Tectonic ore-controlling in the middlesouthern segment of Da Hinggan Ling, Northeast China

1INTRODUCTION THEMIDDLE SOUTHERNSEGMENTOFDAHINGGANLING ISONEOFTHEIMPORTANTORE CONCENTRATEDAREASOFCHI NA.INRECENTYEARSGREATSTRIDESHAVEBEENMADEIN THEORETICALGEOLOGICALRESEARCHANDGEOLOGICALEXPLOITA TION(SHAOJI’ANETAL.,1998,1999;ZHANGLUQIAOET AL.,1998;XIAOCH…     

新的构造控矿类型——螺旋构造控矿

概括天宝山新兴角砾岩筒铅锌矿,山东七宝火山岩型金矿,安徽铜陵凤凰山铜矿,辽宁簸箕山磷矿,辽宁清源红透山铜(锌)矿等构造控矿实例的解读,表明它们可建立一种新的构造控矿类型——螺旋构造控矿。受幔团螺旋运动上冲的地幔热柱多级浸演化的幔枝构造制约。     

幔枝构造外围主拆离带型金矿特征——以尖宝山金矿为例

幔枝构造是地幔热柱多级演化的第三级构造单元 ,其核部变质—岩浆杂岩隆起与外围盖层之间的主拆离带体系是很好的成矿控矿构造。尖宝山金矿是冀东幔枝构造北侧主拆离带型金矿。目前勘探范围主要是铲状断裂控制的矿体。具有矿体较连续、延伸较稳定的特征 ,有中大型成矿远景。     

Metallogenic characteristics of the region of Northwest Hebei and analysis of ore prospecting potential in its peripheries

The region of Northwest Hebei is an area where Au-Ag polymetallic ore depsits are concentrated in Hebei Province. There were divided the Au ore-concentrated region with the magmatic-metamorphic diamictite zone as the center and the perpheral cover-strata zone and Ag-polymetallic metallogenic zone along the line of Xuanhua-Songli-Chicheng. Research on mantle branch structure indicates that Au-Ag polymetallic ore-forming materials come mainly from the deep interior of the Earth. The ore-forming materials tend to migrate upwards through the multi-stage evolution of mantle plume, and are concentrated as ores in the favourable tectonic expansion zone of a mantle branch structure. As viewed in plane, from the center to the periphery and as viewed in space, from the lower part to the upper part there exists Au-Ag-Pb-Zn zonation, as evidenced by drilling data from a number of mines. So, there is still great potential for ore prospecting in the region of Northwest Hebei.     

地幔热柱多级演化及其幔枝构造成矿控矿——以胶西北郭家店幔枝构造为例

文章简要介绍了幔枝构造成矿理论,探讨了幔枝构造的特征、单元划分、断裂构造体系以及成矿控矿作用。在燕山运动晚期,华北东部地区进入了以伸展构造为主的地幔热柱演化阶段,在胶西北地区形成了莱阳地幔亚热柱及其外围郭家店、栖蓬、牟乳等幔枝构造。其中,郭家店幔枝构造于燕山运动晚期发生强烈的构造活动,总体形成了以焦家断裂为主的拆离带和与其相交的以三山岛断裂为反向铲状断裂的构造体系,同时控制着玲珑、焦家、三山岛等一系列大型—超大型矿床的形成。在众多成矿控矿因素中,区域性断裂构造是重要的主导性因素,既为成矿流体的运移提供了通道,又为成矿储矿提供了有利空间。深源含矿流体可通过地幔热柱→地幔亚热柱→幔枝构造→有利构造扩容带,即脆韧性-韧脆性剪切带、侵入岩体的内外接触带、密集的构造裂隙带、各种脉岩与围岩的接触带等有利构造部位集聚成矿。近年来在胶西北深部勘查发现,浅部沿断裂展布的若干个大—中型金矿在其深部的成矿蚀变构造带可能是连为一体的,一起组合成为超大型金矿。      

冀东金厂峪金矿深部和外围找矿预测

金厂峪金矿是冀东地区开采历史超过半个世纪的大型金矿山,且近年来新增地质储量不断上升,受到地质学家的广泛关注。本文从幔枝构造成矿控矿作用的视角,简述了矿床地质特征,侧重讨论了成矿物质来源,认为成矿流体源于深部,通过地幔热柱多级演化向上迁移,在有利的构造扩容带中集聚成矿,进而在介绍近年来新的找矿进展基础上,探讨了构造的成矿控矿作用,进一步指出了深部和外围找矿方向。     

Temporal-spatial distribution and ore-forming material source of gold,copper and silver polymetallic ore deposits in the Fuping mantle structure zone

This study was conducted following research on metallogenesis in the Zhangjiajie-Xuanhua and East Hebei mantle branch structure zones. The Fuping mantle branch structure zone is one where Au, Cu and Ag polymetallic ore resources are concentrated in North Hebei. However, there has existed a long-standing controversy on the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources and their ore-forming material sources. In terms of age dating and the comprehensive analysis of S, Pb, O, C and Si isotopes, it is considered that the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources in this mantle branch structure zone is obviously controlled by the Fuping mantle branch structure. In space there is developed such a metallogenic pattern as to be Ag, Pb and Zn polymetallic ore deposits with gold appearing inside and copper appearing outside. Metallogenesis is dated mainly at Yanshanian, the ore-forming mate-rials were derived predominantly from the deep interior of the Earth, and ore-forming fluids were derived largely from Yanshanian magmatism.     

太行山北段阜平幔枝构造成矿作用研究

阜平幔枝构造北东倾伏端 ,是轴部乌龙沟 -上黄旗韧脆性剪切带与外围主拆离滑脱带的交汇部位 ,断裂构造发育 ,岩浆活动强烈 ,成矿控矿有利 ,矿床类型多样。笔者以上明峪主拆离滑脱带型金矿、镰巴岭上盘盖层裂隙型铜铅锌矿和支家地上叠断陷盆地中次火山岩裂隙型银矿为例 ,讨论了幔枝构造外围主拆离滑脱带、上盘盖层密集裂隙带和上叠断陷盆地次火山岩构造的成矿控矿作用 ,总结成矿规律 ,归纳成矿模式。     

鲁西幔枝构造及其控矿特征

内容摘要: 从区域地层(岩体)中老外新分布,环状、放射状断裂的展布,轴部缓倾拆离滑脱构造的发育,幔源岩浆活动以及区域岩石学、岩石化学、同位素地质学等方面,探讨了鲁西幔枝构造特征。研究认为鲁西地区北西向陡倾韧性剪切带切割了深部华北地幔亚热柱向外拆离的地幔岩,导致其减压释荷形成深熔岩浆,强烈而完整的岩浆演化序列表现出岩浆基性程度由高变低、侵入深度由深变浅、围岩蚀变由强变弱的总体演化趋势。幔枝构造演化对内生成矿作用具有明显的控制作用,并带动围岩一起隆升,形成了典型的鲁西幔枝构造。其顶部发育的拆离掀斜断块,使部分内生矿产被抬升到浅部。     

Characteristics of mantle branch structure in western Shandong and its roles in minerogenesis and ore-controlling

1 The rise of the problem The region of western Shandong has been attracting more and more attention of geologists because of its unique geological features and abundant mineral resources, and it has been well geologically documented (Lin Jingqian et al.…     

冀东峪耳崖金矿成矿控矿构造研究

峪耳崖金矿是冀东幔枝构造外国主折离带上盘盖层中,受反向铲状断层和次级折离带共同控制的典型金矿。突出表现为复合构造控制燕山花岗质岩体呈塔状展布,而次级折离带的持续折离滑脱使成岩后的岩床状花岗岩产生一系列缓倾裂隙,并成为主成矿期的主要储矿构造扩容带。文中探讨了冀东是区地质演化过程,分析了区域成矿构造特征,总结了成矿作用机理,归纳了成矿模式。认为深部找矿仍有较大远景。     

福建德化——永泰巨型环状火山构造成因探析

在浙闽粤中生代火山喷发带中段的德化-永泰巨型环状火山构造,主要由晚侏罗世-白垩世火山岩和侵入岩等组成,具有幔枝构造的岩浆-变质岩系、盖层拆离滑脱上叠构造断陷-火山盆地等基本特征,其形成和海陆过渡带中的地幔柱之幔枝构造有关。     

Helium-argon isotopic tracing for the Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposits in the central-south segment of the Da Hinggan Ling Range

In recent years big strides have been made in the exploration of ores in the central-south segment of the Da Hinggan Ling Range, though some debates still exist on the metallogenesis and sources of ore-forming materials. Pyrite and other sulfides in direct relation to the Pb-Zn-Ag ore deposits were chosen for the He and Ar isotopic analysis of ore-forming fluids, and the first He and Ar isotope data have been obtained from the study region. ^3He/^4He ratios in 14 samples collected from 7 mining districts are 2.17×10^-6-12.52×10^-6, averaging 6.86×10^-6 and their R/Ra ratios are 1.56-9.01 Ra, averaging 4.37 Ra. By projecting the data points onto the ^3He-^4He concentrations diagram, all the points fall near the mantle helium area. The calculated mantle-source helium ratios are within the range of 19.58%-76.96%, with an average of 49.52%. Argon isotopic characteristics are close to those of mantle source, indicating that the ore-forming material was transport upwards via the multi-stage evolution of mantle plume and concentrated as ores in the favorable loci of mantle branch structures.     

鲁西地区地质构造特征及其形成机制

根据区域地层(体)中部老外部新的环状分布，断裂构造的环状、放射状展布，核部缓倾拆离滑脱构造的发育特点，幔源岩浆活动以及区域岩石学、岩石化学、同位素地质学等方面的研究，探讨了鲁西幔枝构造特征及其形成机制。研究认为鲁西地区北西向陡倾韧性剪切带切割了深部华北地幔亚热柱向外拆离的地幔岩，导致其减压释荷形成深熔岩浆。岩浆演化序列表现出岩浆基性程度由高变低、侵入深度由深变浅、围岩蚀变由强变弱的总体演化趋势。由于强烈的岩浆上侵使得变质基底隆升、盖层拆离滑脱，形成典型的鲁西幔枝构造，在顶部则发育一系列明显的拆离掀斜断块。     

大兴安岭白音诺尔铅锌矿控矿构造研究与找矿预测

成矿物质来源及控矿因素是矿床学研究的前沿课题。过去人们认为成矿物质主要源于含矿围岩的萃取。因此,找矿重点是寻找矿源层。但是,更多的事实表明,成矿物质主要来自深源,通过地幔热柱多级演化迁移至地壳,并在幔枝构造较好的控矿构造空间聚集成矿。本文探讨了大兴安岭中南段的成矿作用,总结了该区的主要控矿构造,指出了不同级别构造对成矿的控制作用,并预测了不同级别的成矿靶区。     

冀西石湖金矿成矿物质来源及成矿作用探讨

石湖金矿101、116矿脉深部延伸稳定,品位有所提高,产状变化不大,南于深部探矿进展较好,而使其成为太行山中段大型金矿.石湖金矿的矿脉明显受断裂构造控制,总体属岩浆期后热液石英脉-断裂构造蚀变岩型矿床.本文采用幔枝构造新视角开展研究,通过对地质背景研究及铅、硫、硅、碳、氢、氧同位素的分析表明:石湖金矿成矿物质主要来源于地球深部,成矿溶液主要为岩浆水,混有部分大气水.进而探讨了其成矿作用,建立了成矿模式,提出了具体找矿建议.     

地幔热柱多级演化及其成矿控矿研究:以张-宣幔枝构造研究为例

张-宣地区是河北省金银多金属矿床集中区,可划分出以宣化-崇礼-赤城-带岩浆-变质杂岩区为中心的金矿集中区和外围盖层区的银多金属矿分布区.近年研究表明,金银多金属成矿物质主要来自地球深部,通过地幔热柱多级演化向上迁移,并在幔枝构造的有利构造扩容带中集聚成矿.分别以幔枝构造核部的东坪金矿、拆离带的黄土梁金矿和外围断陷盆地中...     

内蒙古大井铜锡多金属矿成矿物质来源及成矿作用探讨

大井铜锡多金属矿以矿床规模大、伴生元素多、矿脉展布窄而密集、品位较高而著称。但是,矿区范围勘探并没有发现燕山期岩体,矿床成因众说纷纭。笔者从幔枝构造视角研究认为,矿区位于大兴安岭幔枝构造核部,地幔热柱多级演化沟通了深部含矿流体,并沿途萃取部分成矿物质,在有利的成矿构造裂隙中集聚成矿。而成矿控矿裂隙的方向性则与成矿阶段区域构造应力场密切相关。至于在矿区内部的Sn、Cu、Au、Ag、Pb、Zn成矿元素的分带性,应与成矿作用及成矿物质结晶温度有关,结晶温压条件较高的Sn、Cu、Au等元素矿化多位于矿区中部,而结晶温压条件较低的Ag、Pb、Zn等元素矿化则多位于矿区的外围。     

河淮地幔亚热柱的演化及其对华北地区成矿的控制作用

本文依据华北地台东部的地球物理测深资料、火山－岩浆活动、沉积建造特征及构造演化历史，提出河滩地区是中生代以来强烈隆升的地幔亚热柱。亚热柱的强烈上升使岩石圈下部发生热减薄，上地壳发生裂陷，新生界堆积厚达５－９ｋｍ。岩石圈热减薄仅至６０－８０ｋｍ。金、银等成矿元素除部分来自赋矿围岩之外，其主要部分来自地核，并以气态随地幔热柱向上运移，当其进入亚热柱阶段时，部分转变为液态．呈气－液混合相随亚热柱运移，当伞状外展亚热柱被造山带陡倾韧性剪切带切割时，气－液相全、银随深熔岩浆或沿韧性剪切带向上迁移，并在幔枝（变质核杂岩）构造的有利扩容带富集成矿。     

华北东部盆山耦合与内生成矿作用

盆-山耦合关系是当今地学研究的前沿课题。但是,在几何学上,成对盆山耦合论述较多。而华北东部裂陷盆地则西与太行造山带、北与燕山造山带、东与胶辽山地、南与大别造山带均构成盆-山耦合,即中心裂陷盆地与外围各造山带均为耦合关系。研究表明:中心裂陷与华北地幔亚热柱的形成密切相关,由于地幔亚热柱强烈上隆,在岩石圈底部受阻,使华北东部岩石圈发生热减薄-断陷的同时,向外拆离的地幔岩在盆地外围形成一系列次级隆起(太行、燕山、胶辽、大别造山带),即地幔热柱多级演化的第三级单元———幔枝构造。各幔枝构造(造山带)间具有明显的可比性,并共同与中心裂陷盆地构成盆-山耦合关系。与此同时,随地幔热柱-亚热柱-幔枝构造向上迁移的成矿元素,亦以气态-气液混合态-含矿流体的形式向上迁移,并最终在幔枝构造的有利聚集部位成矿,形成张宣、冀东、辽东、胶东、鲁西、小秦岭、阜平等幔枝构造成矿集中区。