云南省惠民铁矿床地球物理找矿模型及资源量估算

通过对惠民铁矿床所在区域、地区、位置三个不同层次的重、磁场特征进行研究,建立了澜沧惠民铁矿床的地球物理找矿模型.结合已验证的钻孔资料及矿石参数,用磁异常拟合体积法求取了76线C1、C2磁异常的资源量,用类比法对矿区其他磁异常进行了资源量估算,与已探明的资源量相比,该矿区尚有一定的找矿潜力.     

钟姑地区典型矿床的重磁找矿模式

钟姑地区位于宁芜中生代火山岩盆地南段,已发现有白象山铁矿等多个大型铁矿,是长江中下游成矿带以玢岩型铁矿为主的矿集区。本文以钟姑地区实测岩石物性参数为桥梁,以实测重磁数据为基础,分析了该区白象山铁矿、钟九铁矿和云楼铁矿的重磁场分布特征,并根据典型矿区已知地质条件,运用成熟的2.5D重磁联合反演技术进行计算,从定量角度认识铁矿体深部发育形态、位置与重磁异常之间对应关系,建立钟姑地区白象山铁矿等典型矿床的重磁找矿模式,为该区进一步找矿突破提供地球物理场信息。     

Lithologic boundaries from gravity and magnetic anomalies over Proterozoic Dalma volcanics

Dalma volcanics (DVs) has intruded the older Singhbhum Group of Metapelites. Despite DVs being rich in mineralisation, its boundaries are not clearly demarcated. Gravity and magnetic surveys have been attempted for mapping the boundaries in DVs. These surveys were made in the northern fringe of the DVs over an area of \(\sim \)0.70 \(\hbox {km}^{2}\) along 13 parallel lines at 50 m spacing. The data was acquired at \(\sim \)25 \(\hbox {m}\) spacing. The surveys were taken for determination of lithological boundaries, depths and nature of causative source using Euler depth solutions and radially averaged power spectrum (RAPS). Residual anomaly maps of gravity and magnetic intensity show the same trend as that of Bouguer gravity anomaly and total magnetic intensity anomaly map indicating towards shallow sources. The magnetic map in general follows the same pattern as that of gravity anomaly maps. The map shows coincident high gravity and magnetic anomalies. These anomalies together with resistivity signatures confirm that the northern fringe of DVs hosts volcanogenic massive sulphide settings. The Euler depth solution delineated the lateral boundaries and nature of the source. It seems that the source is of spherical nature lying within a depth range of 25–40 m. The obtained lithological (vertical) units from RAPS are between Lower DVs, Upper DVs and Singhbhum Group Metapelites at depths of \(\sim \)15, \(~\sim \)25 and \(\sim \)40 \(\hbox {m}\), respectively. The metallogeny is associated with the Upper DVs and the corresponding delineated lithological (vertical) unit is indicative of the top of the ore body. Good agreement is observed with the geological succession from the drilling data and resistivity data. The findings suggest that the northern fringe of DVs could be a preferred target for drilling.     

辽宁省灯塔市大达连沟铁矿地质特征

辽宁省灯塔市大达连沟铁矿床位于灯塔市铧子镇,为一隐伏的大型铁矿床,埋深为1 360~1 430m,已控制矿体走向延长1 600m,倾斜延深580m,平均厚度为127m。矿体呈陡立厚板状体,夹石很少,为单一矿体。矿石自然类型为透闪-阳起磁铁石英岩,工业类型为弱磁性铁矿石。矿石品位在走向和垂向上基本稳定,mFe随着深度增加而减少,有害组分含量低。矿床为典型的鞍山式铁矿床,成因类型属沉积-变质型铁矿床。     

安丘市夹河套铁矿地质特征及找矿远景分析

安丘市夹河套铁矿属沉积变质型磁铁矿床。铁矿产于古元古代粉子山群中,受小宋组二段底部含铁岩系的控制。通过对成矿地质背景及矿床地质特征的分析,指出现已圈定的2个铁矿体在其深部仍未圈闭,且夹河套西南、东北区段及潍河东岸等地具有较大范围的磁异常,从而为进一步选择靶区,扩大资源远景提供了依据。     

喀拉通克铜镍矿物化探方法的应用效果

在1:20万航空磁测中仅发现小而弱的磁异常,在地表发现了铁帽,并在铁帽下发现了铜矿化的基性岩后,通过地表磁测,发现磁异常,经钻探发现了致密块状铜镍矿.选用重力、磁测、激发极化法及化探土壤测量等方法进行工作,获得明显的综合异常,指导了钻探工程的正确部署,钻到了工业矿体.     

高精度磁测在冀东峪耳崖金矿找矿中的应用

在野外1∶1万地质测量、井下大量坑道观察和编录基础上,对冀东峪耳崖金矿床矿区1∶1万高精度磁法测量数据进行化极、延拓、求导处理,将峪耳崖矿区的高磁异常划分为低缓正异常场、低缓负异常场和中高正异常场3种场区,解译出不同方向线性断裂构造31条,以北东向、北西向构造为主,构成矿区构造格架;磁化极异常进行4个高度50 m、100 m、200 m、500 m垂向二阶导数计算,形态受北东向、北西向及南北向构造综合控制,沿北东方向带状分布。结合已知矿体的构造控矿规律及岩体控矿特征,确定区内成矿远景区圈定依据为成矿磁性体形态、产状变化地段;北东向构造面与北西向、南北向、东西向构造交汇复合部位;黄铁矿化、硅化、大理岩化及绢云母化等蚀变发育部位。     

安徽省濉溪县杨桥孜铜金矿重磁异常特征

杨桥孜铜金矿是皖北覆盖区以地质理论为指导通过综合物探手段发现的一处中型矽卡岩型矿床。该矿床是皖北地区迄今为止发现的规模最大金矿床,对三铺岩体成矿预测、皖北地区找矿、研究华北陆块找金方向具有重要意义,为覆盖区综合找矿方法提供了成功经验。重磁勘探在该矿床的发现过程中发挥了重要作用,重磁组合异常特征倍受关注。杨桥孜金铜矿位于重力梯级带的次级鼻状重力高异常区,重力二阶导数异常与矿体分布相吻合;地磁场以正异常为背景,局部叠加明显的强磁异常,强磁异常与铁矿体分布一致,铜金矿体对应于磁力梯级带。重高磁高、重高磁梯组合异常在矿床普查过程中发挥了作用。     

Genesis of superimposed hypogene and supergene Fe orebodies in BIF at the Madoonga deposit, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia

The Madoonga iron ore body hosted by banded iron formation (BIF) in the Weld Range greenstone belt of Western Australia is a blend of four genetically and compositionally distinct types of high-grade (>55 wt% Fe) iron ore that includes: (1) hypogene magnetite–talc veins, (2) hypogene specular hematite–quartz veins, (3) supergene goethite–hematite, and (4) supergene-modified, goethite–hematite-rich detrital ores. The spatial coincidence of these different ore types is a major factor controlling the overall size of the Madoonga ore body, but results in a compositionally heterogeneous ore deposit. Hypogene magnetite–talc veins that are up to 3 m thick and 50 m long formed within mylonite and shear zones located along the limbs of isoclinal, recumbent F₁ folds. Relative to least-altered BIF, the magnetite–talc veins are enriched in Fe₂O_3(total), P₂O₅, MgO, Sc, Ga, Al₂O₃, Cl, and Zr; and depleted in SiO₂ and MnO₂. Mafic igneous countryrocks located within 10 m of the northern contact of the mineralised BIF display the replacement of primary igneous amphibole and plagioclase, and metamorphic chlorite by hypogene ferroan chlorite, talc, and magnetite. Later-forming, hypogene specular hematite–quartz veins and their associated alteration halos partly replace magnetite–talc veins in BIF and formed during, to shortly after, the F₂-folding and tilting of the Weld Range tectono-stratigraphy. Supergene goethite–hematite ore zones that are up to 150 m wide, 400 m long, and extend to depths of 300 m replace least-altered BIF and existing hypogene alteration zones. The supergene ore zones formed as a result of the circulation of surface oxidised fluids through late NNW- to NNE-trending, subvertical brittle faults. Flat-lying, supergene goethite–hematite-altered, detrital sediments are concentrated in a paleo-topographic depression along the southern side of the main ENE-trending ridge at Madoonga. Iron ore deposits of the Weld Range greenstone belt record remarkably similar deformation histories, overprinting hypogene alteration events, and high-grade Fe ore types to other Fe ore deposits in the wider Yilgarn Craton (e.g. Koolyanobbing and Windarling deposits) despite these Fe camps being presently located more than 400 km apart and in different tectono-stratigraphic domains. Rather than the existence of a synchronous, Yilgarn-wide, Fe mineralisation event affecting BIF throughout the Yilgarn, it is more likely that these geographically isolated Fe ore districts experienced similar tectonic histories, whereby hypogene fluids were sourced from commonly available fluid reservoirs (e.g. metamorphic, magmatic, or both) and channelled along evolving structures during progressive deformation, resulting in several generations of Fe ore.     

在第四系覆盖区如何辨别基性岩体与铁矿引起的重磁异常

铁矿勘查工作采用重、磁手段一般非常有效,但在第四系覆盖区有基性岩体存在情况下,就会产生较强的重磁干扰,往往造成误判,因此,区分基性岩体与铁矿引起的重磁异常成为勘查工作的关键。以滦南杜蒿坨铁矿勘查为例,通过对磁法资料和重力资料的处理、解释,分析了基性岩体重磁异常特征及对铁矿异常的掩盖作用,总结了辨别铁矿异常的方法。并经钻探验证这些方法可靠和适用,在今后铁矿勘查工作中有一定的指导意义。     

高精度磁法测量在龙岩马坑铁矿中的应用

根据高精度磁法测量在龙岩马坑铁矿磁异常的分布情况,圈定测区东南段为规模较大的正负伴生异常,大致以官寮坑—太保林为界,东南为正异常,西北为负异常.走向北东,西南向未闭合.△T磁异常长度大于3 200 m,宽度800～2 300m.通过磁异常反演情况推测地下磁性体呈板状体,埋深在标高-200～-400 m,磁性体厚度约30 m,倾角约30°.经钻孔验证,磁铁矿体出现在标高-200～-400m,视厚度30.68 m.根据地质验证结果,工作区东南部的△T磁异常证实是由地下磁铁矿体所致,从而证实了高精度磁法在寻找磁铁矿床具有较高的应用效果.     

辽宁本溪大台沟铁矿地质特征

本溪大台沟铁矿床位于本溪市桥头镇,是近年来发现的最大的鞍山式铁矿床。该矿床为隐伏的超大型铁矿床,埋深1100～1200m,已控制矿体延长2000m,最大延深840m,最宽处1100m。矿体总体为近直立的厚板状体,夹石很少,为单一矿体。矿石类型为磁铁石英岩(磁铁矿石)、赤铁石英岩(赤铁矿石)及其过渡类型的磁铁赤铁石英岩(混合矿石)。矿石品位较均匀,矿床有害杂质含量低。初步估算333+332类资源量约34亿t。     

河北省铁矿分布与重磁场特征的关系

在河北省铁矿资源潜力评价及成矿预测中,对重力场、磁场特征进行了总结和归纳,认为规模较大的航磁正异常主要是出露或隐伏侵入岩基的反映;大面积分布的低缓正磁异常区则主要反映了太古宙变质岩系或基底隆起的边缘,沉积变质型铁矿主要密集分布在此区域;负磁场区主要出现在中上元古界、古生界碳酸盐岩和中生界酸性火山—沉积岩系;强度高、梯度大、或有明显负值伴生的局部磁异常则可能是磁性铁矿的反映。从重力场特征看,磁性铁矿主要分布在布格重力异常的梯级带或异常扭曲处,以及正、负异常的交界处,这些地方多与地质构造强烈变形密切相关。只有对重磁场进行深入地质剖析,结合典型矿床上建立的识别标志进行对比分析,才能得出一个符合客观实际的地质解释。     

内蒙古镶黄旗道郎和都格矿区钨多金属成矿地质背景与综合定位预测方法

郎和都格矿区地表沙土和草原覆盖严重,直接寻找钨多金属矿的信息较少。地质地球化学研究结果表明,与钨多金属矿关系密切的是早白垩世钾长花岗岩,赋矿围岩主要是二叠纪辉石闪长岩。根据围岩与矿体之间的物性差异,完成了矿区1∶1万地质填图、磁法和重力测量,对数据进行重磁联合反演,识别出3条走向北东、长度800～3 000 m、宽度50～100 m的重要的构造蚀变带（分别对应于负磁异常带）,均分布在矿区西北侧的辉石闪长岩中,且平行于辉石闪长岩和钾长花岗岩的接触带。预测了6个综合物探异常区,也位于矿区西北侧的辉石闪长岩分布区,单个异常面积为500 800 m²,异常深度不超过1 000 m。经钻探工程验证,在3个异常部位发现了隐伏的构造破碎带型钨多金属找矿靶区,钨多金属矿体埋藏深度为150～650 m,单个矿体厚度为2～4 m。表明成矿地质条件分析与重磁联合反演相结合的定位预测方法,在覆盖区寻找钨矿效果明显,值得进一步推广。     

应用重磁方法勘查铁矿的效果——以辽宁建昌县马道铁矿为例

文章运用重磁方法以辽宁建昌县马道铁矿找矿为例,说明了重磁法的找矿效果,特别指出重力、磁法的科学组合是勘查评价铁矿、区分磁异常性质、寻找富铁矿的有效综合找矿方法。通过对一磁异常进行重新解释和评价,最终验证该异常为一大型鞍山式沉积变质磁铁矿引起的。同时说明GIS、MRAS计算技术模拟、判别分析等现代先进勘探技术的综合运用,是在老矿山的深部和外围铁矿勘查过程中的重要手段。因此,在对危机矿山的研究中,对如何加深地球物理异常的解释和评价等问题,应予以高度重视。     

邯邢式铁矿深部探测技术及综合找矿模式研究——以河北省沙河市白涧铁矿床为例

邯邢式铁矿是中国著名的铁矿类型之一.近年来,在邯邢地区采用深钻对白涧铁矿低缓磁异常区进行了验证,在孔深592.74～1 040.52 m处发现了厚度大、埋藏深、规模大、品位高的隐伏邯邢式铁矿,表明该区具有深部找矿的巨大潜力.通过对白涧矿区的综合找矿探测方法技术的应用研究和对白涧铁矿深部隐伏铁矿的预测分析,证实了高精度重、磁方法相结合是寻找该类铁矿最有效的方法.EH-4电磁测深方法通过探测深部隐伏岩体的起伏变化,进而预测和发现盲矿体,是一种间接预测隐伏矿分布的有效方法.针对邯邢地区地表及地下均存在不同程度的重、磁、电干扰,该研究加强了实地干扰源的详细调查和室内资料的相关滤波、圆滑处理、位场的转换、异常正反演解释的研究工作,认为加强赋矿地层、构造、岩浆岩、围岩蚀变和重、磁综合异常"五位一体"的深部综合找矿模式,是寻找邯邢式铁矿深部矿体的有效方法.     

秘鲁MARIELA铁矿床的矿床特征与磁异常的分形解释

MARIELA磁铁矿矿床位于秘鲁南部成矿带上。矿体主要赋存于侏罗纪闪长岩体中,富矿体呈透镜状、脉状产出,而品位较低的矿石为浸染状和细脉状。矿石主要由阳起石(透辉石)-磁铁矿和磷灰石-磁铁矿组成,磁铁矿中V含量较高。该矿床具有玢岩型铁矿的特征,为岩浆期后热液交代充填成矿。运用多重分形理论建立模型,将地面磁异常分为低值异常与中值异常2级,它们分别作为一级找矿靶区和二级找矿靶区,较好地解释了已知矿体与磁异常的吻合关系,为下一步找矿提供了依据。     

山东单县覆盖区铁矿特征及找矿方向研究

鲁西南单县地区赋存沉积变质型铁矿,近年来,该地区铁矿找矿取得了较大的进展。为了更好地指导区内铁矿勘查工作,通过介绍单县地区铁矿地质特征、地球物理特征,剖析大刘庄铁矿床、龙王庙铁矿的矿床特征,建立找矿标志,并对今后铁矿找矿方向进行研究。单县大刘庄、龙王庙铁矿赋存于新太古代泰山岩群山草峪组中;铁矿体总体呈层状、似层状,局部呈透镜状,铁矿体产状与围岩一致。通过分析认为,区内的铁矿总体受山草峪组控制,构造、侵入岩对铁矿有破坏作用。经过对重磁测量成果分析,总体认为磁异常及其化极明显部位是区内铁矿勘查中最重要的指示标志,重力梯度带是铁矿赋存的重点位置。通过对以往勘查成果的综合分析认为,辛羊庙异常区应为今后铁矿勘查工作的首选地区。     

安徽凤凰山岩体岩浆侵位过程的磁性研究

通过对安徽省铜陵地区凤凰山岩体25个采样点302件岩石样品的磁性分析,认为研究区内所得的岩石磁组构能代表岩浆侵位时的流动型磁组构,它受岩浆形成之后的构造活动的影响较小;岩浆侵位过程是准静态过程,岩浆流动性较弱、分异作用和同化混染作用强烈;岩浆侵位过程的早期可能受北北东方向的最大主压应力的控制,后期受西南方向最大主压应力场的控制;凤凰山岩体的西南部(药园山矿床所在地段)是岩体的上盘,北东部(仙人冲矿床所在地)是岩体的下盘,即凤凰山岩体向西南方向倾伏;凤凰山岩体的西南部附近地区(如来龙山等地),可能有与凤凰山岩体侵位同时期形成的小岩株,是找矿的远景区段。     

Gravity three-dimensional (3D) inversion and deep ore prospecting potential in Qinglong-Dachang ore concentration area in Guizhou Province

Qinglong-Dacalhang ore concentration area is one of the important antimony deposit areas in Guizhou Province, and the fault structures and magnetic activities have great influence on the antimony mineralization. Based on gravity data, geology, mineral and geochemical data, the authors analyzed the fault structures and 3D morphology of granite body synthetically, by processing and inverting the gravity data in this paper. Combined with the condition the fault structures, shape of the rock body and geology, mineral and Sb-Au element anomalies, the authors also deduced that the deep faults and shallow faults provided a migration pathway for the magmatic hydrothermal fluids and controlled the top surface of the rock body. The limestone of Maokou Formation, Emeishan Basalt and fault structures were well developed in Dachang-Bihen area of the clamping area between fault F8 and F11, along with fault F11. The Sb-Au element anomalies were high, with large scale, which were a favorable region for deep ore prospecting. This research would provide the geophysical basis for deep ore prospecting.