宁镇山脉高骊山段腕足类化石的发现

高骊山段一名最早见于李四光、朱森的“南京龙潭地质指南”(1932)一书中,但在李毓尧等著的“宁镇山脉地质志”(1935)一书中才有详细的描述,并在高骊山、龙潭、赤燕山等地采得植物化石及瓣鳃类化石碎片。植物化石主要有:Lepidoden-     

对“南京附近的高骊山组”一文的更正

<正> 刊于“地层学杂志”第9卷第2期的“南京附近的高骊山组”一文中,因为对所产植物化石鉴定的错误,把吕家山、仙鹤观二剖面的地质时代错定为下石炭统高骊山组,经吴舜卿、吴秀元对植物化石的重新鉴定,发现该植物群落基本上是中生代的面貌,主要植物     

苏皖地区的孤峰组

<正> 苏皖地区的孤峰组原称孤峰层,由“孤峰镇石灰岩”一名演变而来。叶良辅、李捷(1924)在安徽泾县孤峰镇进行煤田地质调查时,将相当于黄龙组、船山组及栖霞组的一套灰岩统称为“孤峰镇石灰岩”。孤峰层是朱森、李四光、李毓尧等(1930,1932,1935)重新厘订的,指出孤峰层“为黑色灰质页岩及硅质甚富之灰岩等,间于栖霞灰岩与龙潭煤系之     

论东吴运动

1931年,李四光教授创“东吴革命”一词,用以代表宁镇山区龙潭组与栖霞组之间的不整合,並认为它是一幕显著的造山运动。同年,朱森、刘祖彝据其在皖南贵池之所见,复指出东吴运动的界面位于龙潭煤系与孤峰层之间。此后,关于东吴运动的位置均从朱、刘之说,並被广泛地视若上、下二叠统的“自然界线”。      

安徽巢湖地区早石炭世地层

<正> 巢湖地区早石炭世地层主要出露于无为县山里黄家、白牡山,巢县南部银屏、岱山,巢县北部东风石矿、凤凰山、维尼纶厂,含山县花山、方山及和县香泉镇夹山关等地。这一地区隶属于扬子地层区下扬子地层分区巢县地层小区。区内的下石炭统普遍缺失杜内期(岩关期)早期的沉积,自下而上划分为三组、二段:金陵组、高骊山组、和州组(下段、上段),总厚20.1—57.1米,除高骊山组为滨海—浅海相碎屑岩外,余者主要为浅海相碳酸盐岩建造。     

江西早三叠世地层

<正> 江西早三叠世地层发育齐全,零星散布于全省各地,化石丰富。1930年,王竹泉调查修水流域地质时,将下三叠统与宁镇地区的青龙灰岩对比。高平、徐克勤(1940)将宜春、万载地区的海相三叠系命名为“慈荫亭系”和“拓湖岭灰岩”,时代为早、中三叠世。1943年,徐克勤、丁毅在信丰铁石口附近发现早三叠世地层,创名“铁石口系”。笔者于1984—     

高驪山发现耐火粘土

1958年大跃进以后,在江苏句容高骊山的下石炭纪地层——高骊山统中,发现了耐火粘土。同时对高骊山统地层也有了新的认识。     

从岩石成因论华北地台“霍山砂岩”的时代归属

<正> 霍山砂岩由山根新次(1924)创名于山西中部的霍山,并描述为滹沱系之上的“由红色石英砂岩组成的厚的单一岩层组,底部常常有砾岩……可以作为华北最年轻的前寒武系。”自霍山砂岩创名以来始终存在两种不同的地质时代归属意见。主张归属震旦纪的有     

南京地区岩关早期地层——茨山组

<正> 南京地区的下石炭统,按其岩性及生物群特征,自下而上分为茨山组、金陵组、高骊山组、和州组及老虎洞组五个地层单位。茨山组为本文创立,该组包括原划为上泥盆统五通组擂鼓台段上部的一套碎屑岩和金陵组底部含腕足类化石的砂岩。关于五通组的时代,潘江(1953)在南京龙潭的五通组(当时称五通系)上部发现繁盛于泥盆纪的胴甲鱼类(Antiarchi)。根据鱼化石的特征,刘东生、潘江(1958)认为五通组的时代是晚泥盆世早期或中泥盆世晚期。罗兴、潘鹏(1959)在南京龙潭相当含胴甲鱼的层位中,采到了具晚泥盆世特征的斜方薄皮木(Leptophloeum rhombicum Dawson)植物。李星学(1963)根据上述鱼     

江苏句容地区早石炭世大塘期高骊山组沉积类型与层序特征

江苏句容高骊山是早石炭世大塘期高骊山组出露较好的剖面。通过野外观测和镜下分析研究,显示高骊山组主要发育泥岩、硅质岩和砂岩。岩性组合显示高骊山组由4 个岩性段组成: ①粉砂岩段、②页岩段、③硅质岩和页岩互层段和④砂岩段。沉积类型分析显示,高骊山组主要发育滨海沉积、浅海--半深海沉积和三角洲沉积,可进一步识别出滨海泻湖、深水陆棚、三角洲前缘和三角洲平原等4 种亚相,泻湖泥质沉积、深水泥质沉积和硅质沉积、间湾、水下河道、朵叶间、分流河道和河道间等7 种沉积微相,以发育深水硅质沉积为特色。根据岩性和岩相变化,高骊山组是一个完整的三级沉积层序。该层序由低位体系域、海侵体系域和高位体系域组成。相对海平面变化分析显示,研究区在高骊山时期经历了一个三级海平面升降过程,控制了三级层序的发育。根据沉积构造分析,高骊山时期为挤压背景下的弧后前陆沉积。     

Stratigraphy and palynostratigraphy, Karoo Supergroup (Permian and Triassic), mid-Zambezi Valley, southern Zambia

The Karoo Supergroup outcropst in the mid-Zambezi Valley, southern Zambia. It is underlain by the Sinakumbe Group of Ordovician to Devonian age. The Lower Karoo Group (Late Carboniferous to Permian age) consists of the basal Siankondobo Sandstone Formation, which comprises three facies, overlain by the Gwembe Coal Formation with its economically important coal deposits, in turn overlain by the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation which consists of lacustrine mudstone, calcilutite, sandstone, and concretionary calcareous beds. The Upper Karoo Group (Triassic to Early Jurassic) is sub-divided into the coarsely arenaceous Escarpment Grit, overlain by the fining upwards Interbedded Sandstone and Mudstone, Red Sandstone; and Batoka Basalt Formations.Palynomorph assemblages suggest that the Siankondobo Sandstone Formation is Late Carboniferous (Gzhelian) to Early Permian (Asselian to Early Sakmarian) in age, the Gwembe Coal Formation Early Permian (Artinskian to Kungurian), the Madumabisa Mudstone Late Permian (Tatarian), and the Interbedded Sandstone and Mudstone Early or Middle Triassic (Late Scythian or Anisian). The marked quantitative variations in the assemblages are due partly to age differences, but they also reflect vegetational differences resulting from different paleoclimates and different facies.The low thermal maturity of the formations (Thermal Alteration Index 2) suggests that the rocks are oil prone. However, the general scarcity of amorphous kerogen, such as the alga Botryococcus sp., and the low proportion of exinous material, indicates a low potential for liquid hydrocarbons. Gas may have been generated, particularly in the coal seams of the Gwembe Coal Formation, that are more deeply buried.     

新疆富蕴县下石炭统南明水组沉积相及其古地理意义

新疆富蕴县以南下石炭统维宪阶南明水组的主要沉积相类型为扇三角洲相、滨海相、海岸平原相,其中扇三角洲相又分为扇三角洲平原和前缘亚相,滨海相主要为临滨亚相。古流向集中于320°~340°,表明物源来自研究区东南方向,推测早古生代塔尔巴哈台褶皱带东段是研究区南明水组的蚀源区。准噶尔东北部早石炭世维宪期古构造格局可能包括准噶尔古陆东北缘由早古生代褶皱带构成的剥蚀区（隆升区）和该剥蚀区西北以南明水组为代表的晚古生代被动大陆边缘。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000600

Detailed studies on Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous carbonate rocks in central Hunan, southern China have led to the recognition of 25 lithofacies which can be grouped into:(1) inner ramp peritidal platform,(2) inner ramp organic bank and mound.(3) mid ramp,(4) outer ramp,and(5) shelf basin fades associations.The peritidal platform fades association dominates the Zimenqiao Formation (Namurian A or late Datangian) and is characterized by gypsum and dolostone-containing sequences, indicating a peritidal platform environment.The other four fades associations dominate the Menggongao Formation(late Famennian).Liujiatang Formation(Tournaisian or Yangruanian).Shidengzi Formations (early Visean or early Datangian).Five upward-shallowing cycles were distinguished in these three Formations.The predominant fades associations developed in each Formation demonstrate an overall transgression-regression cycle in the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous in central Hunan.The overall transgressive sequence was preserved in the Shaodong.Menggongao.and Liujiatang Formations,and the overall regressive sequence was preserved in the Liujiatang.Shidengzi.Ceshui and Zimenqiao Formations.     

Erg margin of the Permian White Rim Sandstone, SE Utah

The Permian White Rim Sandstone of the Canyonlands National Park, Utah, contains a wide variety of sedimentary structures and features that largely result from stages in erg migration and marine influence on an erg margin. Three spatially distinct lithological and depositional facies are recognized and can be distinguished as informal units within the formation. The aeolian dune facies is composed predominantly of fine-grained cross-stratified sandstone of the White Rim erg. This facies is the most widespread and comprises the bulk of the formation. Within the aeolian dune facies are small subfacies that represent interdune deposits. A sheet sand facies, composed of parallel-bedded sandstone, makes up a significant part of the lowest part of the White Rim Formation. This facies appears to have been the precursor or leading (progradational) edge to the main erg system. The final facies is a reworked or veneer facies of rippled to disturbed sandstone that is localized in its extent. It is restricted to the upper few metres of the formation and is transitional in some places to the Triassic Moenkopi Formation. This veneer facies contains many structures which indicate marine reworking as well as periods of desiccation or subaerial exposure. Some previous interpretations of the White Rim Sandstone have tended to classify the whole formation as one depositional setting. It is clear that at the margin of a sand sea, as shown in the White Rim Sandstone, there are transitional facies due to the interactions with other environments. Additionally, variation in the stratigraphic relationships of facies can be related to stages of erg migration. Erg margin deposits preceded central erg development. Erg initiation occurred during a probable relative sea level low. Sea level influence is recorded at the top of the formation because erg termination accompanied a relative sea level high with cut-off of sand supply. Transgression of the Permian Kaibab Sea over the White Rim erg was probably the main process in preservation of original dune topographic relief. Sea level fluctuations also may have affected distribution of facies and the complexities of structures at the erg margin. Subsequent fluvial reworking of the veneer facies may have obliterated Late Permian features during lowest Triassic Moenkopi deposition.     

The Carboniferous sequence in the Gloucester‐Myall Lake area,New South Wales

The stratigraphic succession of formations in the Myall district comprises in ascending order the Bunyah Beds, Wallanbah Formation, Kataway Mudstone, Boolambayte Formation (new names), Nerong Volcanics (E'ngel, 1962), Booti Booti Sandstone, Yagon Siltstone, Koolanock Sandstone, Muirs Creek Conglomerate (new names) and Alum Mountain Volcanics (Engel, 1962). The units range in age from possibly Devonian to possibly Permian, most being Carboniferous. The Mograni (new name), Tugrabakh (Voisey, 1940) and Mayers Flat Limestones (new name) are members of the Wallanbah Formation. The Violet Hill Volcanics (new name) is a member of the Yagon Siltstone. The Burdekins Gap Basalt Member and Lakes Road Rhyolite are members of the Alum Mountain Volcanics.

Environments of deposition range from nonmarine (Nerong Volcanics, Alum Mountain Volcanics, Muirs Creek Conglomerate, upper part of Koolanock Sandstone) through shallow marine (Booti Booti Sandstone, lower part of Koolanock Sandstone, calcareous parts of Wallanbah Formation) to deep marine (most other units). Facies relationships indicate a progressive deepening of the sedimentary environment to the east throughout most of the Carboniferous sequence. The Tournaisian sequence is readily correlated with a similar sequence in the Rocky Creek and Belvue Synclines. Higher units are correlated with sequences at Gloucester (Campbell & McKelvey, 1972) and Booral (Campbell, 1962).     

广州地区晚泥盆世至早石炭世地层及植物组合

广州地区晚泥盆世至早石炭世地层发育良好 ,出露地层为上泥盆统金钱岭组、沙水岗组以及下石炭统龙江组、石磴子组、测水组和梓门桥组 ,含有非常丰富的动植物化石 ,其中 ,广州市西北郊出露有陆相晚泥盆世至早石炭世地层的连续剖面 ,是研究陆相泥盆系与石炭系界线的理想剖面。含植物化石的陆相地层沙水岗组、龙江组和测水组中的植物化石可划分为 4个组合 ,自下而上为 :1) L epidodendropsis hirmeri- Sublepidodendron mirabile- H ama-tophyton verticillatum组合 ,代表沉积为沙水岗组 ,时代为晚泥盆世晚期 ;　 2 ) Sublepidodendron mirabile-Rhodeopteridium cf. hsianghsiangense组合 ,代表沉积为龙江组 ,时代为早石炭世杜内期 ;　 3) Cardiopteridiumspetsbergense- Triphyllopteris collombiana- Adiantites gothanii组合 ,代表沉积为测水组下段 ,时代为早石炭世维宪早期 ;　 4) Archaeocalamites scrobiculatus- Cardiopteridium spetsbergense- Paripteris gigantea组合 ,代表沉积为测水组上段 ,时代为早石炭世维宪晚期     

Advances in the research on Carboniferous deep‐water marine deposits in western Junggar,northwestern China

Carboniferous deep‐water marine strata have been insufficiently studied in western Junggar, NW China where the deep‐water facies successions have long been disputed in terms of age constraints, sequence and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper introduces some views in the light of new materials obtained from this region in recent years. The presence of the Visean plant fossils from the upper Ta'erbahatai Formation in the Tarbgatay Mountains indicates that the formation can be extended to the Early Carboniferous epoch in age. This unit also displays obvious diachroneity, which is of Late Devonian to Early Tournaisian age in the Saur Mountains and Late Devonian to Visean age in the Tarbgatay Mountains. The Xibeikulasi, Baogutu and Tailegula formations are widely distributed in northwestern Karamay areas. The scouring structures and graded bedding near the boundaries between the three formations confirm the stratal sequence that they were originally assigned, namely the Xibeikulasi, Baogutu and Tailegula formations in ascending order. The ‘fossil chaos’ of the three formations is due to mistaking fossils of other stratigraphic units for fossils of these three formations. After revision, only the Early Carboniferous fossils are considered reliable, and combined with the newly found plant fossils, the Xibeikulasi, Baogutu and Tailegula formations are re‐assigned to the early Visean, late Visean, and latest Visean to Serpukhovian ages, respectively. An extension of the lower Hala'alate Formation was recognized in the southwestern Hala'alate Mountains. The presence of the latest Early Carboniferous brachiopods constrains the Hala'alate Formation as late Serpukhovian to Bashkirian in age, bearing the mid‐Carboniferous boundary. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Early Carboniferous paleogeography of the northern Verkhoyansk passive margin as derived from U–Pb dating of detrital zircons: role of erosion products of the Central Asian and Taimyr–Severnaya Zemlya fold belts

The first U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Lower Carboniferous sandstones in the frontal part of the northern Verkhoyansk fold-and-thrust belt showed that detrital zircon age spectra for the Lower Visean (Krestyakh Formation) and the Upper Visean–Serpukhovian (Tiksi Formation) rocks are quite different. The Early Visean sandstones contain up to 95% detrital zircons of Precambrian age, while those of Late Visean–Serpukhovian age, only 55%. The shape of age distribution plots of Precambrian zircons for both samples is similar, indicating that reworking of terrigenous sediments of the Krestyakh Formation or the same sources dominated in Early Visean time (crystalline basement of the craton, eroded Meso- and Neoproterozoic sedimentary complexes, and igneous rocks of Central Taimyr) contributed significantly to the accumulation of the Late Visean–Serpukhovian deposits. In the rocks of the Tiksi Formation, 45% of detrital zircons are of Paleozoic age, while 24% are Early Paleozoic, with prevailing Cambrian and Ordovician ages. Possible provenance areas with abundant igneous rocks of this age could be the Taimyr–Severnaya Zemlya and Central Asian fold belts extending along the northern, western or southwestern margins of the Siberia. The presence of Middle–Late Devonian zircons is thought to be related to the erosion of granitoids of the Yenisei Ridge and the Altai–Sayan region. Early Carboniferous detrital zircons probably had a provenance in igneous rocks of the Taimyr–Severnaya Zemlya fold belt, on the assumption that collision between the Kara block and the northern margin of the Siberian continent had already occurred by that time. In Early Visean time, sedimentation occurred in small deltaic fans, likely along steep fault scarps that formed as a result of Middle Paleozoic (Devonian–Carboniferous) rifting. The clastic material came from small rivers that eroded the nearby area. Late Visean–Serpukhovian time was marked by a sharp increase in the amount of clastic material and by the appearance of detrital zircons coming from new provenance regions, such as fold belts extending along the northern and southwestern margins of the Siberian continent. A large river system, which was able to transport clastic material over large distances to deposit it in submarine fans on the northern Verkhoyansk passive continental margin, had already existed by that time.     

论塔里木盆地“东河砂岩”的地质时代

系统总结了关于近年来塔里木盆地重要储油层——“东河砂岩”年代研究所取得的主要进展 ,包括 1)“东河砂岩”中发现晚泥盆世孢子和胴甲鱼化石 ;　 2 )含砾砂岩段发现晚泥盆世盾皮鱼化石 ;　 3)下泥岩段下部发现晚泥盆世孢子 ;　 4 )下泥岩段上部和生屑灰岩段分别发现石炭纪初期第一、二孢子组合带 ;　 5 )生屑灰岩段发现石炭纪初期的牙形刺 ;　 6 )化学 -生物地层学研究结果指示 ,泥盆系 -石炭系界线应在“东河砂岩”顶面之上。据此 ,“东河砂岩”的时代应为泥盆纪。     

Stratigraphic record of thrust propagation, Carboniferous foreland basin, Pyrenees, with emphasis on Pays-de-Sault (France/Spain)

The Carboniferous culm of the Pays-de-Sault is divided into two diachronous and synshortening series. These series are dated Late Visean (Pic d'Ourtiset series in a northern overthrust unit) and Early Namurian E2 (La Fajolle series in a southern underthrust unit) from an association of foraminifers, algae, and microproblematica identified in clasts of conglomerates. According to structural positions and facies criteria, these two series are interpreted as two turbiditic depocenters which were generated by southward thrust propagation during Late Visean and Early Namurian. At the scale of the Pyrenean Hercynian range, this evolution is consistent with a thrust and depocenter sequence propagating on the wedge-top depozone of a foreland basin system from the northeast (Mouthoumet subpyrenean massif) to the southwest (end of the High Primary Range) during Late Visean to Westphalian C time interval.