle Carnian to Rhaetian. Based on these data, the depositional age of the complex is older than the previously assigned. Lithological characteristics (widespread Triassic basic volcanic rocks associated with pelagic sediments) and radiolarian contents of these sequences have close similarities with the sequences of the Alakircay Nappe of the Antalya Nappes in western and central Taurides.Based on taxonomic studies, 99 taxa have been determined of which one genus (Adiyamanium) and four species (Monocapnuchosphaera kocaliensis, Paronaella speciosa, Ferresium okuyucui and Adiyamanium crassum) are described as new.     

An autochthonous geological model for the eastern Andes of Ecuador

We describe a traverse across the Cordillera Real and sub-Andean Zone of Ecuador, poorly known areas with very little detailed mapping and very little age control. The spine of the Cordillera comprises deeply eroded Triassic and Jurassic plutons, the roots of a major arc, emplaced into probable Palaeozoic pelites and metamorphosed volcanic rocks. The W flank comprises a Jurassic (?) submarine basaltic–andesitic volcanic sequence, which grades up into mixed Jurassic/Cretaceous volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Inter-Andean Valley. The sub-Andean Zone, on the E flank of the Cordillera, comprises a newly recognized Cretaceous basin of cleaved mudrocks, quartz arenites and limestones. East of the syndepositional Cosanga Fault, the Cretaceous basin thins into a condensed sequence that is indistinguishable from the rocks of the adjacent hydrocarbon-bearing Oriente Basin. The principal penetrative deformation of the Cordillera Real was probably latest Cretaceous/Palaeocene. It telescoped the magmatic belts, but shortening was largely partitioned into the pelites between plutons. The plutons suffered inhomogenous deformation; some portions completely escaped tectonism. The pelites conserve two foliations. The earliest comprises slaty cleavage formed under low- or sub-greenschist conditions. The later is a strong schistosity defined by new mica growth. It largely transposed and obliterated the first. Both foliations may have developed during a single progressive deformation. We find inappropriate recent terrane models for the Cordillera Real and sub-Andean Zone of Ecuador. Instead we find remarkable similarities from one side of the Cordillera to the other, including a common structural history. In place of sutures, we find mostly intrusive contacts between major plutons and pelites. Triassic to Cretaceous events occurred on the autochthonous western edge of the Archaean Guyana Shield. The latest Cretaceous–Paleocene deformation is interpreted as the progressive collision of an oceanic terrane(s) with the South American continent. Young fault movements have subsequently juxtaposed different structural levels through the Cordillera Real orogen.     

内蒙古二连盆地洪浩尔舒特凹陷白垩系火山岩储集层

内蒙古二连盆地火山岩分布极为广泛,在古生界（含变质岩） 及中生界的侏罗系和白垩系均有分 布。位于盆地内乌尼特坳陷的洪浩尔舒特凹陷发育有３套火山岩,主要分布在白垩系阿尔善组上段、阿尔善组 下段和腾格尔组一段,火山岩主要为安山岩,次为凝灰岩和少量火山角砾岩。火山岩储集空间类型主要为气孔 和火山灰溶孔,孔缝组合类型有孔隙型、裂缝-孔隙型、孔隙-裂缝型和裂缝型。储集层物性受火山岩岩相、 成岩作用和构造活动影响,以岩相影响最显著。储集层发育总体上中央洼槽中部和东部较好。     

海拉尔盆地火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

海拉尔盆地位于大兴安岭西侧,盆内存在多套火山-沉积岩组合.通过对海拉尔盆地Chu8井等4处火山岩样品进行的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,探讨了海拉尔盆地火山岩的形成时代和构造背景,为盆内和邻区地层对比以及大兴安岭地区构造演化提供了依据.研究区4个火山岩样品的锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,显示出典型的岩浆生长环带,结合其高的Th/U比值(0.22~1.50),说明其属于岩浆成因.测年结果表明,海拉尔盆地布达特群确实存在时代为晚三叠世-早侏罗世(214.4±4.3 Ma)的火山岩,结合前人研究,可将盆内火山作用划分为4期:分别为中-晚石炭世基底岩浆岩(320~290 Ma);晚三叠世-早侏罗世早期布特达特群火山碎屑岩组(224~197 Ma);晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期塔木兰沟组(152~138 Ma);早白垩世晚期铜钵庙组(128~117 Ma).大兴安岭地区各期岩浆作用的地球化学特征、时空分布特征以及盆地地震剖面特征表明,中-晚石炭世基底岩浆岩(320~290 Ma)是额尔古纳-兴安地块和松嫩地块碰撞造山后的伸展背景下形成的;晚三叠世-早侏罗世早期火山岩(224~197 Ma)是古亚洲洋闭合后的伸展背景下形成的,该期火山岩的发现说明古亚洲洋构造域对大兴安岭地区的影响至少延续到早侏罗世早期(197 Ma),而该区域蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的俯冲碰撞最早可能开始于早侏罗世以后;晚侏罗世-早白垩世早期(152~138 Ma)和早白垩世晚期(128~117 Ma)火山岩的形成均与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋碰撞闭合后的伸展作用有关.盆内部分火山岩样品中存在古元古代-新元古代捕获的锆石,这表明额尔古纳地块和兴安地块很可能存在着元古代结晶基底.      

西藏措勤盆地中侏罗世—早白垩世沉积充填特征

位于班公湖 怒江缝合带与雅鲁藏布江缝合带之间的措勤盆地,在中侏罗世—早白垩世期间具有以且坎古昌 阿索裂谷带为沉积、沉降中心向南北两侧展开的古地理格局:①中晚侏罗世时期,裂谷带内由深水浊积岩、放射虫硅质岩和浅水碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩岩片及基性—超基性岩等组成;裂谷带两侧由滨浅海相碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成。该期盆地古地理演化具有先变深后变浅的沉积序列。②早白垩世早中期,裂谷带内仍由基性—超基性岩、深水复理石碎屑岩及放射虫硅质岩和浅水碳酸盐岩及碎屑岩组成;裂谷带两侧的日松革吉它日错分区主要由浅海相碎屑岩和灰岩组成;盆地南北部的措勤 申扎分区和木嘎岗日分区主要由滨岸 三角洲相碎屑岩及火山岩组成。各相带在纵向上均具有向上变深沉积序列。③早白垩世晚期,盆地以台地相碳酸盐岩沉积为主,裂谷带附近以发育台地边缘礁滩相沉积;裂谷带两侧的日松 革吉 它日错分区主要由开阔台地相灰岩组成;盆地南北部的措勤 申扎分区和木嘎岗日分区由局限台地相灰岩和陆源进积碎屑岩组成。     

Geochronological framework of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Great Xing’an Range,NE China,and their geodynamic implications

Mesozoic volcanic rocks are widespread throughout the Great Xing’an Range, NE China. However, precise data constraining the exact eruption ages are limited, especially for those from the southern Great Xing’an Range, which severely hampers our understanding of the petrogenesis and geodynamics of these rocks. In this paper, we report precise in situ LA-ICPMS zircon U–Pb age measurements for these volcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks in the southern Great Xing’an Range were divided into four units from bottom to top, namely, the Manketouebo, Manitu, Baiyingaolao and Meiletu formations. The previous studies suggested that these volcanic rocks were mainly formed in the Late Jurassic. Our data demonstrate that the Manketouebo formation erupted during Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous time, whereas the other formations are all of Cretaceous age. The southern Great Xing’an Range age dataset, along with recently obtained precise ages for volcanic rocks from the northern Great Xing’an Range indicate that Mesozoic volcanism throughout the Great Xing’an Range commenced in Late Jurassic, but peaked during the Cretaceous. They formed under an extensional tectonic setting which resulted from closure of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean and subsequent orogenic collapse. The globally elevated mantle temperature in Cretaceous may provided thermal contributions to the generation of the volcanisms.     

Volcanic ash layers in the Upper Cretaceous of the Central Apennines and a numerical age for the early Campanian

At Montagna della Maiella and at Gola del Furlo (central Apennines) two discrete layers of bentonic clay are intercalated within the pelagic (Furlo) and turbiditic/pelagic limestones (Maiella) of the Upper Cretaceous basinal succession of the Umbrian basin (Scaglia facies). The bentonite layers are dated by planktonic foraminifera to the Globotruncanita elevata zone, early Campanian, and by calcareous nannofossils to the Aspidolithus parcus zone (CC 18); they fall into the reversed interval of chron 33. Detailed correlation shows the layers to be of exactly the same age. The upper layer is dated by U/Pb on magmatic zircons to 81.67±0.21 Ma, an age compatible with the Cretaceous time-scale of Obradovich. The mineralogy of the bentonitic clays is almost pure montmorillonite and contrasts sharply with the clay mineral assemblage of the enclosing pelagic and turbiditic limestones, which is dominated by soil-derived smectite and illite in different proportions. The bentonite seams are interpreted as the submarine alteration products of wind-borne volcanic ashes. They can be followed with only minor changes in thickness over 200 km and must be derived from distant volcanic sources and related to extreme volcanic events. A possible source area is present in the Dinarides where Upper Cretaceous subduction-related magmatic rocks are widespread.     

藏南江孜盆地晚侏罗至早白垩世重力流沉积

西藏南部江孜盆地的沙拉岗矿区发育一套晚侏罗至早白垩世的碎屑流、滑动流与浊流等重力流沉积,主要由斜坡相碎屑岩夹硅质岩和灰岩构成。在这个斜坡背景中出现了上斜坡相,下斜坡相与海底扇相等3种类型的岩相组合。其中,上斜坡以各种规模的滑动沉积为特色,下斜坡以不同性质的碎屑流沉积为特征。海底扇具有完整的内扇、中扇与外扇组合,可划分出进积型和退积型两种序列类型,它们多半是由浊流形成的各种砂体组成的。     

满洲里地区灵泉盆地中生代火山岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

本文对满洲里地区灵泉盆地中生代火山岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,以便对其岩石成因和区域构造演化给予制约。研究区内9个代表性火山岩中的锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,显示出典型的岩浆生长环带或条痕状吸收,结合其高的Th/U比值(0.25~7.78),暗示其岩浆成因。测年结果表明,研究区中生代火山岩可分为3期,分别以中侏罗世(约166Ma)塔木兰沟组玄武岩类、早白垩世早期(约142Ma)吉祥峰组流纹岩类和早白垩世晚期(约125Ma)上库力组流纹岩类和伊列克得组玄武岩类为代表。中侏罗世(塔木兰沟组)火山岩具有富碱、高钾和高的La/Yb、La/Nb、Hf/Sm、Nb/U和Ce/Pb比值,以及富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)、轻稀土元素(LREEs)和亏损Nb等特征,暗示其形成应与陆壳加厚之后的岩石圈伸展作用有关;早白垩世早期(吉祥峰组)火山岩具有高硅、富碱、富K、Rb、Th及低Al、Mg、Ca、Ni、Cr、Ti等特点,类似于A型流纹岩,揭示其形成于陆内伸展环境;早白垩世晚期火山岩具双峰式组合特点,基性端元具有富碱、高钾、高度富集LILEs和LREEs,类似于钾玄质玄武岩,而酸性端元显示A型流纹岩特点,揭示该期火山岩应形成于一种与裂谷发育过程相似的强烈引张环境。结合区域中生代火山岩的空间展布特征,认为中-晚侏罗世和早白垩世早期火山岩的形成应与蒙古-鄂霍茨克缝合带的演化有关,而早白垩世晚期双峰式火山岩的形成应与太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲作用相联系。     

西藏甲马铜多金属矿区上侏罗统—白垩系层序地层与成矿

位于西藏冈底斯带的甲马弧内盆地中堆积了一套岛弧背景的活动大陆边缘沉积物，主要由滨、浅海相碎屑岩和海绵礁灰岩构成。在上侏罗统至白垩系中，基于Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类层序界面及其他关键界面性质的确定，识别出7个三级层序，其中1个Ⅰ类层序和6个Ⅱ类层序，建立了矿区晚侏罗世至白垩纪层序地层年代格架。并初步探讨了层序地层与成矿作用的耦合关系，研究表明高水位体系域中所发育的相对厚的海绵礁灰岩是成矿最佳场所。     

额尔古纳地区有色、贵金属成矿特征

额尔古纳地区是一个重要的有色、贵金属成矿省.区内金、银、铅、锌、铜等矿产具明显分带性,可划分为耳布尔、上护林及恩和3个成矿小区,分别以银铅锌、铜多金属、金为主.该区在J₃-K₁时期发生了强烈的构造-岩浆活动,这些矿产在成因上均与J₃-K₁时期酸性岩浆侵入作用密切相关,成矿热液主要来源于岩浆热液.矿体主要受次级张性裂隙控制,以NW向为主.成矿时代主要为J₃-K₁.     

大兴安岭北部地区晚侏罗世-早白垩世地层划分有关问题的讨论

根据地层分布、岩石组合、古生物特征，对近几年在大兴安岭北部地区完成的区域地质调查图幅中存在的晚侏罗世一早白垩世火山岩地层划分混乱的问题进行了整理、提出了新的划分意见：将光华组修订为大兴安岭北部含Eosestheria动物群的大套酸性火山岩，时代为早白垩世；含有Nestoria动物群的大套酸性火山岩为上侏罗统白音高老组；两大套酸性火山岩之间超覆于其他老地层之上的含Eosestheria动物群的中酸性火山岩为下白垩统龙江组；龙江组底部的不整合是该区侏罗系与白垩系的界线。     

内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦地区张家口组首次发现的碱性火山岩及其地质意义

笔者首次在张家口组火山沉积地层中发现了碱性火山岩。在最近成果整理过程中又补做了一些矿物学的测试工作，较详细地研究了该套碱性火山岩的碱性矿物组合特征，其中碱性矿物有：霞石（？）、霓石、霓辉石、镁钠闪石、钠长石、透长石及歪长石等。该套碱性火山岩的发现不但丰富了张家口组火山岩的岩石类型，而且深刻地影响着该区大地构造环境的研究，可能反映了大陆裂谷构造背景。     

The change from rifting to thrusting in the Northern Calcareous Alps as recorded in Jurassic sediments

Facies analysis, fossil dating, and the study of the metamorphism in the Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous sedimentary successions in the central part of the Northern Calcareous Alps allow to reconstruct the tectonic evolution in the area between the South Penninic Ocean in the northwest and the Tethys Ocean with the Hallstatt Zone in the southeast. The Triassic as well as the Early and Middle Jurassic sediments were deposited in a rifted, transtensive continental margin setting. Around the Middle/Late Jurassic boundary two trenches in front of advancing nappes formed in sequence in the central part of the Northern Calcareous Alps. The southern trench (Late Callovian to Early Oxfordian) accumulated a thick succession of gravitatively redeposited sediments derived from the sedimentary sequences of the accreted Triassic–Liassic Hallstatt Zone deposited on the outer shelf and the margin of the Late Triassic carbonate platform. During a previous stage these sediments derived from sequences deposited on the more distal shelf (Salzberg facies zone of Hallstatt unit, Meliaticum), and in a later stage from more proximal parts (Zlambach facies zone of Hallstatt unit, Late Triassic reef belt). Low temperature–high pressure metamorphism of some Hallstatt limestones before redeposition is explained by the closure of parts of the Tethys Ocean in Middle to Late Jurassic times and associated subduction. In the northern trench (Late Oxfordian to Kimmeridgian) several hundred meters of sediment accumulated including redeposited material from a nearby topographic rise. This rise is interpreted as an advancing nappe front as a result of the subduction process. The sedimentary sealing by Tithonian sediments, documented by uniform deep-water sedimentation (Oberalm Formation), gives an upper time constraint for the tectonic events. In contrast to current models, which propose an extensional regime for the central and eastern Northern Calcareous Alps in the Late Jurassic, we propose a geodynamic model with a compressional regime related to the Kimmerian orogeny.