Dynamic Analysis of Semi-Submersible Production Platform Under the Failure of Mooring Lines

This paper quantitatively studies the transient dynamic response of a semi-submersible production platform with the loss of one or several positioning mooring lines.A semi-submersible platform,production risers,and positioning mooring lines are all included in the numerical simulation.Increased motion of the semi-submersible platform,tension variation of the remaining mooring lines/risers and the risk of mooring line or riser clashing are all investigated through fully coupled time-domain analysis.Combined environmental loads are selected from irregular waves and the steady current varying from very rough to extreme sea conditions.Three dimension radiation/diffraction theories and Morison’s equation are applied to calculate first-order wave force and second-order mean drift force of floating semi-submersible platform.Nonlinear time-domain finite element methods are employed to analyze the behavior of mooring lines and risers.Results show that the failure of mooring lines seriously reduce the platform’s stability performance.The tension of the rest lines is also increased accordingly.Remaining lines which are closer to the failed lines will have larger tension increase to compensate.Line-Line distance provides practical information for the risk of clashing investigation.     

36.5万年以来西边界底流冰期-间冰期不稳定性与ODP 646站位(拉布拉多海)黏土级沉积碎屑Sm/Nd比率的关系

1区域概况随着气候—海洋系统模拟工作力度的加大,相关古气候改变北大西洋深层水(NADW)生产力速率的论著十分亟需。大多数作者认为整体的NADW生产力在冰期降低,他们的推断范围不完全一致。冰期更大量的南大洋水体涌入北大西洋,而且北大西洋深部对流现在已被更浅的和更南部的对流所取代。有关更新世末次冰期—间冰期旋回NADW演变,主要研究成果如下:(1)沿冰岛—苏格兰溢流水团路径从冰岛盆地采集柱状样,对其进行磁各向异性测试。变化结果同过去20万a水体可变强度相关联。冰期氧同位素2期、4期、6期较之间冰期1期、3期、5期有30%的强度衰…     

Temporal-spatial oceanic variation in relation with the three typical Kuroshio paths south of Japan

Empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis was applied to a 50-year long time series of monthly mean positions of the Kuroshio path south of Japan from a regional reanalysis. Three leading EOF modes characterize the contributions from three typical paths of the Kuroshio meander: the typical large meander path, the offshore nonlarge meander path, and the nearshore non-large meander path, respectively. Accordingly, the spatial variation characteristics of oceanic anomaly fields can be depicted by...     

Impact of Wind on Tide-Induced Advective Salt Transport in A Well-Mixed Estuary

The tide-induced net advective salt flux in well-mixed estuaries consists of five terms according to the method from Kjerfve.The term resulted from the vertical variation in salinity can be negligible in well-mixed estuaries with four tide-induced salt flux terms,known as F1?F4.To explore the effects of wind on these salt fluxes,the current-salinity analytical model combined with the perturbation analysis is extended by including wind.Analytical expressions for the four salt fluxes are derived separately in the present model.Under the assumption that only the M₂ tidal component is accounted for and the salt flux generated by diffusion is not studied,the tide-induced net advective salt flux Q_sx is in the seaward direction without the wind effect.By applying the Western Scheldt estuary case,the wind influence on the tidal advection salt flux(TASF)distribution in the F4 term was investigated.The phase difference between zero-order velocity and first-order salinity(Δφ)at the surface layer of the estuary is larger than 90°and smaller than 90°at the bottom layer,which leads to landward TASF in the surface layer and seaward TASF in the bottom layer.The distribution ofΔφis not uniform in the horizontal direction with wind included,which differs from the result without wind.In the case of seaward wind with the speed of 18 m/s,the decrease in the zeroth-order velocity phase(φu)at the surface layer is larger than that of the first-order salinity phase(φs)downstream,which leads to an abnormal seaward TASF in this region.Owing to the surface stress caused by wind,the Stokes compensation flow in the middle and lower reaches increases/decreases with the increase of the landward/seaward wind,while the upstream situation is opposite.Thus,the first-order velocity in the middle and lower reaches increases/decreases with the increase of the landward/seaward wind,while the upstream situation is also opposite.The first-order salinity also increases/decreases with the increase of landward/seaward wind,while the upstream salinity tends to zero.Therefore,the tide-induced net advective salt flux Q_sx increases/decreases with the increase of the landward/seaward wind,which is contrary to the usual recognition.     

Morphological evolution of a large sand bar in the Qiantang River Estuary of China since the 1960s

A large sand bar develops in the inner Qiantang River Estuary, China. It is a unique sedimentary system,elongating landwards by about 130 km. Based on long-term series of bathymetric data in each April, July, and November since the 1960 s, this study investigated the morphological behavior of this bar under natural conditions and the influence of a large-scale river narrowing project(LRNP) implemented in the last decades. The results show that three timescales, namely the seasonal, interannual a...     

浮天无涯 风生水起——中国古代文学家笔下的海洋文化

在全世界范围内,哪里有海洋,哪里便有海洋景观;哪里有人类活动,哪里就有海洋文化海洋文化绝不仅仅是西方人的专利,也绝不是黑格尔所说的"中国没有海洋文化"。我们无须说     

中国游艇产业发展商机无限

一、国内外游艇产业发展概况游艇起源于17世纪中叶。当时英皇查尔斯二世登基时,荷兰送给英皇第一艘做工精细的皇家狩猎渔船,这是历史上第一艘游艇。到了18世纪,游艇逐步发展并成为欧洲海洋国家的贵族、富豪夸耀自我,显示地位的一种象征。19世纪以后,螺旋桨、蒸汽机、小功率的马达、自动导航驾驶仪器被先后运用在游艇上。直到20世纪中叶,西方发达国家在第三产业中衍生出游艇俱乐部,在解决了游艇的停泊难题后,使游艇得到了蓬勃的发展。游艇在国际上普遍用于私人消费,与巨大的海船相比,游艇虽然很小,但发展却很快,有巨大的市场。     

渤海海冰面积信息提取系统的建立及其应用研究

在回顾海冰监测研究进展及其存在问题的基础上,提出基于卫星遥感资料获取海冰面积的重要性,以第四代可视化计算机语言IDL和MapBasic语言为工具研制并开发了海冰面积信息提取监测系统.整个系统由解译系统和统计分析系统两部分组成.利用1996-2005年渤海NOAA/AVHRR数据和MODIS数据,在该系统的支持下进行了海冰面积信息的提取实例,得到渤海海冰面积解译图和面积数值统计表,结果表明:1996年至2005年,渤海海冰面积(相对最大面积)的变化范围为6 173.34～36 928.00 km2,其中1999年海冰面积最小,2001年海冰面积最大.该系统可为海冰资源的开发利用及海冰监测等工作提供帮助.     

Study on the Bubble Growth and Departure with A Lattice Boltzmann Method

For the growth and departure of bubbles from an orifice, a free energy lattice Boltzmann model is adopted to deal with this complex multiphase flow phenomenon. A virtual layer is set at the boundary of the flow domain to deal with the no-slip boundary condition. Effects of the viscosity, surface tension, gas inertial force and buoyancy on the characteristics of bubbles when they grow and departure from an orifice in quiescent liquid are studied. The releasing period and departure diameter of the bubble are influenced by the residual gas at the orifice, and the interaction between bubbles is taken into consideration. The relations between the releasing period or departure diameter and the gravity acceleration show fair agreements with previous numerical and theoretical results. And the influence of the gas outflow velocity on bubble formation is discussed as well. For the bubbles growing in cross-flow field, effects of the cross-flow speed and the gas outflow velocity on the bubble formation are discussed, which is related to the application in ship resistance reduction. And optimal choice of the ship speed and gas outflow velocity is studied. Cases in this paper also prove that this high density ratio LBM model has its flexibility and effectiveness on multiphase flow simulations.     

Environmental drivers of phytoplankton crops and taxonomic composition in northeastern Antarctic Peninsula adjacent sea area

The ecosystem of the sea region adjacent to the Antarctic Peninsula is undergoing remarkable physical and biological changes, in the context of global warming. However, understanding of the dynamics of phytoplankton taxonomic composition in this marginal ice zone remains unclear. In this study, seawater samples collected from 36 stations in the northeastern Antarctic Peninsula were analyzed for nutrients and phytoplankton pigments.Combining with CHEMTAX analysis, remote sensing data, and physico...     

厦门香山至长尾礁沙滩修复实践及理论探讨

以厦门香山～长尾礁沙滩修复工程为例,研究了海滩的修复和改造技术.香山～长尾礁沙滩位于厦门东海岸,岸段原始沙滩已消失殆尽,于2007年10月完成海滩修复的一期工程,海滩的宽度和质量经一年来的监测,改造基本稳定,并明显好于历史时期的海滩.从选址条件、海滩设计要素及施工方法等方面,探讨了人造海滩修复的主要内容及修复后海滩的成长过程.     

厦门岛东北部海滩回填重塑研究

在对厦门岛东北部海滩改造条件评价的基础上，选定泥金南部，长尾礁一下保-香山段海滩作为海滩回填重塑靶区，着重对下保-香山段海滩改造在海滩平衡，上下限高程，回填宽度，坡度，回填量及辅助工程措施等方面进行了研究，并提出相应的回填改造参数。     

人工海滩研究进展

海滩是激浪作用下泥沙在激浪带的堆积,是海岸带最活跃的地貌单元。近年来,由于世纪性的海平面上升,侵蚀型海滩范围扩大,侵蚀加重,海滩宽度变窄、坡度变陡和滩面物质粗化等问题日益严重,引起了广泛关注,亦成为海岸工程研究的热点课题之一。几十年的工程实践表明,海滩喂养与人工海滩是当前防护海滩侵蚀最有效的措施,并已为欧、美、日等国广泛应用。利用海岸地貌学原理方法,借鉴模拟环境条件类似的周边自然海滩的形成和演变规律,合理的设计海滩物质的颗粒大小和组成,海滩的坡度、高度、宽度以及填砂范围等关键参数,能够有效地使人工海滩更快的达到平衡状态并维持其稳定。在海滩的娱乐休闲功能在国际范围内日益受到重视的今天,这一方法在海岸工程应用上具有重要的现实意义。     

近岸人工沙坝保滩促淤的试验研究

借助正态波浪模型,对北戴河海滩某横断面有、无沙坝布置进行了3种水位的极限波高入射试验,测取了坝内外波高过程线及稳定后的断面地形。试验资料及理论分析显示:有无沙坝时沿岸流及波浪的挟沙能力之比与水下沙坝的波浪透射系数的平方成正比,按试验最大透射系数计算的挟沙能力亦可降50%左右,且有沙坝上涌带破波回流对岸滩的冲刷水深可以维持在平均海平面以下1 m内,说明人工沙坝的填筑很大程度促使水体挟带泥沙于掩护区域落淤有效的阻止了泥沙的离岸亏损。试验将为保滩促淤工程设计与实施提供科学依据。     

Morphodynamic classification of sandy beaches in low energetic marine environment

Morphodynamic classification of beaches has achieved widespread acceptance in both geological and geomorphological literature. In this sense, the present work classifies twelve Mediterranean low energetic beaches according to the dimensionless fall parameter (Ω) parameter in the Island of Mallorca. Propagation of 44 yr of wave data as well as a detailed sediment study allows to provide probabilities for morphodynamical beach state on an annual and seasonal basis. Consequently, beaches in Mallorca fall between three major categories which are (a) truly reflective, (b) reflective skewed to intermediate and (c) intermediate beaches. The Mallorcan beach position in the morphodynamical scheme is close related to the physiographical and geological framework. Comparison of observed values with those obtained in the analysis leads that for gross beach classification there is agreement between predicted and real state. However on a seasonal classification, mainly during summer, there is no agreement between the predicted state and the real one. As the model does not incorporate the role of summer sea breezes, beach reflective states are highlighted. Real beach configurations correspond to more energetic wave dynamic conditions and to intermediate state scenarios.     

福建崇武半月湾渔港防波堤建成后下游海滩地形变化及养护对策研究

渔港硬式构筑物如防波堤等对海岸的影响显著。以福建泉州崇武半月湾渔港防波堤修建前后的海滩变化为例,通过对2003²011年不同阶段海滩地貌形态、岸线变化分析以及2个海滩剖面多期监测比较发现,防波堤修建后海湾下游西侧海滩发生显著蚀退,西端侵蚀强度最大,向东(靠近防波堤遮蔽段)逐渐减小,中东部遮蔽段转为淤涨。海滩变化的主要原因:1)E2011年不同阶段海滩地貌形态、岸线变化分析以及2个海滩剖面多期监测比较发现,防波堤修建后海湾下游西侧海滩发生显著蚀退,西端侵蚀强度最大,向东(靠近防波堤遮蔽段)逐渐减小,中东部遮蔽段转为淤涨。海滩变化的主要原因:1)E^SE向主入射波浪受到防波堤的阻挡作用,在堤头发生绕射,港内波影区动力变弱;2)防波堤阻碍了从东向西的沿岸流运动,形成东向为主的沿岸输沙,使得东端发生堆积,造成下游的西侧海岸的沉积物亏损,发生侵蚀。针对海岸变化机理提出了海滩养护防御措施,并通过数值模拟预测说明养护海滩以由西向东输沙为主,年均输沙量约3万m3,堆积于遮蔽段,最后,提出采用周期性抽取遮蔽段养护沙补充到西端的方法来实现海滩循环养护。     

岬间海滩泥沙输运趋势与剖面分形研究

根据1999年7月实测的粤东岬间海滩沉积与地形变化资料,采用沉积物输运概率模式(McLaren模型)对海滩沿岸泥沙运移趋势进行探讨。结果表明,在常波况条件下海滩沿岸泥沙向偏南方向运移,在高能条件下可能出现与常波况条件下相反运动的趋势。进一步利用分形分布模型研究了海滩剖面的分形性质,提出了岬间海滩剖面地形变化的短期分形预测模型。     

Shoreline Change Modeling on Emergency Beach Nourishment Project on West Beach of Beidaihe, China

By use of a shoreline-change numerical model (GENESIS) based on one-line theory, a preliminary modeling study on shoreline changes caused by a beach nourishment project in Beidaihe, China, is presented in this paper. Firstly, the GENESIS model is verified and model sensitivity to the major parameter changes is discussed by simulating a hydraulic model test. The beach nourishment project, after that the shoreline change is kept being monitored, is a small-scale emergency one carried out to use two bathing places on the west beach in the summer, 2008. In this paper the shoreline changes caused by the beach nourishment project are modeled by the GENESIS model, and the computed results fit well with the measured shorelines. With the same model and parameters, a long-term performance of the project is predicted, and the result shows that the bathing places only can be suitable for bathing in 2 to 3 years without subsequence nourishment project. Therefore, it is proposed to nourish the beaches in time to keep the service life of the beach in recent years and carry out the beach nourishment project for the whole west beach as soon as possible.     

砾石海滩剖面设计及其稳定性模型试验研究

海滩剖面设计参数确定和稳定性评价是设计阶段确保海滩养护工程质量的重要指标。针对大连凌水湾砾石海滩养护工程,综合采用Dean平衡剖面原则和剖面类比法进行剖面设计,确定了填砂中值粒径、施工坡度、滩肩前沿高程和滩肩宽度等设计参数;结合物理模型试验进行了剖面形态稳定性分析,研究了海滩在不同波浪和水位作用下的剖面形态演化过程,试验结果表明不同工况条件下,平均低水位以上的滩面均为净淤积,水下部分侵蚀明显,滩面上部泥沙不断堆积,砾石海滩最终形成稳定剖面。研究结果可为类似砾石海滩养护工程设计提供参考。     

厦门海滨浴场的环境质量及容量研究

本文依据现场调查及测验结果，综合分析、评估厦门市海滨浴场的资源与质量的现状及存在问题，并依据现有沙滩资源估算海滨浴场的客容量。结合厦门作为国际港口风景旅游城市的发展趋势，提出采用人工造滩的方法来增添新的海滨浴场，不仅可以改善海滨浴场的布局，同时还可以增加客容量。