2009年冬季南海北部生物标志物对表层浮游植物生物量/群落结构的指示作用

生物标志物已被广泛应用于重建浮游植物生产力和群落结构变化.该方法假设之一是生标的含量可以反映表层海水的浮游植物生物量,但这个假设还缺乏现场观测的充分验证.对2009年冬季南海北部表层海水颗粒物中主要生标做了分析,利用其含量及比值研究浮游植物的生物量及群落结构的分布.生标含量表明硅藻、甲藻、颗石藻的高值区位于珠江口南部及广东沿岸,在陆坡区也有高值.生标比值显示硅藻在3个类群中的相对比例最高.其中,甲藻/硅藻比值高值区位于陆坡区,这与大洋水(黑潮)的入侵,带来大量暖水性甲藻有很大关系;颗石藻/硅藻比值总体趋势与生物量的分布相反,在近岸少数站位有高值,向外海逐渐增加,主要是因为颗石藻更适于寡营养盐的环境.生标结果所指示的生物量及群落结构的空间分布与前人的调查结果类似,为利用生标重建此区域的浮游植物生产力和群落结构变化提供了依据.     

楚科奇海附近表层沉积物中类脂生物标志物的分布特征和意义

多参数生物标记物法已被广泛用于重建浮游植物生产力和种群结构,研究了2003年夏季我国二次北极考察时采集的楚科奇海表层沉积物样品中浮游植物生物标志物的比例变化及其作为浮游植物种群结构替代指标的潜力。观测海区表层沉积物中菜子甾醇、甲藻甾醇、长链烯酮的总含量为20~3149 ng/g,平均值为1 010 ng/g,生物标志物总量分布表明南部的楚科奇陆架海域生产力明显高于北部海台区,不同站位的菜子甾醇和甲藻甾醇相对比例有明显变化,但都显示菜子甾醇占优势,楚科奇海陆架的站位中都是硅藻为主,菜子甾醇占生物标志物总量的比例为42%~74%,甲藻甾醇占生物标志物总量的比例为17%~37%,在海台区仍然是硅藻占优势,但是甲藻和颗石藻的比例有了很大的提高,加拿大海盆的4个站位中以甲藻和颗石藻为主,硅藻并非加拿大海盆的优势种群。这与用显微镜下鉴定得到的硅藻和甲藻分布趋势相似。研究结果为生物标志物作为浮游植物种群结果替代指标并为利用柱状样中的生物标志物研究古生态提供现代依据。     

末次冰盛期以来日本海浮游植物生产力和群落结构变化

生物标志物法已经被广泛应用于重建海洋浮游植物生产力和群落结构变化。本文利用这种方法重建了日本海末次冰盛期以来浮游植物生产力和群落结构变化。结果显示,生物标志物含量在末次冰期最盛期21～19 ka和14～4 ka时有高值,而在19～14 ka、4～0 ka有低值。末次冰期最盛期时生物标志物的高含量是由于分层导致的底层水缺氧,生物标志物得到较好保存的结果,而此时日本海盐度很低,使颗石藻相对含量很低;19～14 ka陆源输入减少,日本海生产力水平较低,不断增加的盐度使浮游植物群落结构由硅藻、甲藻占优转变为颗石藻占优;14～4 ka对马暖流流量的加大提高了日本海的初级生产力,同时高营养盐利于硅藻、甲藻的生长,使颗石藻的相对比例减小;4 ka以后随冬季风的增强和黑潮减弱,对马暖流减弱,供应的营养盐减少,日本海生产力水平降低,使颗石藻的相对比例增大,硅藻、甲藻的相对比例减小。     

北黄海-渤海表层沉积物中浮游植物生物标志物的分布特征及指示意义

作为一种新的地球化学指标方法,多参数生物标志物法已被广泛应用于重建浮游植物生产力及群落结构。本文对北黄海-渤海表层沉积物中浮游植物生物标志物的分布进行了研究。通过对北黄海-渤海60个站位的调查研究发现,硅藻、甲藻和颗石藻这3种浮游植物的生物标志物含量高值区主要分布在泥质区,同TOC的分布模式类似。为了消除粒度和沉积速率对含量的影响,将这3种生物标志物含量分别与TOC做比值,结果发现相对含量高值区与高生产力区相对应。以这3种生物标志物的相对比例来分别指示浮游植物在北黄海-渤海的相对贡献变化,结果表明近岸区硅藻相对贡献高,这主要与硅藻在高浓度硅的情况下具有竞争优势有关;而由于对营养盐的竞争关系,甲藻相对贡献高值区处于远岸区。在北黄海中部发现高的颗石藻相对贡献,与黄海暖流入侵路径相对应。     

东海和黄海表层沉积物生物标志物的分布特征及古生态重建潜力

多参数生物标志物法已被广泛用于重建浮游植物生产力和种群结构.但目前还缺乏这一应用的现代证据,尤其是西太平洋边缘海地区.文中作者对东/黄海的表层沉积物中的浮游植物生物标志物的分布进行研究,发现东海表层沉积物中菜子甾醇、甲藻甾醇、长链烯酮的总含量变化范围为357～3 115 ng/g,黄海的总含量变化范围为2 898 ～6 714 ng/g,硅藻、甲藻和颗石藻生物标志物总量基本具有近岸高、离岸低的趋势,与现场调查资料所得到的趋势基本一致.生物标志物比例结果显示在东海的长江口方向离岸越远硅藻相对比例下降,而在长江口以南则是离岸越远硅藻比例升高.在东海和黄海颗石藻所占比例都很低,但是有离岸越远比例升高的趋势.用生物标志物所重建的种群结构的变化趋势与现场调查资料相符,但其绝对值却与现场资料存在差异.本研究为生物标志物重建种群结构提供了现代数据,但是此方法的定量应用还需做进一步的研究.     

浙江近岸泥质区百年来浮游植物生产力的变化及对环境的响应

在210Pb定年的基础上, 对取自浙江沿岸泥质缺氧区的柱样沉积物开展了菜子甾醇、甲藻甾醇、长链烯酮等生物标志化合物分析, 根据生物标志化合物含量及比例的分布特征, 重建了泥质区110年来浮游植物生产力及群落结构变化。结果表明浙江近岸浮游植物生产力百年来呈上升趋势, 自20世纪60年代开始上升, 80年代以来有显著增加, 浮游植物群落结构则均有甲藻比例上升、硅藻比例下降的趋势。研究认为, 浙江沿岸泥质区百年来浮游植物生产力的提高与我国化肥施用量和长江氮的入海通量呈正相关, 营养盐N∶P和N∶Si比值的增加导致浮游植物优势种由硅藻向甲藻的转变, 说明自20世纪60年代, 尤其是自20世纪80年代以来工农业快速发展、大型水利工程建设等人类活动是导致浙江沿岸泥质区海域浮游植物生产力提高及群落结构变化的主要因素。     

大洋"生物泵"--海洋浮游植物生物标志物

海洋浮游植物承担着目前地球上光合作用的一半任务,对大气CO2浓度和全球碳循环有重要的调控作用。从“铁假说”到“硅假说”,反映了大洋“生物泵”尤其是海洋中的不同浮游植物群对过去气候变化的响应和反馈。根据不同浮游植物产生的特定生物标志物可以定量再造海洋浮游植物群落组成,如岩藻黄素、CO2甾醇主要来自硅藻;而19’-己酰氧基岩藻黄素、C37—C39烯酮主要来自定鞭藻中的颗石藻。许多研究已成功利用现代环境中的色素和古代沉积物中的类脂物质,恢复水体中不同浮游植物的生物量和群落组成。虽然目前海洋浮游植物与生物标志物之间的关系还有待完善,但与其他方法相比仍不失为一种快速、有效的方法,在未来的海洋环境检测和古气候研究领域有重要的应用前景。     

辽东湾表层沉积物中生物标志物记录的浮游藻类生物量和群落组成特征

对渤海辽东湾海域表层沉积物中浮游植物生物标志物的分布进行了研究。通过对辽东湾51个站位的调查研究发现,硅藻、甲藻和颗石藻这3种浮游植物的生物标志物含量分布规律不明显,为了消除粒度和沉积速率的影响,将这3种生物标志物总量与总有机碳(TOC)含量做比值,得到的相对含量从湾内到湾口随着离岸距离增加而增加,生物标志物指示的初级生产力与现场调查的结果一致,表明生物标志物法基本可以用来重建初级生产力。辽东湾海域初级生产力在湾口高于湾内,表明其主要控制因素是水体浊度而不是陆源营养盐的输入。辽东湾西侧菊花岛附近初级生产力的高值主要与人类养殖、陆源排污等导致的水体富营养化相关。生物标志物的相对比例结果显示,辽东湾两侧近岸区硅藻和甲藻相对贡献高,尤其是硅藻占据绝对优势,这主要与硅藻在高营养盐的情况下具有竞争优势有关,而在辽东湾中部发现高的颗石藻相对贡献与黄海暖流入侵路径相对应。     

近130年来北黄海浮游植物生产力和群落结构变化的沉积物生物标志物记录

类脂生物标志物已被广泛用于重建海洋浮游植物生产力及群落结构变化,但是,在北黄海和渤海的应用还不多。在210Pb定年的基础上,对北黄海西南部箱式柱状样B25进行了生物标志物分析,利用其含量及相对比例变化重建了北黄海过去130年来浮游植物生产力及群落结构变化,并探讨了其变化规律对气候变化和人类活动的指示作用。结果表明:过去130年来,浮游植物生产力总体呈上升趋势,在1975年后显著增加。揭示了一种在我国边缘海群落结构变化的新特征,在1965—1990年间呈现硅藻比例下降和甲藻比例增加,而1990年之后则表现为硅藻比例增加和甲藻比例下降。北黄海近百年来浮游植物生产力的提高主要与东亚冬季风的增强和陆源输入增加有密切关系,而群落结构的改变可能是人类活动和气候变化共同作用的结果。     

2015年夏季黄渤海表层浮游植物种群分布特征研究（英文）

海洋浮游植物在海洋生态、环境和全球气候变化中担当着非常重要的角色,也是测量水质的指示生物。黄渤海地理位置独特,研究黄渤海的浮游植物种群分布特征对我国海洋生态的研究有重要意义。本研究利用2015年8月对黄海、渤海海域浮游植物数据进行调查取样,经HPLC技术进行色素分析,通过CHEMTAX软件对获取的色素数据进行统计分析,由此获取浮游植物群落结构信息。研究发现,首先,从海域的角度来看,2015年夏季渤海表层浮游植物的生物量高于黄海,而北黄海表层的浮游植物生物量又高于南黄海。其次,从浮游植物优势种的角度看,黄渤海表层的浮游植物优势种为硅藻、定鞭金藻和绿藻,三类优势种占比分别为55.76%、14.56%、14.55%,其中硅藻占绝对优势。     

A process-oriented model study of equatorial Pacific phytoplankton: The role of iron supply and tropical instability waves

The response of phytoplankton growth to iron supply and its modulation by large-scale circulation and tropical instability waves (TIWs) in the eastern equatorial Pacific has been investigated with an ocean biogeochemical model. This process study shows that iron can be efficiently advected from the New Guinea shelf through the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) to the eastern Pacific. The presence of a continental iron source is necessary for the maintenance of the observed subsurface iron maximum in the EUC core. In the eastern Pacific region, phytoplankton production is enhanced when additional iron is available in the EUC. Simulated phytoplankton variability is linked to TIWs activity, as revealed by a wavelet analysis of the total autotrophic carbon. The net local effect of the waves on phytoplankton can be either positive or negative depending on several factors. When the iron nutricline is sufficiently shallow to be reached by the wave vertical scale, the effect of the waves is to enhance iron availability in the euphotic zone leading to a net local increase of phytoplankton biomass. We therefore suggest that the local maxima of phytoplankton observed in moorings off the Equator in the eastern Pacific might be not only the result of concentration mechanisms, but also the result of an increase in local production sustained by advected iron.     

琼东水体后向散射系数与浮游植物生物量的关系模型*

海洋中光后向散射系数的变化包含了浮游植物生物量的信息, 可应用于卫星遥感和光学剖面观测平台获取海洋中大时空尺度-高分辨率剖面的浮游植物生物量变化特征。本文选取了琼东上升流影响下生物—光学变异性较为显著的海域, 基于2013年航次实测数据, 建立了颗粒物后向散射系数(b_bp)与叶绿素a浓度(Chl a)间的区域性关系模型。模型假定颗粒物后向散射系数由不随叶绿素浓度变化的固定背景值, 以及较大粒级(>2μm)和pico级(微微型, <2μm)两类浮游植物的后向散射贡献累加所得。采集的数据集进行了模型检验, 结果表明, 模型能很好地模拟琼东海域水体的b_bp与Chl a间的变化趋势, 性能优于常用的幂函数关系模型, 尤其在低叶绿素浓度范围, 很好地解决幂函数显著低估的现象; 琼东海域的b_bp和Chl a关系存在显著的水层变化, 底层后向散射固定背景值显著高于上层水体背景值, 表明底层受上升流的影响, 水体中不随Chl a共变的颗粒物浓度增大, 其后向散射相应增强; 叶绿素最大层的后向散射固定背景值显著低于上层其他水体的固定背景值, 后向散射固定背景值的贡献百分比约为21%~35%; 随着叶绿素浓度增大, 较大粒级的浮游植物对颗粒物后向散射系数的贡献也显著增大, 可达到50%以上, pico级浮游植物贡献稳定在40%附近。本研究的结果将为琼东海域浮游植物生物量的光学遥感、生物地球化学过程研究提供更为精确的区域性模型和基础支撑数据。     

黄、东海陆架2011年秋季活体浮游有孔虫生态分布

现代活体浮游有孔虫的生态研究是其古环境重建应用的重要基础。根据黄、东海陆架2011年秋季采集的20个垂直浮游拖网样品,分析了该海域浮游有孔虫的秋季生态分布特征。结果表明,黄海秋季基本上没有浮游有孔虫的出现。东海共发现13种活体浮游有孔虫,主要优势属种依次为Globigerinoides sacculifer、Pulleniatina obliquiloculata、Globigerina bulloides、Neogloboquadrina dutertrei和Globigerinoides ruber。浮游有孔虫丰度整体上呈现东南高,西北低的分布格局,这种分布格局反映了浮游有孔虫在黄、东海陆架区的分布主要受外海水影响强弱控制。浮游有孔虫主要属种在东海陆架呈现明显的区域分布差异:暖水种G. sacculifer是秋季陆架海区的主要优势种,其分布格局与总丰度基本一致,相对含量从南至北、从东至西逐渐降低,主要受区域表层海水温度变化的控制。G. bulloides与G. sacculifer呈相反的含量分布变化,其高含量主要出现在东海中陆架,从北往南逐渐降低,此外,在闽浙沿岸也有较高含量,表明了温度和生产力是影响G. bulloides在黄、东海陆架分布的主要因素。秋季P. obliquiloculata和N. dutertrei的高含量主要出现在东海南部中陆架区和济州岛西南黄海暖流影响区,可能受暖水与生产力的共同制约。     

Plankton distribution associated with frontal zones in the vicinity of the Pribilof Islands

We studied the effect of four types of fronts, the coastal front, the middle front, the shelf partition front and the shelf break front on the quantitative distribution and the composition of plankton communities in the Pribilof area of the eastern Bering Sea shelf in late spring and summer of 1993 and 1994. The coastal fronts near St. Paul and St. George Islands and the coastal domains encircled by the fronts featured specific taxonomic composition of planktonic algae, high abundance and production of phytoplankton, as well as large numbers of heterotrophic nanoplankton. The coastal fronts also were characterized by high values of total mesozooplankton biomass, high concentrations of Calanus marshallae, as well as relatively high abundances of Parasagitta setosa and Euphausiacea compared to surrounding shelf waters. We hypothesize that wind-induced erosion of a weak thermocline in the inner part of the coastal front as well as transfrontal water exchange in subthermocline layers result in nutrient enrichment of the euphotic layer in the coastal fronts and coastal domains in summer time. This leads to prolonged high primary production and high phytoplankton biomass. In this paper a new type of front—the shelf partition front located 45–55 km to the north-east off St. Paul Island—is described, which is assumed to be formed by the flux of oceanic domain waters onto the shelf. This front features a high abundance of phytoplankton and a high level of primary production compared to the adjacent middle shelf. Near the southwestern periphery of the front a mesozooplankton peak occurred, composed of C. marshallae, with biomass in the subthermocline layer, reaching values typical for the shelf break front and the highest for the area. High abundance of phyto- and zooplankton as well as heterotrophic nanoplankton and elevated primary production were most often observed in the area adjacent to the shelf break front at its oceanic side. The phyto- and mesozooplankton peaks here were formed by oceanic community species. The summer levels of phytoplankton numbers, biomass and primary production in the shelf break frontal area were similar to those reported for the outer and middle shelf during the spring bloom and the coastal domains and coastal fronts in summer. In the environment with a narrow shelf to the south of St. George Island, the mesozooplankton peak was observed at the inner side of the shelf break front as close as 20 km from the island shore and was comprised of a “mixed” community of shelf and oceanic species. The biomass in the peak reached the highest values for the Pribilof area at 2.5 g mean wet weight m⁻³ in the 0–100 m layer. Details of the taxonomic composition and the numbers and production of phytoplankton hint at the similarity of processes that affect the phytoplankton summer community in the coastal domains of the islands, at the coastal fronts, and at the oceanic side of the shelf break front. The middle front was the only one that had no effect on plankton composition or its quantitative characteristics in June and July. Location of a variety of frontal productive areas within 100 km of the Pribilof Islands creates favorable foraging habitat for higher trophic level organisms, including sea birds and marine mammals, populating the islands.     

Bio-optical signatures and biogeochemistry from intense upwelling and relaxation in coastal California

The NSF-sponsored Coastal Ocean Processes Wind Events and Shelf Transport (WEST) experiment investigates the interplay between wind-driven transport and shelf productivity; while eastern boundary shelves are characterized by high productivity due to upward fluxes of nutrients into the euphotic zone, wind forcing also represents negative physical and biological controls via offshore transport and deep (light-limiting) mixing of primary producers. Although this interaction has been well documented for eastern boundary systems generally and for California specifically, one of the primary goals of WEST was to characterize more fully the interplay between positive and negative effects of wind stress, which result in the consistently elevated biological productivity in these shelf regions. During 3 month-long summer cruises (2000–2002) we observed extremes in upwelling/relaxation, using both in situ instrumentation and remotely sensed data. Relationships between optical and physical properties were examined, with emphasis on biogeochemical implications. During 2000, the WEST region was optically dominated by phytoplankton and covarying constituents. During 2001 and 2002, periods of more intense upwelling favorable winds, we observed a transition to optical properties dominated by detrital and inorganic materials. In all years, the continental shelf break provided a natural boundary between optically distinct shelf and open ocean waters. During 2002, we obtained discrete trace-metal measurements of particulate iron and aluminum; we develop a bio-optical proxy for acetic-acid leachable iron from backscatter and fluorescence, and demonstrate that particulate iron is not well correlated to traditional upwelling proxies such as macronutrients, temperature, and salinity. We conclude that the shelf break between ca. 100 and 200 m water depth serves as a natural break point between coastal and oceanic water masses in this region, and that the elevated biomass and productivity associated with this eastern boundary current regime is dominated by these iron rich, shallow shelf waters.     

Temporal variability in phytoplankton pigments,picoplankton and coccolithophores along a transect through the North Atlantic and tropical southwestern Pacific

Biogeochemical processes in the sea are triggered in various ways by chlorophyll-containing phytoplankton groups. While the variability of chlorophyll concentration at sea has been observed from satellites for several years, these groups are known only from cruises which are limited in space and time. The Geochemistry, Phytoplankton and Color of the Ocean programme (GeP&CO) was set up to describe and understand the variability of phytoplankton composition on large spatial scales under a multi-year sampling strategy. It was based on sea-surface sampling along the route of the merchant ship Contship London which travelled four times a year from Le Havre (France) to Nouméa (New Caledonia) via New York, Panama and Auckland. Observations included the measurement of photosynthetic pigments, counts of picoplanktonic cells by flow cytometry (Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and picoeucaryotes) and counting and identification of coccolithophores. The results confirmed that tropical areas have low seasonal variability and are characterized by relatively high divinyl-chlorophyll a and zeaxanthin concentration and that the variability is strongest at high latitudes where the phytoplankton biomass and population structure are found to have large seasonal cycles. Thus, the spring bloom in the North Atlantic and an austral winter bloom north of New Zealand are marked by chlorophyll concentrations which are often higher than 0.5 μg l⁻¹ and by high concentration of fucoxanthin (a pigment used as an indicator for diatoms), while summer populations are dominated by Prochlorococcus sp. and have low chlorophyll concentrations. Apart from this yearly bloom at temperate latitudes, fucoxanthin is scarce, except in the equatorial upwelling zone in the eastern Pacific Ocean, where it is found in moderate amounts. In this region, relatively high chlorophyll concentrations extend generally as far as 14°S and do not respond to the seasonal strengthening of the equatorial upwelling during the austral winter. Prochlorococcus, which is known to dominate in oligotrophic tropical seas and to disappear in cold conditions, in fact has its minimum during the spring bloom in the North Atlantic, rather than during the winter. Coccolithophores are ubiquitous, showing a succession of species in response to oceanic conditions and provinces. 19′Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin, the pigment generally considered as an indicator of coccolithophores, is relatively abundant at all times and in all regions, but its abundance is generally not tightly correlated with that of coccolithophores. The regional differences revealed by these results are in overall agreement with Longhurst's division of the ocean into ecological provinces.     

Spatial and seasonal variation in chlorophyll distribution in the upper 30 m of the photic zone in the southern Benguela/Agulhas ecosystem

Depth-integrated chlorophyll a in the upper 30 m is used as an index of phytoplankton biomass. Mean concentrations of chlorophyll a (1971–1989) were calculated for half-degree rectangles of latitude and longitude within the 500 m isobath off the South African coast. These data were used to estimate median and mean concentrations and coefficients of variance for different seasons and geographical strata (i.e. inshore and offshore regions of the continental shelf along the West, Cape and South coasts). Offshore, longshore and seasonal differences in the distribution of phytoplankton biomass in the Benguela/Agulhas system were tested for statistical significance.     

Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Polar Front of the Eastern Barents Sea at the End of the Growth Season

Phytoplankton community and its distribution were investigated in the south part of the Polar Front in the eastern Barents Sea in October 2014. Analysis of the spatial differences in the phytoplankton structure was performed in connection with changes of the temperature, salinity and biogenic regime. At the end of the growing season in the phytoplankton community was dominated by destruction processes and the concentration of nutrients in the upper mixed layer was higher than the limiting level. Coccolithophores (Emiliania huxleyi and Discosphaera cf. tubifer) dominanted over investigated area. The maximum values of abundance and biomass of coccolithophores reached 90.4 mln.cell/m³ and 30.8 mgC/m³, drawing up 82% of the total number and 93% of the total biomass of phytoplankton. Influence of transformed the waters of Atlantic origin was observed in the western part of the investigated area. The number of species in the phytoplankton community here was 1.5–2 times lower than in the eastern part of the occupied mostly by Barents Sea water. In the eastern part of the presence of large dinoflagellates Neoceratium spp. (Ceratium spp.) and Dinophysis spp., lower values of chlorophyll a concentration, a higher proportion of pheophytin in the amount of pigment chlorophyll + pheophytin, the high content of ammonia in the upper mixed layer showed that in this area the phytoplankton was at a later seasonal succession stage than the western part.     

The structure and distribution of the phytoplankton community in the deep region of the Northern Kara Sea

The phytoplankton community and its distribution were investigated in the eastern branch of the St. Anna Trough and over the adjacent Kara Sea shelf in September 2011 and in August 2014. The spatial and seasonal differences in the phytoplankton structure were analyzed in connection with ice melting and changes in the temperature, salinity, and biogenic regime. Four 4 zones were defined: the Kara Sea shelf, the upper part of the St. Anna Trough slope, the lower part of the St. Anna Trough slope, and its deep part. It was shown that over the Kara Sea shelf where riverine runoff influence was observed, the phytoplankton community differs from the community of the St. Anna Trough in both investigated periods: in September and August. Rearrangement of the phytoplankton community was observed in the frontal zone associated with the upper part of the slope in September of 2011. The main features of this rearrangement were a change in dominant species composition and a 1.5–2-fold increase in the number and biomass of algae. Over the lower part of the slope and deep area of the St. Anna Trough in August 2014 and September 2011, the phytoplankton community was at different successive stages: in August, at the late spring and summer stage, and in September, at the summer–autumn stage.     

南流江河口区春季浮游植物群落结构组成与分布特征

通过2016年3月底现场航次11个站点的调查,应用反相高效液色谱（RP-HPLC）并结合二极管阵列检测器分析技术,分析了春季广西南流江河口区浮游植物光合色素组成,进而由CHEMTAX软件估算全粒级浮游植物的群落结构。结果表明:春季含量较高的浮游植物特征光合色素含量以叶绿素b最高,其次为岩黄藻素;浮游植物的优势类群为隐藻,其次为绿藻和硅藻,它们分别平均占据了浮游植物生物量的54.95%、23.36%和17.37%,其他藻类所占比例很低。南流江河口区浮游植物群落结构东西部入海分支有较大差异:东部分支营养盐较西部分支低,隐藻所占生物量比例最高,其次为绿藻和硅藻,浮游植物群结构与分布受营养盐因素影响较大;西部分支营养盐含量明显比东部分支高,绿藻和硅藻的所占比例有所提升,隐藻的生物量所占比则有所下降,浮游植物群落结构与分布受非营养盐因素的影响较大。南流江河口区浮游植物生物量和群落结构除了受营养盐影响外,还与浊度、盐度等密切相关,表明南流江浊度增加已明显影响着生态系统结构与功能,需要密切关注和进一步研究。