骑田岭花岗岩浆演化与锡成矿关系

芙蓉超大型锡多金属矿床位于南岭W-Sn多金属成矿带中部,是近几年来发现的具有巨大找矿潜力的锡矿田(黄革非等,2003),与骑田岭A型花岗岩有密切时空关系,但锡成矿与骑田岭花岗岩成岩间是否具有成因联系尚存在分歧.本文从研究骑田岭花岗岩岩浆演化特征和岩浆演化过程中的成矿流体人手,探讨成矿与骑田岭花岗岩成岩之间的本质联系.     

湖南锡田钨锡多金属矿床成矿地质特征及成矿模式

通过对锡田钨锡多金属矿床地质特征的研究,认为锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿体的形态、产状及空间展布严格受岩体接触带及断裂构造控制;矿床类型主要为矽卡岩型,其次为破碎带蚀变岩型、云英岩型等;钨锡多金属成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关:印支期花岗岩浆侵位形成矽卡岩型钨锡矿(化)体;燕山期花岗岩浆侵位导致早期矿化矽卡岩发生叠加矿化,同时在构造破碎带中形成云英岩型锡矿或破碎带蚀变岩型钨锡多金属矿体,是形成规模巨大的钨锡多金属工业矿床的必要条件.此外,提出了锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿的成矿模式.     

郴州芙蓉锡矿田成矿模式及资源总量预测

本文简要地归纳了芙蓉矿田锡矿床类型,建立了锡矿成矿模式,并预测了锡资源总量。在垂深４００ｍ以内,预测有超大型锡矿床２处,大型锡矿床７处,中型锡矿床３处。     

湖南芙蓉锡矿田流体包裹体的He同位素组成及成矿流体来源示踪

芙蓉锡矿田位于湖南省骑田岭花岗岩体的南部, 是一个新近发现的超大型锡矿田.与以往所研究的与S型花岗岩有关的锡矿床明显不同, 这个矿田在时空上都与骑田岭A型花岗岩密切相关.该矿田矿石硫化物流体包裹体的3He/4He测定值为0.14-2.95 Ra, 低于地幔的3He/4He值(6-7 Ra), 且高于地壳的3He/4He值(0.01-0.05 Ra).这表明芙蓉锡矿田成矿流体中的He具壳幔两端元混合的特点.该区一致的硫、锶及其他证据也都表明, 深部地幔物质确实参与了该区锡的成矿.骑田岭岩体属造山期后张性环境下形成的A型花岗岩类.芙蓉锡矿田就产在骑田岭岩体的内外接触带或岩体中, 其主成矿期与骑田岭岩体的形成时间相当吻合, 且两者均具壳幔两端元混合成因的特征, 所以其形成地球动力学背景可能均与中生代华南岩石圈的拉张、伸展作用密切相关.      

湖南芙蓉锡矿床锡矿石和有关花岗岩的40Ar-39Ar年龄及其地球动力学意义

在研究和介绍湖南芙蓉锡矿矿床地质特征的基础上,对云英岩型锡矿石中的白云母和与成矿有关的骑田岭角闪黑云花岗岩中的黑云母进行了40Ar-39Ar年龄测定,获得角闪黑云花岗岩的坪年龄为(157.5±0.3)Ma;三门云英岩锡矿石的坪年龄为(156.1±0.4)Ma;淘洗窝云英岩锡矿石的坪年龄(160.1±0.9)Ma.这3组测年数据很一致,不仅精确地反应出成岩成矿的时间限制,而且表明了花岗岩成岩与锡矿成矿的密切关系.此外,三组数据坪年龄一致显示出,在成岩成矿之后矿体未受到后期热事件的扰动.芙蓉锡矿床是湘南大型钨锡多金属矿集区的组成部分,也是华南地区中生代钨锡成矿两大高峰期之一的160～135 Ma期间形成的代表性矿床,可能为中国东部地球动力学体制调整时晚期岩石圈减薄过程中的产物.     

广东长埔—吉水门锡矿带某些成矿规律和矿床成因

广东长埔—吉水门锡矿带内的锡矿床(点)几乎毫无例外地赋存于下侏罗统金鸡群第二亚群中,锡矿带的展布格局和矿体的形态、产状等特征说明,锡矿受地层层位控制。锡矿带受莲花山断裂带的次一级断裂制约,矿床、矿体主要产于NE-NEE向层间滑动断裂及其派生裂隙中,锡矿具有构造定位的特征。矿床一般经历了早、晚两个成矿期,第一成矿期发生于晚侏罗世火山作用之前,第二成矿期形成于晚侏罗世末期至早白垩世。成矿物质是多来源的,但主要来自地层。金鸡群地层富含锡等成矿组分,是重要的矿源层。成矿溶液以变质水为主,并有大气降水混入。锡矿床属沉积-变成层控矿床。     

青海省锡矿成矿特征及成矿规律

锡矿是青海省找矿潜力较大的有色金属矿之一.青海锡矿成矿时代分布较为集中,主要为印支期和海西期.锡矿床与锡矿点主要分布于东昆仑成矿带,成因类型主要为夕卡岩型.结合前人研究与地质资料介绍了青海地区锡矿的成矿地质背景、资源概况、矿床成因类型、控矿因素、成矿时代以及锡矿成矿带的划分,总结了青海锡矿的成矿特征及成矿规律,并对青海锡矿下一步找矿的研究提出了建议.     

湘南骑田岭锡矿成矿规律探讨

骑田岭地区位于炎陵-郴州-蓝山北东向基底构造岩浆岩带中部,是南岭中段多金属成矿带的重要组成部分。现已查明111—333锡资源量101.3×104t,近期又发现了具超大型找矿前景的芙蓉锡矿田。锡矿类型可分为气化高温热液型锡矿、高—中温热液型锡矿、次火山热液型锡矿及冲积型砂锡矿四大类7个亚类,构成了一个较完整的成矿系列。各类锡矿是多次构造-岩浆活动综合作用的产物,燕山早期晚阶段及燕山晚期早阶段是主成矿期。特殊的地质构造背景造就了区内锡矿“带状分布、成群产出、等距展布”的空间分布规律,也展示了巨大的找矿潜力。     

青海省锡矿成矿特征及成矿规律

锡矿是青海省找矿潜力较大的有色金属矿之一.青海锡矿成矿时代分布较为集中，主要为印支期和海西期.锡矿床与锡矿点主要分布于东昆仑成矿带，成因类型主要为夕卡岩型.结合前人研究与地质资料介绍了青海地区锡矿的成矿地质背景、资源概况、矿床成因类型、控矿因素、成矿时代以及锡矿成矿带的划分，总结了青海锡矿的成矿特征及成矿规律，并对青海锡矿下一步找矿的研究提出了建议.     

湖南芙蓉锡多金属矿床氢、氧、碳同位素地球化学

芙蓉锡多金属矿床是新近发现的具有巨大找矿潜力的超大型锡多金属矿床,矿体主要分布在骑田岭复式岩体南部与地层的接触带上.骑田岭花岗岩并不同于以往的陆壳改造型的含锡花岗岩,而是属于A型花岗岩.近年来许多地质学者对芙蓉锡多金属矿床开展了大量的矿床地质、成矿年代学、成矿物质和成矿流体性质及来源研究并取得重要进展.但是有关成矿流体和成矿物质的来源还存在争议,一种观点认为芙蓉锡矿成矿流体主要来源于骑田岭花岗岩浆作用过程中分异出来的岩浆期后热液流体(Li等,2006);另一种观点则认为成矿流体主要为经过水-岩反应后的大气降水(Zhao等,2005).     

湖南骑田岭白腊水锡矿围岩蚀变与矿化关系浅析

白腊水锡矿是骑田岭芙蓉矿田的重要组成部分,与锡矿化有关的围岩蚀变有钠长石化、绿泥石化、矽卡岩化、云英岩化、黑（绿）鳞云母化、萤石化等.以野外观观察和镜下分析为基础,结合矿体中石英包裹体的化学成分研究和绿泥石的电子探针分析结果,认为钠长石化、绿泥石化、复杂矽卡岩化和云英岩化与区内锡的成矿关系最为密切,蚀变强度与矿化强度呈正相关关系.     

Helium Isotope Geochemistry of Ore-forming Fluids from Furong Tin Orefield in Hunan Province, China

Abstract. The Furong tin orefield, located in southern Hunan, China, is a newly-discovered super-large tin orefield. In contrast to most other tin deposits associated with S-type granites, the Furong tin deposit is closely associated with the Qitianling A-type granite. The ³He/⁴He ratios of fluid inclusions in pyrite and arsenopyrite from this orefield range from 0.13 to 2.95 Ra. The influence of various post-mineralization processes on the helium isotopic composition of ore-forming fluid inclusions are estimated negligible. Thus, the analytical values of helium isotopic composition basically represent the original values of ore-forming fluids at the time they were trapped.
The ³He/⁴He ratios of ore-forming fluids from the Furong orefield indicate the existence of mantle-source components. It supports the idea that both the Furong tin orefield and Qitianling granite formed under the geodynamic background of mantle upwelling and crustal extension.     

骑田岭芙蓉锡矿田矿床地质特征及矿床成因

芙蓉矿田锡矿体产于骑田岭复式花岗岩体中,受NE向断裂构造的控制。锡矿类型主要有云英岩型、矽卡岩型、蚀变岩体型、构造蚀变带型及构造蚀变带-矽卡岩复合型等。在阐述区域锡矿成矿地质背景的基础上,划分了成矿期次,探讨了矿床成因机理及找矿模型,认为区内锡矿成矿与岩浆岩多期多阶段演化分异和构造活动密切相关。     

^40Ar-^39Ar Isotopic Dating of the Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic Orefield in Southern Hunan, China and Its Geological Implications

The Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic orefield in Hunan Province, southern China, is a large-size tin orefield. Although numerous studies have been undertaken on this orefield, its genesis, mineralization age, and tectonic setting are still controversial, mainly because of the lack of reliable geochronological data on tin mineralization. The 40Ar/39Ar stepwise heating dating method was first employed on muscovite from different deposits in this orefield. The muscovite sample from the Xianghualing Sn-polymetallic deposit defines a plateau age of 154.4±1.1 Ma and an isochron age of 151.9±3.0 Ma; muscovite from the Xianghuapu W-polymetallic deposit yields a plateau age of 161.3±1.1 Ma and an isochron age of 160.0±3.2 Ma; muscovite from the Jianfengling greisen-type Sn-polymetallic deposit gives a plateau age of 158.7±1.2 Ma and an isochron age of 160.3±3.2 Ma. The tungsten-tin mineralization ages in the Xianghualing area are therefore restricted within 150-160 Ma. The tungsten -tin mineralization in Xianghualing occurred at the same time as the regional tin-tungsten mineralization including the Furong tin orefield, Shizhuyuan tungsten-tin polymetallic deposit and Yaogangxian tungsten-polymetallic deposit. Thus, the large-scale tungsten-tin metallogenesis in South China occurring at 160-150 Ma. probably is closely related to asthenospheric upwelling and crust-mantle interaction under a geodynamic setting of crustal extension and lithosphere thinning during the transformation of tectonic regimes during the Mid-Late Jurassic.     

湖南骑田岭芙蓉矿田锡矿地质特征及控矿因素初步分析

湖南骑田岭芙蓉矿田是近几年发现的超大型规模的锡多金属矿田，目前 已发现锡矿脉（体）40多条，锡矿类型有构造蚀变带型、蚀变岩体型、云英岩型、斑岩型、夕卡岩型、石英脉型、冲积型等多种。该矿田可划分为白腊水－安源、黑山里－麻子坪、山门口－狗头岭3个北东向锡矿带。本文在介绍矿田地质背景的基础上，对矿田锡矿地质特征进行了初步总结，对其控矿因素进行了初步分析，认为该区可望成为世界级锡矿资源基地。     

Geological Characteristics of the Furong Tin Orefield, Hunan,~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar Dating of Tin Ores and Related Granite and Its Geodynamic Significance for Rock and Ore Formation

Furong, Hunan, is a large tin orefield discovered in China in recent years, which is mainly of the skarn-greisen-chlorite type. On the basis of the geological characteristics of the orefield, 40Ar-39Ar dating was performed on muscovite from greisen-type tin ore and biotite from related amphibole-biotite granite, which yielded three sets of age data, i.e., a plateau age of 157.5±0.3 Ma and an isochron age of 156.9±3 Ma for amphibole-biotite granite; a plateau age of 156.1±0.4 Ma and an isochron age of 155.7±1.7 Ma for the Sanmen greisen-type tin ore; and a plateau age of 160.1±0.9 Ma and an isochron age of 157.5±1.5 Ma for the Taoxiwo greisen-type tin ore. The three sets of age data coincide well with each other. They not only accurately reflect the timing of rock and ore formation but also indicate close relations between granite and tin deposits. In addition, the plateau ages of all three sets suggest that no subsequent thermal perturbation event occurred after the formation of granite and tin dep     

In situ LA-MC-ICP-MS and ID-TIMS U–Pb geochronology of cassiterite in the giant Furong tin deposit, Hunan Province, South China: New constraints on the timing of tin–polymetallic mineralization

The Furong deposit, located in southern Hunan Province, China, is a newly-discovered giant tin deposit spatially associated with the A-type Qitianling granite. The petrogenetic link between the giant Furong tin deposit and the Qitianling granite batholith remains controversial because of the lack of precise dating for the tin–polymetallic mineralization. Here we report for the first time in-situ U–Pb data on cassiterite obtained by LA-MC-ICP-MS and the results are compared to ID-TIMS data. The in-situ LA-MC-ICP-MS analyses of the cassiterites provide a reliable age constraint for tin–polymetallic mineralization in the Furong deposit, yielding an isochron age of 159.9 ± 1.9 Ma (at 95% confidence level, MSWD = 18), which is indistinguishable from the ID-TIMS ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U weighted mean age of 158.2 ± 0.4 Ma. The in situ U–Pb ages corroborate the Ar–Ar dates published for the Furong tin deposit, which indicate that the mineralization is coeval with the emplacement of the Qitianling granite batholith. These results provide further evidence of a close temporal link between the pluton's emplacement and tin mineralization in the Furong area. The data obtained clearly demonstrate that in-situ LA-MC-ICP-MS U–Pb dating of cassiterite is a robust geochronometer for direct dating of tin–polymetallic mineralization.     

The first discovery of axinite in the Furong tin deposit,southern Hunan: An important boron -bearing mineral and its implications for tin mineralizationSCIEI北大核心CSCD

世界上绝大部分锡矿床均与富F、Cl、Li、B等挥发份的高分异花岗岩有关,前人对F、Cl、Li等组份在花岗质岩浆演化及锡成矿过程中的作用已有较为深入的认识,但对挥发份B关注较少。南岭中段的芙蓉超大型锡矿床是我国重要锡矿产地,我们首次在该矿床发现了硼硅酸盐矿物中罕见的斧石,为研究挥发份B对锡成矿的作用提供了机会。通过详细的岩石学、矿物学和地球化学研究,揭示了斧石的产出特征、晶体结构和化学成分特征,进而探讨了挥发份B与该区花岗岩成岩成矿的关系。芙蓉锡矿床新发现的斧石为丁香褐色、块状构造、硬度较大,显微镜下呈无色、浅黄色等,主要为自形尖劈状的楔形、长条状等自形结构、正高突起、干涉色较低,与符山石、萤石、石榴子石、榍石等矿物共生。电子探针分析表明,芙蓉矿床的斧石属铁斧石,其平均化学式为Ca_(2.22)(Fe_(0.52),Mn_(0.41),Mg_(0.13))1.06Al_(2.11)B_(0.72)Si_(3.98)O_(15.5)。结合前人研究成果,芙蓉矿床斧石、电气石、硼镁铁矿等富B矿物的广泛产出,指示了骑田岭花岗岩富含挥发份B;硅酸盐熔体中挥发份B的存在,能降低岩浆粘度,增加岩浆的结晶分异程度,延长岩浆寿命,进而有利于Sn等不相容元素在岩浆演化过程中向残余熔体富集。B与锡成矿的关系密切,岩浆中的B能提高源区Sn的萃取效率,增加原始岩浆中Sn的含量;B能形成锡的络合物,有利于锡的长距离运移;B与Sn具有相似的地球化学行为,在岩浆演化过程中,富集于残余熔体中,进一步演化后富集于成矿流体中。此外,在芙蓉锡矿床,随着含B矿物的不断被发现,表明该矿床可能具有寻找伴生硼矿的潜力。