关于卵石地层“粘聚力”的分析、探讨及原位剪切试验成果分析、验证

通过对卵石地层的结构进行深入分析,认为其所具有的特殊结构会产生"粘聚力"的效果。同时,通过对卵石地层进行原位剪切试验,其测试成果"粘聚力"不等于0,且数值显著,由此,进一步证明需对卵石地层的"粘聚力"进行重新认识、合理取值。     

酒泉镜铁山铁矿锰的赋存状态及其对选冶工艺的影响

酒泉镜铁山铁矿锰的赋存状态及其对选冶工艺的影响王林秋陈奉周（酒泉钢铁公司，甘肃酒泉７３５０００）关键词锰赋存状态选冶工艺甘肃酒泉铁矿镜铁山铁矿是我国矿石类型独特的大型坑采矿山。矿石含锰较高，且对选别精矿铁品位有一定的影响。但其对钢铁冶炼工艺及性能是有...     

黑鹰山富矿脱磷试验研究

黑鹰山富矿脱磷试验研究刘金长（酒泉钢铁厂，甘肃酒泉７３５０００）关键词富铁矿脱磷可选性研究酒泉钢铁厂黑鹰山铁矿是酒钢的富矿基地。矿石铁品位在５５％以上，但含磷偏高，从而限制了矿石在高炉中的使用量。目前，矿石仅在高炉中不定期少量配入使用，致使矿山发展受...     

甘肃酒泉Q_(y1)钻孔磁性地层划分与对比

甘肃第四纪地质研究取得了丰硕成果，但因各家对第四纪地层划分的原则和依据不统一及其他原因，致使第四纪划分的一些基本问题尚无统一意见。为建立河西走廊地层层序，本文依据酒泉Ｑｙ１钻孔磁性地层特征、热释光测试成果、１４Ｃ资料及岩石地层特征进行地层划分。依据区域地质资料和古地磁成果，确定第四纪下限为２．４８Ｍａ，中更新世下限为０．７３Ｍａ，晚更新世下限为０．２０Ｍａ，全新世下限为０．０１２Ｍａ。     

酒泉盆地水资源转化研究

甘肃河西地区人类的生存发展对水资源的依赖性很高,且对水资源影响频繁,本地区"降水～地表水～土壤水～地下水"之间的水量转化关系复杂,难以直接观测到各种水的量及变化规律。由于观测资料缺乏,水资源转化规律及模型的研究一直是一个难题。选取观测资料(1982-2005年)相对完备且具有代表性的酒泉盆地,从盆地水资源系统转化机理和转化规律入手,利用水均衡的观点,提出酒泉盆地水资源转化关系模型,分析得出水资源使用状况,并对地下水的开采使用情况提出了建议。     

西北某石墨矿的可选性初步研究

西北某石墨矿的可选性初步研究唐晓玲陈毅琳（酒泉钢铁厂，甘肃酒泉７３５０００）关键词石墨矿石性质选矿试验矿区出露地层除第四系全新统坡积层外，其余全部为前震旦系敦煌群的变质岩。矿区为一向斜构造，层间小褶皱及断裂极为发育。石墨石英片岩分布于向斜构造的核部。...     

青藏高原东北部武威盆地古近纪——新近纪地层划分及其构造意义

武威盆地位于青藏高原东北缘近东西向和近南北向构造转换的过渡地带,是研究青藏高原生长和资源环境效应的关键地区。通过野外考察,以岩石颜色变化为依据,结合区域磁性地层测年结果,对武威盆地西南部出露的原第三系西柳沟组和甘肃群进行了重新划分。原古近系西柳沟组解体为下白垩统河口群、西柳沟组、黄羊河组（新建）和咸水河组,原甘肃群更名为咸水河组。武威盆地地层系统与酒泉盆地古近系—新近系不同,但与兰州盆地相当,地层年代属中始新世—中中新世;武威盆地与兰州盆地发生的时间接近,早期处于同一构造体系,在中新世以后被卷入祁连山北缘冲断带。研究结果为认识青藏高原东北缘沉积—构造演化和油气资源远景提供了基础资料。     

驼马滩盆地含煤地层时代的厘定与我国北方早白垩世含煤地层对比

甘肃境内有经济意义的早白垩世含煤地层原先仅知是陇南的东河群。1984—1985年间甘肃省地矿局酒泉地调队在对肃北蒙古族自治县马宗山区公婆泉乡管辖的驼马滩盆地进行煤田地质工作时,向笔者所在单位采送了不少孢粉样品,经段文海鉴定的73个样品中有23属32种,总计8187粒孢粉。取得了含煤地层时代为早白垩世的证据,随之认定了甘肃境内第二个有工业价值的含煤沉积。这一孢粉组合发现并不局限于说明地层时代,而对阐述古气候、探讨古环境、进行区域间地层对比,研究我国含煤地层的时空分布也有着不同程度的意义。     

关于甘肃西部含油远景及勘探经验教训的探讨

甘肃西部共28个沉积盆地(图1)。总面积45万平方公里,沉积岩面积约15万平方公里。勘探工作自1930年开始,解放前仅在老君庙、青土井、海石湾作过少量工作,解放后广泛进行了勘探。已找到油田,并有一定规模的地质储量。回顾甘肃西部特别是酒泉西部盆地的勘探历程,有许多经验教训值得总结。本     

甘肃某多金属成矿带地质构造特征

甘肃某多金属成矿带位于祁吕—贺兰山字型构造西翼的中西段,河西系酒泉—青海湖沉降带的北侧,酒泉金佛寺花岗岩体与志留系侵入接触带中.该多金属成矿带长达十几公里.主要为钨钼铅锌铜等多金属矿产.     

Geochemistry and fore-arc evolution of upper mantle peridotites in the Cryogenian Bir Umq ophiolite,Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

The Bir Umq ophiolite is one of the most important ophiolitic successions in the Arabian Shield, and represents an excellent case for the study of the tectonomagmatic evolution of the earliest Precambrian events in the juvenile part of the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS). It is a dismembered ophiolite, which includes a serpentinized peridotite with small amounts of gabbro and mélange, and is overlain by the Sumayir formation. The mantle section of the Bir Umq ophiolite has been pervasively sheared and folded during its emplacement and is extensively serpentinized, carbonated and silicified, resulting in the common development of magnesite and listwaenite along the shear zones. Listwaenite occurs in the form of upstanding ridges due to its resistance to erosion. Antigorite is the main serpentine mineral, which, however, has low amounts of lizardite and chrysotile, indicating that the present serpentinites formed by prograde metamorphism. The ophiolitic rocks of Bir Umq have undergone regional metamorphism up to the greenschist to amphibolite facies. The presence of mesh and bastite textures indicates harzburgite and dunite protoliths. The serpentinized peridotite preserves rare relicts of primary minerals such as olivine, pyroxene and Cr-spinel. The serpentinized ultramafics of Bir Umq have high Mg# [molar Mg/(Mg+Fe²⁺); 0.90–0.93), low CaO, and Al₂O₃ contents similar to that of the environment of the suprasubduction zone. Additionally, they are characterized by the depletion of some compatible trace elements (e.g., Nb, Sr, Ta, Zr, Hf and REE), but show a wide variation in the Rb and Ba. Moreover, they are enriched in some elements that have affinities for Mg-rich minerals such as Ni, Cr, V, and Co. Fresh relics of olivine have high Fo (av. 0.91) and NiO (av. 0.42) contents, similar to those in the mantle olivine. The fresh Cr-spinel has high Cr# (0.68) and low TiO₂ content (av. 0.11), similar to those in modern fore-arc peridotites. The composition of both orth- and clinopyroxenes confirms the fore-arc affinity of the studied ultramafics. The present study indicates that the protoliths of the serpentinized ultramafics of Bir Umq have high partial melt degrees, which is consistent with the characteristics of ultramafic rocks formed in a subarc environment (fore-arc) within a suprasubduction zone system.     

The temporal-spatial variation of water resources constraint on urbanization in the northwestern China: examples from the Gansu section of west Longhai–Lanxin economic zone

Based on more than 2,000 data points reflecting various meaningful aspects of urban systems and water-resource systems, and using a quantitative measurement model and ArcGIS, this study discusses the temporal-spatial variations of water resources constraint on urbanization in the Gansu section of China. The conclusions were: (1) from 1989 to 2007 the water resources constraint intensities (WRCIs) of Gansu section and its 9 cities have been generally decreasing, albeit with much fluctuation, and the decrease has been more rapid since 2000, with Lanzhou and Jinchang as the most representative cities. There is, however, a great deal of variation of WRCI among the 9 cities: Lanzhou changed from intensive constraint to relatively strong constraint, with a significant decline in its WRCI; 5 cities changed from extreme constraint to intensive constraint, including Wuwei and Jiuquan with significant declines in their WRCI, Jiayuguan and Jinchang with no dramatic declines and Dingxi with a fluctuating decline; and 3 cities remained at the same level of water resources constraint, including Zhangye and Baiyin with extreme constraint, and Tianshui with intensive constraint. (2) Looking at the 20-year average of WRCI, there are three types of spatial variations among the 9 cities in the Gansu section: Lanzhou, the capital city of Gansu Province, belongs to the relatively strong constraint-high type; 4 cities—Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, Jinchang and Tianshui—belong to the intensive constraint-high type; and the remaining 4 cities—Zhangye, Wuwei, Baiyin and Dxingxi—belong to the extreme constraint-low type. These results show that the Gansu section will continue to be affected by water resources constraint on urbanization and local economic development for some time to come.     

辽东地区硼矿体赋存特征及成矿预测

辽东地区硼矿床受控于华北地台东北部大石桥-凤城-宽甸古隆起构造带.元古宇辽河群下部里尔峪组含硼岩系呈W-E、NE向、长约350 km、宽60 km的长条带状展布.硼矿体发育于里尔峪组蛇纹石化镁橄岩或蛇纹石化富镁大理岩中,具有明显的层控和岩控特征.虎皮峪-红石砬子-清河近东西向线状紧密的复式背、向斜间多期次次级的背、向斜发育,表现出明显的塑性变形.硼矿体在走向和倾向上具尖灭膨缩现象.围岩蚀变强烈.大量的电气石化使围岩中硼元素的含量偏高;蛇纹石化镁橄岩或蛇纹石化富镁大理岩的Ca/Mg比值波动极大,表明其与成矿关系十分密切;含硼岩系的厚度与矿体的关系呈正相关性,当厚度超过35 m时就有可能成矿,且厚度越大,矿体的规模和矿石质量越好.在部分地区,赋矿的褶皱构造完全倒转,有里尔峪组的层序倒转,混合岩段反转至上部,且混合岩化明显增强,形成混合岩化花岗岩,而其下部250~600 m是含硼岩系,发育优质隐伏硼矿.据辽东地区硼矿体的这些特征,推测了4个成矿远景区.     

蓝田玉石矿地质特征及成因初探

蓝田玉石矿位于陕西省蓝田县境内 ,产于中元古界宽坪岩群之大理岩带中 ,在区域上属于秦岭褶皱系之北秦岭加里东褶皱带 ,横跨纸房—永丰褶皱束和太白—商县褶皱束。该矿床主要由蛇纹石化、绿帘石化的白云质石英大理岩组成 ,其成因为区域变质—接触交代变质共同作用而形成。蓝田玉颜色花纹丰富 ,主要玉石品种有墨玉、白玉、彩玉三种     

内蒙古大青山地区孔兹岩系中大理岩岩组的地球化学特征及原岩建造

大理岩岩组是内蒙古大青山地区孔兹岩系3个岩组中最上部的一个岩组,该岩组是一套富镁质的大理岩系,以巨厚的、大面积分布的白云质大理岩的发育为特征,底部有少量碎屑岩沉积,矿物组成除白云石外,普遍含蛇纹石化橄榄石、透辉石、金云母等一种或多种富镁硅酸盐矿物。岩石地球化学以富CaO、MgO和LOI为特征,反映了碳酸盐岩的地球化学特征,CaO＋MgO含量达44.96%以上,且CaO/MgO比值较小（1.37～10.94）,其原岩应为一套碎屑含量极低的白云岩,以化学沉积为主。原岩建造的沉积环境：由初期的陆海过渡的三角洲相,过渡到滨海-浅海相,最后到干燥气候条件下有障蔽岛相隔的封闭海盆相。构造环境也从亚稳定状态过渡到稳定构造环境,表明该套变质沉积地层的原岩可能形成于被动大陆边缘,但更类似于中元古界长城系、蓟县系这样的克拉通内裂陷槽或裂谷沉积。     

Serpentinized Peridotite as Source of Aeromagnetic Anomalies

The source of long-wavelength aeromagnetic anomalies appears to originate from the eartlrs deep crust. Constrained by previous studies on geochemical, petrologic analysis, the eclogite and serpentinized peridotite samples from drill hole ZK703 at Donghai in the western Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane, East China, were unambiguously exhumed from the lower crust and the upper mantle, providing significant information about the magnetic properties of rocks at a deeper part of the crust. Results show that the serpentinization process favors the neoformation of nearly stoichiometric magnetite, resulting in the enhancement of its magnetization up to 8.6 A/m, which is sufficient enough to contribute to some magnetic anomalies. In contrast, eclogite samples have only weaker magnetization (generally less than 0.05 A/m) compared to serpentinized peridotite. Nevertheless, experiments under the lower crustal conditions are necessary to further support these conclusions.     

“一带一路”倡议背景下甘肃省城市化效率与经济发展水平时空耦合关系研究

"一带一路"倡议提出与建设为中国西部地区发展带来重大机遇。甘肃是"一带一路"倡议的重要区域。本文利用DEA模型、熵权法对甘肃省14个地州市2004年、2008年、2012年和2016年四个节点时间的城市化效率、经济发展水平进行了度量。并利用耦合度模型对两者之间的耦合协调度进行了时空分析,研究结果表明,甘肃省城市化效率在2004-2016年间处于波动中提升状态,且总体效率较低,甘肃省城市化效率值（0.441）远低于全国平均值（0.740）;2004-2016年甘肃省经济发展水平稳中有升,但与全国比较劣势明显,且省域内部经济发展差距显著;研究期内,甘肃省城市化效率与经济发展耦合协调度均处于波动上升状态,耦合度由中强度发展为高强度耦合,协调度由濒临失调发展为勉强协调。省内14个地区,嘉峪关、兰州、金昌和酒泉在四年间始终处于高水平耦合与协调状态,张掖、白银等余下十个地区的耦合协调度也由中低水平发展为中高水平,说明各地区城市化效率与经济发展水平的耦合协调度相对较好。     

Influence of igneous processes and serpentinization on geochemistry of the Logatchev Massif harzburgites (14°45′N,Mid-Atlantic Ridge), and comparison with global abyssal peridotites

We acquired bulk-rock analyses of Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) harzburgites in order to understand the influence of submarine igneous and metamorphic processes on the distribution of incompatible elements (especially rare Earth elements or REEs) in abyssal peridotites. The geochemical characteristics of these Logatchev Massif serpentinized and talc-altered harzburgites, and spatially associated metagabbros were then compared with a compilation of global abyssal peridotites. The Logatchev harzburgites show light rare earth element (LREE) enrichments (average La _N /Yb _N = 2.81), positive correlations between LREEs (e.g. La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) and high field strength elements (HFSEs; e.g. Nb and Zr), and positive correlations between HFSEs and Th. Most global abyssal peridotites show similar trends. We suggest that the systematic enrichment of incompatible elements probably reflects a post-partial fusion magmatic refertilization. The compositional scatter exhibited by some serpentinized peridotites in Nb-LREE diagrams is probably due to the elimination of diopside during partial melting and significant impregnation by a melt produced in the Opx–Ol–Sp melting field rather than to later hydrothermal alteration. The correlation between Pb and Nd observed for most global abyssal peridotites, including the Logatchev harzburgites, indicates magmatic generation. The scatter of Pb in some rocks suggests that lead is likely mobile during serpentinization or weathering. Low to moderate water/rock (W/R) ratios in the harzburgites calculated from Sr isotopic compositions (5.98–26.20 for a close system and 1.66–2.72 for an open system), and the low abundance of REEs in Logatchev hydrothermal fluids indicate that the REE contents of abyssal peridotites probably were little influenced by hydrothermal alteration. Compared to this later alteration, the presence of small proportions of gabbroic melt (from 1:30 to 1:3 in our sample) that crystallized in the residual harzburgites modified their REE patterns significantly by elevating the LREEs.     

Electrical resistivity imaging over natural (in situ) geological samples using physical model studies

To understand the characteristic responses of natural geological samples, viz., black granite, green marble, and graphite sheet, and to have “an a priori” knowledge of their physical property through electrical resistivity imaging, the physical model laboratory setup has been established to conduct scale model studies over targets of finite dimensions and resistivities. The present experiment involves IRIS make SYSCAL Pro-96 measuring system using 48 electrodes with 2-cm interelectrode separation in the laboratory model tank. In the present communication, we have presented the 2D cross section images using Wenner, Wenner–Schlumberger, and dipole–dipole array configurations over the resistive (granite, marble) and conductive (graphite) sheets. In the case of resistive target (black granite sheet, green marble), the combined usage of dipole–dipole and Wenner–Schlumberger arrays provided more accurate measures on target parameters, i.e., the combined usage of both the arrays is preferable in searching high-resistive targets beneath the low-resistive ones over burden. The shape of the resistive target (green marble sheet) is inappropriate when the thickness of the target is greater than one half of the minimum array separation. As the thickness of the target increases, the signatures of the target become feeble, and hence, the shape of the resistive target is not properly reflected in the corresponding tomogram. The response over graphite sheet indicates that the true parameters of the target are not reflected in the cross section, and the existence of the low-resistive (high-conductive) target in the host medium (water) deviates the resistivity of the medium. The target parameters from the cross section using dipole–dipole array are somewhat correlated with true parameters in the case of thin targets at shallow depths. In the case of the sequence of layers of gravel–marble gravel–sand gravel simulated in a small model tank in the physical model laboratory, the thickness of the high-resistive marble layer beneath the low-resistive gravel layer is enhanced conspicuously because of the significant resistivity contrast between gravel and marble.     

辽宁岫玉成矿规律探讨

岫玉产于辽宁省岫岩县,以其色泽艳丽,加工性能好而驰名国内外.岫岩玉石矿属层控-裂控中温热液交代矿床,元古界辽河群大石桥组富镁大理岩为原始蕴矿层.北瓦沟-王家堡子-周家堡子复式向斜为布矿和储矿构造.蛇纹石化大理岩是主要找矿标志.