安徽铜陵新桥黄龙组沉积期海底火山喷发—沉积质疑

１９７７年《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》的文章中［１］,首次提出安徽铜陵新桥地区的黄铁矿型铜矿为石炭纪黄龙期海底火山喷发沉积形成。其后还有一些学者著文论述黄龙期的海底喷流与成矿问题,如发表于地质学报１９８６年第２期的文章中作者在论述长江中、下游中石...     

新疆预须开普台铁铜矿床成因探讨

根据矿床地质地球化学等方面的研究，认为该矿床成矿物质来源于深部地壳或上地幔；通过海底火山同流作用，在酸性相对还原的热学沉积盆地中沉积成矿。成矿流体来源岩浆水，并有海水混入。红碧玉、重晶石等具有喷流岩的特征。矿床成因属于海底火山喷流一热水沉积矿床。     

江西海底火山喷流─热水沉积铜矿床成矿模式

本文在总结海底火山喷流─热水沉积矿床的成矿判别的基础上，结合永平、乐华两矿床的成矿地质特征分析，系统提出了江西海底火山喷流─热水沉积铜矿床的综合成矿模式，并指明了这一成矿模式的理论和找矿意义。     

下扬子威宁期断裂拗陷、火山活动及块状硫化物成矿作用——答黄志诚《安徽铜陵新桥黄龙组沉积期海底火山喷发-沉积质疑》一文

高校地质学报１９９９年第一期发表了题为《安徽铜陵新桥黄龙组沉积期海底火山喷发沉积质疑》一文［１］,对作者及其他研究者关于下扬子地区海西－印支期断裂拗陷带块状硫化物矿床的研究在两个方面提出了不同意见,其一,认为石炭纪沿江地区是克拉通浅陆表海沉积区而非...     

滇东南老君山成矿区不同成矿系列稀土元素地球化学研究

该文以老君山锡多金属成矿区为研究对象,根据与成矿相关的地质作用的组合特征（加里东期火山喷流沉积成矿作
用、印支期区域变质作用和燕山期花岗岩叠加改造成矿作用）,厘定了三大成矿系列。通过不同成矿系列矿床的稀土元素地
球化学对比研究,发现各成矿系列矿床的稀土元素配分模式具有明显区别如下：Ⅰ. 加里东期海底火山喷流沉积-印支期变
质成矿系列,分布于老君山花岗岩体的北东部外围,其稀土元素配分模式与海相火山喷流沉积岩(岛弧拉斑玄武岩)类似;
Ⅱ. 加里东期海底火山喷流沉积-印支期变质-燕山期花岗岩热液叠加改造成矿系列,分布于老君山花岗岩接触带附近,具
海底火山喷流沉积岩和花岗岩并存的稀土元素配分模式;Ⅲ. 燕山期花岗岩热液成矿系列,位于老君山花岗岩体及接触带,
其稀土元素配分模式与地壳重熔型花岗岩一致。     

新疆阿尔泰山南缘蒙库盆地火山沉积构造演化与成矿

阐述了蒙库早泥盆世火山沉积盆地的构造特征.通过对该盆地火山沉积构造演化及其与成矿关系的研究,其结果认为,该盆地是一个明显的非对称的陆内裂谷,其火山沉积构造演化过程可划分为二个阶段:早期石英角斑质火山沉积阶段和晚期细碧-角斑质火山沉积阶段.由于蒙库铁矿床的喷流沉积成矿作用主要发生在第二个火山沉积构造演化阶段,因此铁矿床集中产于向斜构造的核部地层,并与细碧-角斑岩建造关系密切.后期的变质变形-岩浆侵入作用又对海底喷流沉积矿床起到了明显的改造-叠加富集成矿作用.     

江西海底火山喷流——热水沉积铜矿床成矿模式

本文在总结海底海山喷流－热水沉积矿床的成矿判别的基础上，结合永平、乐华两矿床的成矿地质特征分析，系统提出了江西海底火山喷流－热水沉积铜矿床的综合成矿模式，并指明了这一成矿模式的理论和找矿意义。     

新疆阿尔泰山南缘蒙库盆地火山沉积构造演化与成矿

阐述了蒙库早泥盆世火山沉积盆地的构造特征。通过对该盆地火山沉积构造演化及其与成矿关系的研究，其结果认为，该盆地是一个明显的非对称的陆内裂谷，其火山沉积构造演化过程可划分为二个阶段：早期石英角斑质火山沉积阶段和晚期细碧-角斑质火山沉积阶段。由于蒙库铁矿床的喷流沉积成矿作用主要发生在第二个火山沉积构造演化阶段．因此铁矿床集中产于向斜构造的核部地层．并与细碧-角斑岩建造关系密切。后期的变质变形-岩浆侵入作用又对海底喷流沉积矿床起到了明显的改造-叠加富集成矿作用。     

滇东北渔户村组内的富铅锌矿床成矿地质特征及成因

渔户村组为滇东北富铅锌矿床的重要产出层位。通过茂粗、金沙厂、五星、乐红、大海等矿床，总结了滇东北渔户村组内的富铅锌矿床的地质特征及成因，认为其与喷流沉积成矿作用和后期改造作用有关，为海底火山喷流沉积－改造成因。     

非火山环境海底沉积－喷流（“SEDEX”）矿床

非火山环境海底沉积－喷流（“ＳＥＤＥＸ”）矿床池三川（中国地质大学，北京，１０００８３）海底沉积－喷流成矿作用，泛指成矿水热流体（不同成因）喷溢出海底，液态状通过不同方式将所携带的成矿组分在喷口上下或侧近沉淀下来富集成矿的过程。由此作用形成的矿床，即...     

Fe(II) adsorption on hematite (0 0 0 1)

The surface structure of α-Fe₂O₃(0 0 0 1) was studied using crystal truncation rod (CTR) X-ray diffraction before and after reaction with aqueous Fe(II) at pH 5. The CTR results show the unreacted α-Fe₂O₃(0 0 0 1) surface consists of two chemically distinct structural domains: an O-layer terminated domain and a hydroxylated Fe-layer terminated domain. After exposing the α-Fe₂O₃(0 0 0 1) surface to aqueous Fe(II), the surface structure of both co-existing structural domains was modified due to adsorption of Fe at crystallographic lattice sites of the substrate, resulting in six-coordinated adsorbed Fe at the surface. The average Fe-O bond lengths of the adsorbed Fe are consistent with typical Fe(III)-O bond lengths (in octahedral coordination), providing evidence for the oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) upon adsorption. These results highlight the important role of substrate surface structure in controlling Fe(II) adsorption. Furthermore, the molecular scale structural characterization of adsorbed Fe provides insight into the process of Fe(II) induced structural modification of hematite surfaces, which in turn aids in assessing the effective reactivity of hematite surfaces in Fe(II) rich environments.     

Molecular dynamics simulations of the orthoclase (0 0 1)- and (0 1 0)-water interfaces

Molecular dynamics simulations of water in contact with the (0 0 1) and (0 1 0) surfaces of orthoclase (KAlSi₃O₈) were carried out to investigate the structure and dynamics of the feldspar-water interface, contrast the intrinsic structural properties of the two surfaces, and provide a basis for future work on the diffusion of ions and molecules in microscopic mineral fractures. Electron density profiles were computed from the molecular dynamics trajectories and compared with those derived experimentally from high-resolution X-ray reflectivity measurements by Fenter and co-workers [Fenter P., Cheng L., Park C., Zhang H. and Sturchio N. C. (2003a) Structure of the orthoclase (0 0 1)- and (0 1 0)-water interfaces by high-resolution X-ray reflectivity. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta67, 4267-4275]. For each surface, three scenarios were considered whereby the interfacial species is potassium, water, or a hydronium ion. Excellent agreement was obtained for the (0 0 1) surface when potassium is the predominant interfacial species; however, some discrepancies in the position of the interfacial peaks were obtained for the (0 1 0) surface. The two surfaces showed similarities in the extent of water ordering at the interface, the activation energies for water and potassium desorption, and the adsorption localization of interfacial species. However, there are also important differences between the two surfaces in the coordination of a given adsorbed species, adsorption site densities, and the propensity for water molecules in surface cavities and those in the first hydration layer to coordinate to surface bridging oxygen atoms. These differences may have implications for the extent of dissolution in the low-pH regime since hydrolysis of Si(Al)OSi(Al) bonds is a major dissolution mechanism.     

试论地质资料保管和利用的现代化管理

论述了建立“地质资料光盘存储综合管理系统”即改变地质资料保存介质和利用手段的现实意义。阐述了“地质资料光盘存储综合管理系统”。提出了在本省建立该系统的建议。     

浅议省级水工环地质信息网络系统的建设

本文系统介绍了陕西省水工环地质信息网络系统的建设方案,提出了信息网络系统中所包含的各种数据库,介绍了省局级信息网络系统构成的基本框架,这对于地矿部门建立省级水工环地质网络系统,具有很好的参考价值及指导意义。     

小秦岭(陕西境内)高山河群与小河岩体接触关系及时代探讨

本文对小秦岭（陕西境内）高山河群与小河岩体的接触关系性质,从点到面,从微观到宏观进行了扼要的论述,并明确指出二者非侵入接触,而应是沉积不整合接触,在此基础上探讨了小河岩体的时代。     

塔里木盆地轮台断裂封堵性研究与“雅南I号”构造油气预测

根据轮台断裂的构造特征,提出了应用地球物理方法研究轮台断裂封堵性的技术思路和方法。在地震资料精细保幅处理的基础上,对地震资料进行速度反演,利用地震资料和测井资料计算出断层上、下盘附近地层的泥质含量、泥质涂抹量、孔隙度、地层压力等。通过研究并置接触关系、孔隙连通性、压力差异等判别断裂封堵能力,结合地震资料特殊处理并预测雅南１号构造的含油气性。     

江西相山地区中,新生低构造演化对富大铀矿形成的制约

江西相山铀矿田是我国目前最大的火山岩型铀矿田,一直是铀矿地质学界的研究热点之一。大量的新资料支持以下的构造演化模型：成矿前的走滑剪切;成矿期的伸展拉张;成矿后的挤压逆冲。这一构造演化体系是形成相山富大铀矿田的有利地质构造背景。     

Adsorption of Rb and Sr at the orthoclase (0 0 1)-solution interface

Adsorption of Rb⁺ and Sr²⁺ at the orthoclase (0 0 1)-solution interface is probed with high-resolution X-ray reflectivity and resonant anomalous X-ray reflectivity. Specular X-ray reflectivity data for orthoclase in contact with 0.01 m RbCl solution at pH 5.5 reveal a systematic increase in electron density adjacent to the mineral surface with respect to that observed in contact with de-ionized water (DIW). Quantitative analysis indicates that Rb⁺ adsorbs at a height of 0.83 ± 0.03 Å with respect to the bulk K⁺ site with a nominal coverage of 0.72 ± 0.10 ions per surface unit mesh (55.7 Å²). These results are consistent with an ion-exchange reaction in which Rb⁺ occupies an inner-sphere adsorption (IS) site. In contrast, X-ray reflectivity data for orthoclase in contact with 0.01 m Sr(NO₃)₂ solution at pH 5.3 reveal few significant changes with respect to DIW. Resonant anomalous X-ray reflectivity was used to probe Sr²⁺ adsorption and to image its vertical distribution. This element-specific measurement reveals that Sr²⁺ adsorbs with a total coverage of 0.37 ± 0.02 ions per surface unit mesh, at a substantially larger height (3.28 ± 0.05 Å) than found for Rb⁺, and with a relatively broad density distribution (having a root-mean-square width of 1.88 ± 0.08 Å for a single-peak model), implying that Sr²⁺ adsorbs primarily as a fully-hydrated outer-sphere (OS), species. Comparison to a two-height model suggests that 13 ± 5% of the adsorbed Sr²⁺ may be present as an IS species. This partitioning implies a ∼5 kJ/mol difference in free energy between the IS and OS Sr²⁺ on orthoclase. Differences in the partitioning of Sr²⁺ between IS and OS species for orthoclase (0 0 1) and muscovite (0 0 1) suggest control by the geometry of the IS adsorption site. Results for the OS distribution are compared to predictions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation in the strong coupling regime, which predicts an intrinsically narrow vertical diffuse ion distribution; the OS distribution might thus be thought of as the diffuse ion profile in the limit of high surface charge.     

Weak interfacial water ordering on isostructural hematite and corundum (0 0 1) surfaces

Ordering of interfacial water at the hematite and corundum (0 0 1)-water interfaces has been characterized using in situ high resolution specular X-ray reflectivity measurements. The hematite (0 0 1) surface was prepared through an annealing process to produce a surface isostructural with corundum (0 0 1), facilitating direct comparison. Interfacial water was found to display a similar structure on this pair of isostructural surfaces. A single layer of adsorbed water having a large vibrational amplitude was present on each surface and additional ordering of water extended at least 1 nm into the bulk fluid, with the degree of ordering decreasing with increasing distance from the surfaces. Consistent with prior studies of the (0 1 2) and (1 1 0) surfaces of hematite and corundum, the configuration of water above the (0 0 1) surfaces is primarily controlled by the surface structure, specifically the arrangement of surface functional groups. However, interfacial water at the (0 0 1) surfaces displayed significantly larger vibrational amplitudes throughout the interfacial region than at other isostructural sets of hematite and corundum surfaces, indicating weaker ordering. Comparison of the vibrational amplitudes of adsorbed water on a series of oxide, silicate, and phosphate mineral surfaces suggests that the presence or absence of a substantial interfacial electrostatic field is the primary control on water ordering and not the surface structure itself. On surfaces for which charge originates dominantly through protonation-deprotonation reactions the controlling factor appears to be whether conditions exist where most functional groups are uncharged as opposed to the net surface charge. The doubly coordinated functional groups on hematite and corundum (0 0 1) surfaces are largely uncharged under slightly acidic to circumneutral pH conditions, leading to weak ordering, whereas singly coordinated groups on (0 1 2) and (1 1 0) surfaces of these phases are always charged, even when the net surface charge is zero, and induce strong water ordering. Surfaces lacking structural charge can thus be divided into two distinct classes that induce either strong or weak ordering of interfacial water. Surface functional group coordination is the ultimate control on this division as it determines the charge state of such groups under different protonation configurations. Ion adsorption and electron transfer processes may differ between these classes of surfaces because of the effect of water ordering strength on interfacial capacitances and hydrogen bonding.     

Computer simulations of the interactions of the (0 1 2) and (0 0 1) surfaces of jarosite with Al, Cd, Cu and Zn

Jarosite is an important mineral on Earth, and possibly on Mars, where it controls the mobility of iron, sulfate and potentially toxic metals. Atomistic simulations have been used to study the incorporation of Al³⁺, and the M²⁺ impurities Cd, Cu and Zn, in the (0 1 2) and (0 0 1) surfaces of jarosite. The calculations show that the incorporation of Al on an Fe site is favorable on all surfaces in which terminal Fe ions are exposed, and especially on the (0 0 1) [Fe₃(OH)₃]⁶⁺ surface. Incorporation of Cd, Cu or Zn on a K site balanced by a K vacancy is predicted to stabilize the surfaces, but calculated endothermic solution energies and the high degree of distortion of the surfaces following incorporation suggest that these substitutions will be limited. The calculations also suggest that incorporation of Cd, Cu and Zn on an Fe site balanced by an OH vacancy, or by coupled substitution on both K and Fe sites, is unfavorable, although this might be compensated for by growth of a new layer of jarosite or goethite, as predicted for bulk jarosite. The results of the simulations show that surface structure will exert an influence on uptake of impurities in the order Cu > Cd > Zn, with the most favorable surfaces for incorporation being (0 1 2) [KFe(OH)₄]⁰ and (0 0 1) [Fe₃(OH)₃]⁶⁺.