Web服务驱动的地理信息系统研究

Web服务具有松散耦合、高度集成、基于标准规范等优点。将Web服务的这些特性应用到地理信息系统的开发中，提出了Web服务驱动的地理信息系统架构。该架构对现有的Web服务技术进行了改进，引入了服务语义化描述、动态服务组合以及主动服务等概念。最后，对Web服务驱动的地理信息系统进行了测试（以服务发现为例），验证了系统架构的可行性和合理性。     

基于柔顺机构的双驱动仿生水母设计

水母以其高效的运动性能和灵活的感知功能,近年来在仿生学领域受到了广泛关注,可广泛应用于海洋探测和环境治理等领域。基于仿生学原理,从模拟水母的运动特性和趋光功能的角度出发,提出了一款双驱动的仿生水母,通过基于柔性机构的仿生鳍条实现水中扑动推进,通过基于管状折纸机构实现水下喷射推进,通过双驱动结构的协同驱动设计,有效提升水母推进效率。实验结果表明：双驱动模式下的仿生水母推进效率更高,摆动推进和喷射推进的最大推进力之比约为 2.7︰1,最大运行速度可达 100 mm/s,能够实现灵活的水下全向运动。模拟水母趋光特性,结合机器学习算法构建趋光控制系统,能够实现水下的趋光运动。     

基于北斗短报文卫星通信网络的海洋倾废记录仪数据实时安全传输系统

为保障海洋倾废数据传输的实时性和安全性,有效遏制违法倾废行为,文章设计海洋倾废记录仪数据实时安全传输系统并模拟应用。研究结果表明:该系统基于北斗短报文卫星通信网络,采用AES与RSA相结合的加密算法,集成DTU模块、北斗短报文卫星通信模块和Hellobeidou云平台等,可在移动通信网络盲区实时传输海洋倾废记录仪采集的数据,数据加解密兼具快速性和安全性,与经由中国联通通信网络传输数据相比更加持续和稳定,可用于监控倾废船舶,便于执法人员及时获取违法倾废信息并现场查证,保护海洋生态环境。     

轮缘驱动型潮流能发电系统启动特性研究与分析

轮缘驱动型潮流能发电系统将导流罩、叶轮和发电机集成为一体化设计,叶轮直接驱动发电机旋转发电。最小启动流速是衡量系统性能的一个重要指标,决定其启动性能的主要因素为叶轮启动力矩、系统摩擦力矩和发电机齿槽转矩。对影响系统启动性能的主要因素进行了分析,详细分析了叶轮启动转矩和发电机齿槽转矩特性。使用理论分析结合有限元仿真方法分析了轮缘驱动型潮流能发电样机系统的启动特性,并通过样机实验验证了理论分析的正确性。本文的分析结论可以为轮缘驱动型潮流能发电系统的设计和分析提供一定理论指导。     

基于"北斗"卫星导航系统的长报文通信协议

"北斗"卫星导航系统已经广泛应用在海洋、气象、水利和农业等领域中,利用短报文方式传输各类观测数据。文中介绍了一个基于"北斗"卫星导航系统的长报文通信协议,很好地解决了利用"北斗"卫星导航系统长报文传输时存在的数据丢包问题。     

海洋站观测资料监控可视化及系统设计研究

面向海洋站各类报文的监控统计,解除前台可视化与数据提取的紧耦合关系,提供统一部署、统一维护的解决方案。系统基于asp.net MVC框架搭建,建立报文监控数据库,将监控的各类报文接收状态及统计信息入库,解决单一种类报文统计效率较低的问题。通过asp.net MVC技术实现前台页面的搭建,实现业务逻辑、数据实体以及视图的分离。通过面向接口的编程方式提高系统的灵活性,降低各层之间的依赖程度。使用Entity Framework实现领域模型的设计方式。通过spring.net技术实现面向切面编程,在实现MVC架构的前提下简化开发。     

基于电磁力驱动的海洋调查装备抛载机构设计

针对目前我国大洋科考活动中急需的科考仪器设备吊装布放需求,结合传统的吊装释放器特点,本文设计了一种新型的基于电磁驱动法的红外遥控式海洋装备甲板吊放释放机构,提出了微小电磁力控制重型吊载力的杠杆式设计吊装及抛载设计方法,并针对作业工况和结构特点,引入了计算机辅助设计（Computer Aided Design,CAD）、计算机辅助工程（Computer Aided Engineering,CAE）技术,进行了机构设计,采用有限元法对承载结构进行了结构力学分析,对比分析了3种材料力学性能,给出了材料选取方案,以期为大洋仪器设备设计提供借鉴和创新性方案指导。     

基于Backscatter技术的假冒源地址攻击研究

假冒源地址攻击具有容易实施不易被追溯的特点,这种攻击行为在互联网上日益猖獗。网络安全正面临着前所未有的挑战,对假冒源地址攻击的研究是一项重要课题。文中概述假冒源地址攻击的主要特征;阐释Backscatter技术和ICMP协议的工作原理;从宏观和微观2个视角,研究CAIDA网络Telescopes工程所捕获PCAP流量的最新数据。借助于数据挖掘和统计分析技术,从PCAP流量数据中得到ICMP报文,并对所得报文跟踪分析了假冒源地址攻击信息。经过统计汇总,得出假冒源地址攻击所对应主要类型,并对集中度高的几种做了深入研究,通过对这些攻击类型的详细分析,探索了最新DoS/DDoS中假冒源地址攻击方式及其危害。最后总结全文并展望下一步研究工作。     

多驱动因素下海岸带脆弱性研究进展

基于大量有关海岸带脆弱性文献的分析梳理,从动态角度构建了海岸带脆弱性概念体系,重点总结了引发海岸带脆弱性问题的驱动因素及其作用机制。在此基础上,深入分析了海岸带脆弱性定量评估方法与其适用范围和优缺点,包括IPCC通用方法、PSR模型、CVI指数等。海岸带极端气候事件和相关风险事件发生机制研究、海岸带自然生态系统的适应能力研究、人地系统要素过程的综合集成研究以及地方性在脆弱性评估中的应用研究将是未来海岸带脆弱性研究的主要方向。     

北部湾海浪季节变化和驱动因素的数值模拟研究

基于NCEP CFSV2再分析风场驱动SWAN模型,对南海至北部湾为期1年的海浪逐时过程进行了数值模拟,利用Jason-2卫星和近岸浮标整年观测数据检验了模拟效果。在此基础上,评估了模型空间网格尺度对北部湾内波浪模拟的影响,分析了波浪的季节变化特征,辨析了局地风和南海传入浪对海湾波浪的驱动贡献。研究显示:（1）较Jason-2卫星观测值,有效波高模拟值的均方根误差和分散系数分别约为0.4 m和0.2;较北部湾湾顶近岸浮标逐时观测值,有效波高的均方根误差和分散系数分别约为0.2 m和0.4,平均波周期的均方根误差和分散系数分别约为0.6 s和0.2,平均波向的均方根误差约为30°;（2）空间网格分辨率为12'×12'的模型对北部湾20 m以深开敞海域波浪的模拟效果良好,模拟值较2'×2'模型的平均相对偏差在10%以下;（3）北部湾冬季盛行东北向波,夏季盛行偏南向浪,季风转换期盛行东南向浪,全年波浪在季风期强于季风转换期,冬季最强、冬夏转换期最弱;（4）局地风对北部湾波浪的驱动贡献自湾口向湾内增强,季风期强于季风转换期;南海传入浪的驱动贡献自湾口向湾内减弱,季风转换期强于季风期;海湾中部和北部的波浪以局地风为主控因素,海南岛南部和东部水域以传入浪的影响为主,海南岛西南水域受局地风和传入浪的共同控制。     

Damage Detection Methods for Offshore Platforms Based on Wavelet Packet Transform

1 .IntroductionInthe whole service period of the platforms ,some damage is unavoidable due to the corrosion,impact ,fatigue and so on.The damage whould cause the structures’ultimate capacity and safety de-crease .Presently,it is generally acceptedthat the detection of damage involes considerable statisticaluncertainties,thus lot of efforts is made for the damage probalility model ,for example Song and Lu(1996) usedthefuzzy-settheoryto estimatethe humanerrorsthroughthe definitionof inspection…     

南海东沙海域内孤立波形态研究

本文基于反射地震数据和MODIS遥感数据,对南海东沙海域内孤立波及孤立波群的形态有了系统的认识。内孤立波存在上升型和下降型两种极性波,又根据波形分成“钟形”、“平底形”和“碗形”三种类型,孤立波在波谷处的形状与孤立波振幅有关。单个内孤立波在传播一段时间后,受到各种因素的影响,会发育成波群。东沙海域的不同位置存在两种波群:“有序型”波群和“复杂型”波群,结合它们的位置及波群传播过程,认为这两种波群可能是孤立波从深海向陆架的整个传播过程中的两个阶段,“有序型”波群在被东沙岛阻碍后,受到各种海底地形、东沙环礁、波-波相互作用的影响,转变成“复杂型”波群。     

A modeling study of acoustic propagation through movingshallow-water solitary wave packets

Propagation of 400-Hz sound through continental-shelf internal solitary wave packets is shown by numerical simulation to be strongly influenced by coupling of normal modes. Coupling in a packet is controlled by the mode coefficients at the point where sound enters the packet, the dimensions of the waves and packet, and the ambient depth structures of temperature and salinity. In the case of a moving packet, changes of phases of the incident modes with respect to each other dominate over the other factors, altering the coupling over time and thus inducing signal fluctuations. The phasing within a moving packet varies with time scales of minutes, causing coupling and signal fluctuations with comparable time scales. The directionality of energy flux between high-order acoustic modes and (less attenuated) low-order modes determines a gain factor for long-range propagation. A significant finding is that energy flux toward low-order modes through the effect of a packet near a source favoring high-order modes will give net amplification at distant ranges. Conversely, a packet far from a source sends energy into otherwise quiet higher modes. The intermittency of the coupling and of high-mode attenuation via bottom interaction means that signal energy fluctuations and modal diversity fluctuations at a distant receiver are complementary, with energy fluctuations suggesting a source-region packet and mode fluctuations suggesting a receiver-region packet. Simulations entailing 33-km propagation are used in the analyses, imitating the SWARM experiment geometry, allowing comparison with observations     

Stochastization of the propagation of a surface wave packet in the field of an internal wave packet

The trapping of a surface wave packet by a packet of internal waves is discussed in this paper. Applying the criterion for non-linear resonance overlap, we have obtained a sufficient condition for stochasticity of the surface wave packet.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin.     

有界赤道大洋波包解及其年际年代际变率

Linearized shallow water perturbation equations with approximation in an equatorial β plane are used to obtain the analytical solution of wave packet anomalies in the upper bounded equatorial ocean. The main results are as follows. The wave packet is a superposition of eastward travelling Kelvin waves and westward travelling Rossby waves with the slowest speed, and satisfies the boundary conditions of eastern and western coasts, respectively.The decay coefficient of this solution to the north and south sides of the equator is inversely proportional only to the phase velocity of Kelvin waves in the upper water. The oscillation frequency of the wave packet, which is also the natural frequency of the ocean, is proportional to its mode number and the phase velocity of Kelvin waves and is inversely proportional to the length of the equatorial ocean in the east-west direction. The flow anomalies of the wave packet of Mode 1 most of the time appear as zonal flows with the same direction. They reach the maximum at the center of the equatorial ocean and decay rapidly away from the equator, manifested as equatorially trapped waves. The flow anomalies of the wave packet of Mode 2 appear as the zonal flows with the same direction most of the time in half of the ocean, and are always 0 at the center of the entire ocean which indicates stagnation, while decaying away from the equator with the same speed as that of Mode 1. The spatial structure and oscillation period of the wave packet solution of Mode 1 and Mode 2 are consistent with the changing periods of the surface spatial field and time coefficient of the first and second modes of complex empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis of flow anomalies in the actual equatorial ocean. This indicates that the solution does exist in the real ocean, and that El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and Indian Ocean dipole(IOD) are both related to Mode 2.After considering the Indonesian throughflow, we can obtain the length of bounded equatorial ocean by taking the sum of that of the tropical Indian Ocean and the tropical Pacific Ocean, thus this wave packet can also explain the decadal variability(about 20 a) of the equatorial Pacific and Indian Oceans.     

利用小波包分析和混沌特征提取进行船舶辐射噪声分类

基于船舶辐射噪声信号具有非线性、非平稳的特征，提出采用提取船舶辐射噪声信号的非线性混沌特征量和多尺度小波能量特征，并将两者综合作为特征参数输入神经网络分类器进行船舶分类识别。实验结果表明，该方法能较好地区分不同类型的船舶。     

旋转层化二维海洋波动连续谱的波包特征分析

对旋转层化二维海洋波动中重力惯性波和涡旋波连续谱波包的结构以及演变特征作了计算和分析,并得到以下结论:这两类波动的结构与演变各不相同。连续谱波包的演变不但依赖基本场的分布,而且还依赖初始扰动的结构。根据初始场的不同,扰动可衰减,也可先增长、再衰减,有时增长还很大,但其最终是衰减的。连续谱波包的结构随时间变化,然而构成该波包的连续谱其结构则不随时间变化,这是两者的最大差异。连续谱波包的上述演变特性表明,在有限时段扰动的演变中连续谱是不能被忽略的,在海洋波动演变中连续谱和离散谱的作用均须予以考虑和重视。     

基于MODIS遥感影像的安达曼海内波特征参数分布及生成周期研究

本文基于2017年634幅MODIS影像分析了安达曼海3个典型区域的内波空间分布特征，定量统计了波峰线长度、波包面积等特征参数，利用射线追踪法探讨了内波的潜在激发源并推算了内波的生成周期。研究表明，安达曼海北部海域的内波空间尺度较小，前导波波峰线的平均长度约为107 km，平均波包面积约为1 860 km2，内波的传播方向主要为东向以及西南向。安达曼海中部海域内波前导波波峰线的平均长度约为133 km，平均波包面积约为3 503 km2，超过70%的内波沿东偏北方向传播。苏门答腊岛北部海域内波前导波波峰线的平均长度约为131 km，平均波包面积约为2 997 km2，内波的传播方向主要为东向、东北向及东南向。安达曼海共有7个潜在内波激发源，内波的生成时间间隔介于11.5～13 h，具有明显的半日周期特征。     

基于小波分析的海洋平台实时结构健康监测

由于海洋平台结构长期处于恶劣的海洋环境中,并受到各种载荷的交互作用,结构容易产生各种形式的损伤。因此,对海洋平台进行实时监测有着十分重要的现实意义。以单筒简易导管架平台为例,主要在结构损伤的判定和定位两方面对海洋平台的实时结构健康监测进行研究,结果表明通过对结构响应信号进行小波分析,小波变换系数和小波包能量分布可以很好地定义损伤识别指标。     

Adaptive multiuser detection for underwater acoustical channels

An underwater acoustic local area network (ALAN) provides multipoint-to-point telemetry between many high-rate, ocean-bottom sensors and a central, surface-deployed receiver in the 10-30 kHz vertical acoustical channel. Ocean-bottom modems initiate the transmission process by requesting data channel time slots via a common narrow-band request channel. Request packets overlap in time and frequency in this channel, and the throughput and average transmission delay rely heavily on the successful resolution of the request packet collisions. This paper presents the design, analysis, and experimental demonstration of a request channel receiver capable of resolving collisions between several asynchronous and cochannel packets. The receiver algorithm differs from standard capture schemes (by demodulating the data from both strong and weak transmitters), conventional spread-spectrum receivers (by overcoming the near-far problem), and existing multiple-access demodulation techniques (by adapting to the number of interfering signals, and the unknown phase, Doppler, amplitude, and timing of each signal in the collision). The receiver demodulates the collided packets by decision-directed techniques through a novel method of estimating the interference for each user which minimizes error propagation due to inaccurate tentative decisions. An inwater experiment illustrates that this technique is extremely desirable for collision resolution in underwater acoustic local area networks, and also for underwater autonomous vehicles with both sidescan sonar as well as acoustic telemetry links