包裹碎石桩和碎石桩复合地基抗震性能对比试验研究

包裹碎石桩是在碎石桩外包裹一层土工材料制成的一种新型桩体,由于包裹作用,碎石桩的刚度和抗剪强度得到了明显提高。然而,目前有关包裹碎石桩的研究较少,特别是其抗震性能方面。鉴于此,通过开展包裹碎石桩复合地基和碎石桩复合地基振动台模型试验,在考虑不同类型、幅值的地震波作用下,研究两种复合地基的加速度、桩土应力、破坏现象和位移,进而对比分析这两种复合地基的动力响应规律和抗震性能。试验表明:包裹碎石桩桩顶和桩间土水平方向加速度放大系数均约为碎石桩的2倍;相同地震波条件下,包裹碎石桩复合地基的峰值桩-土应力比约为碎石桩复合地基的3倍;与碎石桩复合地基相比,0.9g人工波加载后包裹碎石桩复合地基在较大区域内产生较窄裂缝;包裹碎石桩复合地基产生的总沉降较碎石桩复合地基减小了51%。因此,包裹碎石桩复合地基的抗震性能优于碎石桩复合地基。     

考虑桩土滑移和鼓胀影响的碎石桩复合地基沉降分析方法

本文在深入研究柔性基础下碎石桩复合地基变形力学机理的基础上,结合单元体桩周土位移模式建立出柔性基础下碎石桩复合地基沉降分析方法。首先,根据柔性基础下碎石桩复合地基桩土界面上存在相对滑移的特点对现有竖向位移模式进行改进,然后,考虑到碎石桩复合地基桩体侧向鼓胀不可忽视的特征,在位移模式分析方法中计入径向位移的影响,并且由此得到桩侧摩阻力的分析方法,最后,通过对该模型的受力分析得到复合地基加固区压缩变形分析方法。该方法不仅能反映桩土间的相互作用以及复合地基桩土滑移的特征,而且能考虑碎石桩体鼓胀变形对复合地基沉降分析的影响。最后通过工程实例分析,表明了本文方法的可行性与合理性。     

竖向荷载下加筋碎石桩复合地基数值分析

采用三维有限元程序建立了一长为6 m、直径为0.8 m的加筋碎石桩复合地基流固耦合数值模型,分析了其在堆载和孔压消散过程中的荷载传递和变形特性。较传统碎石桩,加筋碎石桩复合地基桩土应力比显著增大,超孔压、沉降和桩身侧向变形显著减小,且随筋材刚度的增大,其性能进一步改善。加筋碎石桩复合地基在桩间土固结过程中产生明显的桩土差异沉降,形成土拱效应,使得堆载结束后桩土应力比变化很小。筋材长度对加筋碎石桩复合地基桩土应力比和沉降影响显著,应对其全长加筋才能保证桩体刚度和有效减少沉降。     

碎石桩复合地基现场试验及数值模拟分析

依托某储油罐的碎石桩复合地基处理实例,进行了复合地基现场变形、荷载传递及固结速率的长期监测。参照工程实际建立了碎石桩复合地基三维有限元水土耦合分析模型,讨论了碎石桩桩长以及复合地基置换率对碎石桩复合地基工程性状的影响。监测结果和有限元数值分析结果表明：碎石桩复合地基对于沉降和水平位移的控制效果较好,保证了施工过程中地基的稳定性;随着上部荷载的增加,桩土应力比逐渐增大。碎石桩给地基提供了良好的排水通道,有效加快了地基的固结速率;碎石桩复合地基沉降随着桩长和置换率的增加而减小,但达到一定程度时,置换率和桩长对沉降的减少效果有限;复合地基桩土应力比随着桩长的增加而增大,随着置换率的增大而减小;置换率和桩长的增加都能加快碎石桩复合地基的固结速率,但是置换率对固结速率的影响更大一些。     

路堤荷载下具盖板的浆固碎石桩桩土应力比研究

桩土应力比是反映复合地基工作状态的重要参数,前人做了较多的理论工作,但理论解通常是在桩顶铺设砂垫层情况下推出的。在路堤荷载下浆固碎石桩复合地基一般在桩顶设置盖板,针对浆固碎石桩复合地基的特殊情况,进行了理论模型简化,并且运用极限平衡理论和弹性理论,推导了设置盖板的浆固碎石桩复合地基在路堤荷载下桩土应力比公式,并通过工程实测资料进行了验证,其结果可为浆固碎石桩复合地基的优化设计提供参考。     

碎石桩复合地基试验及固结分析

碎石桩复合地基在处理软弱地基土中得到相当广泛的应用。为了更好地掌握其规律性,本文针对某电厂碎石桩复合地基现场试验和桩身应力测试成果,进行了分析和总结,得出了饱和粘性土地基中桩土应力比与外荷载大小有关。其形状为上凸抛物线型,大小一般在3~6之间;静载荷试验下桩身应力分布特点与天然地基应力分布近似,影响深度为载荷板宽度的2~3倍。通过用有限元法模拟该复合地基固结性状,得知碎石桩不仅大大加快粘性土复合地基固结,而且减小了工后沉降的影响。      

堤坝软土碎石桩复合地基计算参数研究

目前确定碎石桩复合地基参数时,工程界常采用碎石与原状土参数按平面面积占比叠加的简化方法进行计算,对其适用条件较少关注。以卢旺达那巴龙格河二号水电站高土石坝深厚覆盖层软弱地基处理项目为背景,基于PLAXIS有限元平台,对不同面积置换率下含碎石芯软黏土复合试样进行三轴固结排水试验数值模拟,经室内三轴试验验证了数值模拟方案的合理性。对软土碎石桩复合地基的桩-土作用机制和土体硬化模型计算参数进行研究,将所获参数应用于坝基的变形分析,并与传统参数叠加法和碎石桩墙法进行对比。结果表明：采用数值复合试样法确定的土石坝软土碎石桩复合地基参数是合理的,在计算复合地基沉降时误差小;传统参数叠加法低估了软土碎石桩复合地基的沉降,仅适用于低应力水平、高面积置换率的情况,并且会高估复合地基的强度参数。采用数值复合试样法参数对坝基变形的二维有限元分析表明,根据坝体高度不同采取不同置换率的碎石桩分区加固地基的优化方案是可行的。     

水泥粉体深层喷射搅拌桩复合地基处理及其效果

水泥粉体深层喷射搅拌桩与干振碎石桩,干振灰土等一样,也是处理松软地基土的一种有效方法。但与干振碎石桩等其他挤密型复合地基处理方法不同,水泥粉体深层喷射搅拌桩属于摩擦桩型。由于天然地基土对桩体的侧摩擦力和端阻力的共同作用,使复合地基的承载力大幅度提高。然而人们普遍认为,水泥粉体深层喷射搅拌桩法复合地基处理不能解决场地土的液化问题。本文通过工程实例和瑞雷波检测结果,证实了该方法处理的复合地基,除了承协     

GC与CFG桩组合桩型复合地基承载特性研究

将碎石桩与CFG桩组合桩型复合地基用于沿海软土地基的处理。通过现场实测和三维数值计算,对这种新型复合地基的桩土应力随荷载的变化过程、桩土共同作用机理及桩土荷载分担比的变化过程进行了全面分析,结果表明：组合桩型复合地基可发挥两种不同刚度加固体在复合地基中各自的特点,经济技术效益明显,应用效果良好     

碎石桩复合地基承载特性研究

通过对广州市某快速干线一标段碎石桩复合地基承载特性研究,分析了桩、土应力的变化规律和碎石桩处理软土地基的机理及其特点。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

General contents of JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY,2014

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Clay Mineralogical and Geochemical Studies of Detrital Rocks of the Upper Cretaceous Salt-bearing Strata,Simao Basin,SW China:Implication for Provenance and Source Weathering

正1 Introduction Geological studies established on several sections in Lanping-Simao basin have shown that the salt-bearing strata of Mengyejing formation(Yunlong Fm.in Lanping basin)are constituted by an alternation of salt layers and interbedded facies.The latter consists mainly of mudstones,and mudstone-rich conglomerate.The mineralogy and geochemistry of salt-bearing beds and     

Status of China’s Mineral Resources in 2013

正On 22nd April 2014,with the approach of the 45th World Earth Day,China’s Ministry of Land and resources issued the status of China’s mineral resources in 2013.The first task of the prospecting breakthrough strategy action implemented in the last five years has been completed,and China’s security capacity for mineral resources has been significantly improved.In the     

Thermodynamics of the Calcium-Containing Brine Systems

正There are more than 700 salt lakes with area of more than 1km2 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China.In recent years,an oilfield brine was also found in the Nanyishan Section of Qaidam Basin in the Qinghai-Tibet     

Mechanism of Salt Migration Driven by Tectonic Processes:Insights from Physical and Numerical Modeling

正1 Introduction Physical and numerical models are constructed to investigate the evolution and mechanism of salt migration driven by tectonic processes.In recent years,we have designed and ran series of models to simulate salt     

Palynological Assemblage Age and Palaeoenvironment of the Cretaceous Salt-bearing Strata in Laos and Yunnan,China

正The study of Cretaceous-Palaeogene salt-bearing strata of the Khorat Basin Laos and the Lanping-Simao Basin in Yunnan,China has an great significance not only in explaining the basin evolution and the genesis of potash     

Geological Characteristics of Potassium-Bearing Salt Layers in the Well Block Quele of the Kuqa Depression and their Significance

正Potash is one of the long-term scare deposits in China,and potash prospecting has long been listed as a key brainstorm project for our nation and geological prospecting units.There have been considerable studies in search for potash deposits in the Kuqa depression of the Tarim basin(Jackson et al.,1991;Gemmer et al.,2004;Vendeville,2005;Vendeville and Jackson,1992a,1992b),     

Integration of Resources and Technological Advantages,Creation sustainable Qinghai Potash Fertilizer Industry Base

正1 Introduction Qaidam Basin in Qinghai,including 43 salt lakes with multiple dominant mineral such as potassium,magnesium,lithium etc.,is the most intensive distribution of Saline