Assimilating satellite SST/SSH and in-situ T/S profiles with the Localized Weighted Ensemble Kalman Filter

The Localized Weighted Ensemble Kalman Filter(LWEnKF) is a new nonlinear/non-Gaussian data assimilation(DA) method that can effectively alleviate the filter degradation problem faced by particle filtering, and it has great prospects for applications in geophysical models. In terms of operational applications, along-track sea surface height(AT-SSH), swath sea surface temperature(S-SST) and in-situ temperature and salinity(T/S) profiles are assimilated using the LWEnKF in the northern South China ...     

Bias correction of sea surface temperature retrospective fore-casts in the South China Sea

Offline bias correction of numerical marine forecast products is an effective post-processing means to improve forecast accuracy. Two offline bias correction methods for sea surface temperature(SST) forecasts have been developed in this study: a backpropagation neural network(BPNN) algorithm, and a hybrid algorithm of empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis and BPNN(named EOF-BPNN). The performances of these two methods are validated using bias correction experiments implemented in the South...     

20世纪夏威夷最大海啸的地质证据

夏威夷历史海啸记录包含远距离和当地产生的海啸,由这些事件引起的人员伤亡和对建筑、环境造成的破坏与损失是惊人的,但是在近来才有一些对历史海啸沉积事件的综合性的研究.夏威夷多岩石的海岸线的演变主要是海啸和风暴的贡献,然而区分风暴和海啸是很难的,特别是相关的小的历史海啸事件.因此夏威夷海啸的研究往往关注于大的古海啸沉积事件.研究表明远距离产生的事件,如1946年阿留申海啸对瓦胡岛岩石岸线的演变具有重要影响.活火山也有助于岩石岸线的形成,且容易引发当地海啸.现代活动的Kilauea火山南侧海域的逐步沉降并没有引起太平洋范围内的破坏性的大海啸,但引发了局部一系列重要的海啸事件,这些事件的周期被估计认为是200年.     

Validation and application of soil moisture active passive sea surface salinity observation over the Changjiang River Estuary

Using sea surface salinity(SSS)observation from the soil moisture active passive(SMAP)mission,we analyzed the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of SSS around Changjiang River(Yangtze River)Estuary for the period of September 2015 to August 2018.First,we found that the SSS from SMAP is more accurate than soil moisture and ocean salinity(SMOS)mission observation when comparing with the in situ observations.Then,the SSS signature of the Changjiang River freshwater was analyzed using SMAP data and the river discharge data from the Datong hydrological station.The results show that the SSS around the Changjiang River Estuary is significantly lower than that of the open ocean,and shows significant seasonal variation.The minimum value of SSS appears in July and maximum SSS in December.The root mean square difference of daily SSS between SMAP observation and in situ observation is around 3 in both summer and winter,which is much lower than the annual range of SSS variation.In summer,the diffusion direction of the Changjiang River freshwater depicted by SSS from SMAP is consistent with the path of freshwater from in situ observation,suggesting that SMAP observation may be used in coastal seas in monitoring the diffusion and advection of freshwater discharge.     

团结奋进 再创辉煌——中国海洋卫星事业发展20年回顾

我国是管理海域辽阔,海岸线漫长,资源丰富的海洋大国。大力发展海洋事业,事关国家的长治久安和经济社会的可持续发展。加强对海洋的观测和了解,准确预报海洋灾害,合理开发利用海洋资源,努力保护海洋生态环境,有效维护国家海洋主权与权益,是广大海洋工作者和海洋管理部门的神圣使命和战略任务。国家海洋局从建局以来,就一直积极发展海洋科学技术,着力强化海洋观测系统建设,不断提高对海洋的持久观测能力,为海洋事业实现跨越式发展提供了强有力的支撑。     

海洋湖沼通报征稿启事

一、本刊为海洋与湖沼科学的综合性学术刊物。内容包括:1.海洋与湖沼科学研究的论文、调查及实验报告;2.海洋与湖沼科学的综合评述、重要书刊和论文的评介;3.国内外海洋与湖沼科学的先进经验及学术动态。二、投稿须知1.来稿的图、表及说明要清楚、准确,置于文中相应位置。论文要求文字、语法符合汉语规范,标点使用要恰当。电子稿书写请按宋体5号字、1.5倍行距。文中使用照片的,请寄冲     

国际海岸清洁日 斑海豹协会在行动

2011年9月17日是国际海岸清洁日。由辽宁省盘锦市保护斑海豹志愿者协会发起,盘锦市180多名环保志愿者来到辽河入海口的斑海豹栖息地三道沟和六道沟海岸,捡拾海边不可降解的白色垃圾。这是盘锦市第一次组织和参与国际海岸清洁日活动。这次活动早在8月就在盘锦市保护斑海豹志愿者协会论坛上发帖通知,并在《辽河晚报》发布了征召志愿者的公告。协会会员和广大志愿者积极报名参加,上至70多岁的老人,下至7、8岁的孩童,有的是一家三口自驾车参加活动。17日是个周末,     

科技短消息

腰围增大,大脑萎缩?与相对较瘦的老年人相比,肥胖老年人的大脑认知区域较小,这使得他们的大脑年龄至少比实际年龄老了16岁。从前有研究表明,中年肥胖会增大日后患老年痴呆的风险,而老年痴呆通常伴随着大脑萎缩。美国加州大学的科学家们选择了94     

关于日本主张以“中间线”划分东海的几点思考

日本新任首相安倍晋三于2006年10月8日访华。他就任后第一次出访就到中国,说明很重视与中国和亚洲的外交关系,旨在改变小泉时代留下的政治后遗症——中日关系冷淡,日本亚洲外交危机。安倍访华期间中日发表联合公报,其内容包括坚持东海磋商,加快共同开发步伐,寻求双方都能接受的方案等。安倍访华标志着中日紧张关系开始缓和,但并不等于中日东海问题就此迎刃而解。中日东海问题是长期形成的,错综复杂的,不可能通过一两次首脑访问就能解决根本问题,充其量只能起到遏制势头恶化的作用。以笔者之见,在东海问题上日方仍然掌握着主动权,海上保安厅出动武装舰船和飞机始终控制着我国固有领土——钓鱼岛及其周边海域。至今没有任何迹象表明日本政府要收回授权民间企业在东海试开采的成命,强行试钻的可能性依然存在。中日双方虽然就东海共同开发达成继续进行磋商的一致意见,但从发展趋势分析最终仍有利日方。     

绿色撒哈拉

占非洲面积将近三分之一的撒哈拉沙漠一度是热带稀树大草原,野生动植物种类丰富,充满鱼类的湖泊星罗棋布,而且有许多古人类生活在那里。“在约5 550~10 500年以前,撒哈拉是理想的生存地带,”斯特凡·克洛普林这样说过。克洛普林是德国科隆大学的地质考古学家,在过去的30年里,他     

Effects of organic carbon consumption on denitrifier community composition and diversity along dissolved oxygen vertical profiles in lake sediment surface

At present,the understanding of the dynamics of denitrifiers at different dissolved oxygen(DO)layers under organic carbon consumption within the surface sediments remains inadequate.In this study,high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR targeting nirS gene were used to analyze the denitrifier abundance dynamics,community composition,and structure for aerobic(DO 0.5-6.9 mg/L),hypoxic-anoxic(DO 0-0.5 mg/L),and anoxic(DO 0 mg/L)layers in surface sediments under organic carbon consumption.Based on the analysis of nirS gene abundance,the values of denitrifying bacteria decreased with organic carbon consumption at different DO layers.When the bacterial species abundance at the genus level were compared between the high-carbon and low-carbon sediments,there was significant increase in 6 out of 36,7 out of 36 and 6 out of 36 genera respectively for the aerobic,hypoxic-anoxic and anoxic layers.On the other hand,14 out of 36,9 out of 36 and 15 out of 36 genera showed significant decrease in bacterial species abundance respectively for the aerobic,hypoxic-anoxic and anoxic layers.Additionally,14 out of 36,20 out of 36,and 15 out of 36 genera had no change in bacterial species abundance respectively for the aerobic,hypoxic-anoxic,and anoxic layers.This indicates that the carbon utilization ability of different denitrifiers on each DO layers was generally different from each other.Diversity of denitrifying bacteria also presented significant differences in different DO layers between the high-and low-carbon content sediment layers.Moreover,under the high-carbon and low-carbon content,the abundance of nirS gene showed a high peak within the hypoxic-anoxic regions,suggesting that this region might be the main distribution area for the denitrifying bacteria within the surface sediments.Furthermore,community of unique denitrifiers occurred in different DO layers and the adaptive changes of the denitrifier community followed the organic carbon consumption.     

国家海洋局副局长陈连增在“国际极地年中国行动”启动仪式上介绍中国行动计划

尊敬的曾培炎副总理,各位来宾,女士们,先生们:早上好!中国是第四次国际极地年的发起国之一,国际极地年活动得到了中国政府的高度重视。     

国家海洋局局长孙志辉在“国际极地年中国行动”启动仪式上的讲话

尊敬的曾培炎副总理,各位来宾,女士们,先生们:早上好!国际极地年中国行动计划启动仪式今天在这里隆重举行,充分体现了我国     

活动边缘带沉积盆地的地质模式

具有最长活动边缘带的海盆分布于太平洋周边。属于这种类型的海盆有:与印度洋东北部巽他岛弧、大西洋西部和西南部安的列斯和桑威奇岛弧以及西北部的马尔卡边缘有联系的海盆;地中海带西端(第勒尼尔,阿尔伏郎)和与古老岛弧共轭的黑海—里海地域的海盆。总的来说此类海盆占据不大的面积(将近300万km2),其中陆架上为200万km2和胡安德富卡海洋板块与阿拉斯加湾的数拾万平方千米。沉积盖层的总体积为600万km3,即将近3%的整个层状岩石圈。这些数值证明了这一组海盆在地球潜在的含油气性平衡表上只占有不大的份额。按深部构造和地质动力学环境特点,…     

世界洋底金属成矿作用的地质-地球物理分区

当前,在世界洋底已发现的主要和分布最广的固体矿产有铁锰结核、钴锰结壳、相当于黄铁矿型矿石的深海多金属硫化物、磷钙土、金属矿与金刚石砂矿。俄罗斯“南方海洋地质”和“北方海洋地质”联合在安哥拉—巴西和马斯克林群岛—澳大利亚完成了宽带状定期横穿海洋的地质—地球物理研究工作。位于8°—20°S之间的大西洋和印度洋近赤道海区的海洋地质工作总面积超过1000万km2。当前这个地区是世界海洋研究程度最高的地区之一。它包含了不同成因的地质构造和海洋岩石圈所有的地质时代区间。在这个地区所获得的资料是研究世界海洋岩石圈主要的…     

西北太平洋Argo剖面浮标观测及其应用研究

国际Argo计划的实施,就好象是在全球广阔的深海大洋中设置了3000多个"气球探空观测站",从而形成立体的全球大洋长期观测系统,为研究海洋提供前所未有的深广视角,使人类企图深入了解和掌握大尺度实时海洋的变化,提高天气和海洋预报的精度,有效防御全球日益严重的天气和海洋灾害的愿望终将成为现实。     

藻类基因组研究进展与EST技术的应用

藻类在自然界中广泛存在,目前已知大约有3万余种.主要生长在水中、潮湿的岩石上、墙壁、树干上及土壤表面.它们对环境条件要求不高,适应能力强,是新生活区的先锋植物之一.     

维生素E对水生动物抗氧化作用的研究进展

对于水生动物来说,氧化应激是机体经常遇到的一种应激反应,若体内氧化系统和抗氧化系统的动态平衡失调,氧自由基则大量产生,从而使机体处于过氧化状态,并导致脂质过氧化等一系列损伤。而水     

南海北部陆坡中尺度涡的演化及传播规律分析

The continental slope in the northern South China Sea(SCS) is rich in mesoscale eddies which play an important role in transport and retention of nutrients and biota. In this study, we investigate the statistical properties of eddy distributions and propagation in a period of 24 years between 1993 and 2016 by using the altimeter data. A total of 147 eddies are found in the continental slope region(CSR), including 70 cyclonic eddies(CEs) and 77 anticyclonic eddies(ACEs). For those eddies that appear in the CSR, the surrounding areas of Dongsha Islands(DS) and southwest of Taiwan(SWT) are considered as the primary sources, where eddies generated contribute more than 60% of the total. According to the spatial distribution of eddy relative vorticity, eddies are weakening as propagating westward. Although both CEs and ACEs roughly propagate along the slope isobaths, there are discrepancies between CEs and ACEs. The ACEs move slightly faster in the zonal direction, while the CEs tend to cross the isobaths with large bottom depth change. The ACEs generally move further into the basin areas after leaving the CSR while CEs remain around the CSR. The eddy propagation on the continental slope is likely to be associated with mean flow at a certain degree because the eddy trajectories have notable seasonal signals that are consistent with the seasonal cycle of geostrophic current. The results indicate that the eddy translation speed is statistically consistent with geostrophic velocity in both magnitude and direction.