用磁化水培养等鞭藻3011的初步研究

本文主要报道不同磁场强度的磁化水对等鞭藻繁殖作用的影响。１材料和方法安排５组磁场强度，分别为０．０５，０．１，０．３，０．６，０．９Ｔ，一个对照组。５０００ｍｌ的三角烧瓶６个。对海水进行沉淀、沙滤、陶瓷过滤，经磁化水器后，即为磁化水（不煮沸），尔后加入营养盐ＮａＮＯ３６０ｍｇ；ＫＨ２ＰＯ４４ｍｇ；ＦｅＣ６Ｈ５Ｏ０．５ｍｇ；ＮａＳｉＯ３５ｍｇ；ＶＢ１１００ｕｇ；ＶＢ１２０．５ｕｇ；溶于１０００ｍｌ海水中煮沸。室温１５～１８．５℃，光照２４０～２１６０１Ｘ，每天２４ｈ，，培养期间每天搅瓶６次。每天上…     

掺Eu~(2+)的卤磷酸盐的发光特性和内部能量传递

探讨Ｂａ２＋离子搀杂对（Ｃａ０．５Ｓｒ０．５）５（ＰＯ４）３Ｃｌ：Ｅｕ２＋和（Ｃａ０．４Ｓｒ０．６）５（ＰＯ４）３Ｃｌ：Ｅｕ２＋量子发光效率的影响。当用Ｂａ２＋离子代替Ｃａ２＋或Ｓｒ２＋离子进入晶体时，Ｅｕ２＋离子的发光特性发生改变：发射峰的峰值降低，热猝灭的温度升高。并采用位型坐标理论给予解释。根据晶体的结构特征，对占据两个不等当晶体学位置的Ｅｕ２＋离子发光中心之间的能量传递进行了探讨     

渤海南部S3孔晚第四纪海相地层的划分及环境演变

根据微体化石、粒度、孢粉、粘土矿物和碳酸钙含量等多项分析资料,以及古地磁、１４Ｃ和ＥＳＲ等项测年资料,划分出７个海相地层,它们是：中更新世中、晚期的Ｈ７（４１７．０～４６０．０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和Ｈ６（１５７．５～２３１．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）海相层;晚更新世前半期末次间冰期的Ｈ５（１００．６～１２４．３ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和Ｈ４（７６．５～８７．６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）海相层,末次冰期里两间冰阶的Ｈ３（５８．２～６７．４ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）和Ｈ２（２８～３６ｋａＢ．Ｐ．）海相层,以及冰后期的Ｈ１（８．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来）海相层。其中Ｈ７为渤海海底最新确定的年代最老的海相层。以Ｓ３孔为主,与渤海中部的ＢＣ－１孔和西部的辛集孔对比,阐明了渤海晚第四纪海侵海退古环境演变历史     

有机锡对海洋微藻的生理效应 Ⅲ.三苯基锡和三丁基锡对金藻和扁藻呼吸作用的影响

研究了不同浓度（０．２、０．４、０．６、０．８、１．０μｇ／ｄｍ３）的三苯基氯化锡（ＴＰＴＣ）和三丁基氯化锡（ＴＢＴＣ）在不同温度（１８、２０、２２、２６、２８℃）下，培养不同时间（１２、２４ｈ）对扁藻（Ｐｌａｔｙｍｏｎａｓｓｐ．）和湛江叉鞭金藻（Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｒｉａｚｈａｎｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）呼吸作用的影响，指出温度越高，２种有机锡的毒性越大；培养时间不同，２种藻呼吸速率发生不同的变化；扁藻对有机锡的耐受力大于金藻。     

11种微藻脂类和EPA／DHA组成的研究

研究了１１种微藻在可比较的条件下,其生物量、总脂含量和多不饱和脂肪酸（ＥＰＡ／ＤＨＡ）有组成。结果表明：卡德藻（Ｔｅｔｒａｓｅｌｍｉｓ ｓｐ．）的生物量最大,细胞干重可达０．１４０ｇ／（Ｌ．ｄ）;南极冰藻（Ｂｅｒｋｅｌｅｙａ ｒｕｔｉｌａｎｓ）次之,可达０．０７４ｇ／（Ｌ．ｄ）。以叉鞭金藻（Ｄｉｃｒａｔｅｒｉａ ｉｎｏｒｎａｔａ）和球等鞭金藻（Ｉｓｏｃｈｒｙｓｉｓ ｇａｌｂａｎａ）的总酯含量最高,     

台湾海峡西部海水二氧化碳体系各分量与环境因子的相关性

据１９８４年５月至１９８５年２月调查资料，计算了该水体中二氧化碳体系各分量的含量，研究了它们与ｐＨ，ＨＣＯ＾－３／ＣＯ＾２－３，Ａｌｋ，ＤＩＮ，ＰＯ＾３－４－９，Ｃｈｌ－ａＤＯ，Ｓ，ｔ等环境因子的相关性。结果表明ＰＣＯ３，ＣＯ２（Ｔ），ＨＣＯ＾－３，ＣＯ＾２－３与ｐＨ，ＨＣＯ＾－３／ＣＯ＾２－３呈极显著的线性相关；ＨＣＯ＾－３，ＣＯ＾２－３ΣＣＯ２与Ａｌｋ也呈非常显著的线性相关。     

台湾海峡西部海域水体中的二氧化碳体系

据１９８４年５月至１９８５年２月的调查资料，计算了该水体中二氧化碳体系各要素的统计值，着重研究了它们的季节变化及其与水文，化学和生物因子的关系。结果表明该水体中ＰＣＯ２，ＣＯ２（Ｔ），ＣＯ＾２＾－３，ＨＣＯ３，∑ＣＯ２，ＣＯ＾２＾－３／∑ＣＯ２，ＨＣＯ３／∑ＣＯ２，ＨＣＯ２，ＣＯ２（Ｔ），ＣＯ＾２＾－３，∑ＣＯ２／Ｃｌ，Ωｃ，Ωａ和Ｃ：Ｎ：Ｐ平均值依次分别为２５１ｄＰａ，８．４３μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ×３     

乳品厂污水养殖螺旋藻的研究

探讨了螺旋藻在乳品厂污水中生长的生态条件及藻对污水中营养盐及有机质的去除效率。结果表明,低接种密度有利于藻的增殖。乳品厂污水需要经过一定的前处理。添另碳酸钠（ＮａＣＯ３）调节ＰＨ值并且适量添加尿素（ＣＯ（ＮＨ２）２）调节氮、磷比,最佳ＰＨ值为１０．６０,最佳氮、磷比为２１：１。在此条件下螺旋藻的蛋白质含量可达６７．３５％。污水中ＣＯＤ、ＰＯ４－Ｐ、Ｔ－Ｐ、Ｔ－Ｎ及ＮＨ４－Ｎ的去除率分别达到５４．８     

改性膨润土对赤潮落种及海水中DRP,COD的去除效应

实验室研究了不同条件制备的改性膨润土对赤潮生物及海水中ＤＲＰ,ＣＯＤ的去除效应,结果表明,改性膨润土有效Ａｌ为１．５％时去除效应最好,经Ｎａ２ＳＯ４,Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３改性的膨润土在ｐＨ＝５．５时去除效应最佳,改性膨润土的去除效率随Ａｌ／ＳＯ４比值增加而增加,改性膨润土添加絮凝剂醋甲壳质和Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２提高了去除功效。     

河口红树林湿地CH_4通量的日变化研究

１引言 甲烷（ＣＨ４）是大气中除 ＣＯ２外最为丰富的含碳组分,其浓度以每年 ０． ７％－ １． １％的速率递增［１,２］．尽管大气 ＣＨ４含量仅为 ＣＯ２的二百分之一,但却对预计的全球变暖约有 ２０％的贡献率,而ＣＯ２的贡献率约为５０％［３,４］,由这些数据推算得一个分子的ＣＨ４比一个分子的ＣＯ２（目前最重要的温室气体）的增暖潜值高约８０倍． 很多研究者对全球大气ＣＨ４的预算结果均表明,湿地是大气 ＣＨ４最重要的生物源［５,６］,约占全球 ＣＨ４源的 ４０％～５０％［７］．湿地 ＣＨ４通量的日变化研究是正确估…     

营养盐对小球藻的生长、脂肪含量及EPA含量影响的研究

二十碳五烯酸(EPA)是n-3系列高度不饱和脂酸,具有降血脂、抑制血小板聚集、降血压、抗动脉粥样硬化等作用(刘玉军,1987;Clemons, et al.,1985)。人和动物体几乎不能合成EPA,只能从食物中获取,而海藻是不饱和脂防酸的(原始)初级生产者。 在以往研究的基础上,我们选择了EPA含量较高,且易于养殖的小球藻 Chlorella sp-2 (李荷芳等,1999)为原料,用不同的营养液对其进行培养,分析藻体中的脂肪和EPA的含量变化,以便选择能使小球藻生长好、脂肪含量及EPA含量均高的营养条件,为开辟EPA的新来源提供依据。     

合浦珠母贝代谢产物对异枝麒麟菜生长的促进作用

于１９９５年４月间在海南省三亚市、陵水县分别采集合浦珠母贝和异枝麒麟菜并进行混养实验，测定贝释放的三氮（ＮＨ４－Ｎ，ＮＯ３－Ｎ，ＮＯ２－Ｎ）以及藻类对贝释放的三氮的吸收及其生长，在期探讨合浦珠母贝代谢产物促进异枝麒麟菜生长的原因。结果表明，贝释放物中以ＮＨ４－Ｎ为主，ＮＯ３－Ｎ次之，ＮＯ２－Ｎ含量较少；藻对三氮的吸收 依此顺序递减。实验组藻体的生长速率明显高于对照组的，在模拟实验组中，通过加入无机     

The action of heavy metals on the gametes of the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.)-II. Uptake of copper and zinc and their effect on respiration in the sperm and unfertilized egg

The addition of stock copper and zinc nitrate solutions to filtered seawater (pH 7·91) resulted in a large pH shift which was more pronounced with copper. The pH shift was minimized by increasing the buffering capacity of seawater using 10 mm Tris-Tes pH 7·91. Subsequent experimentation was carried out in both unbuffered and buffered seawater.In unbuffered seawater, both copper and zinc had a pronounced inhibitory effect on Mytilus edulis sperm respiration with 50% inhibition occurring at 0.65 mm (41·3 ppm) copper and 1.0 mm (65·4 ppm) zinc. Egg respiration was also inhibited by copper with 50% inhibition occurring at 0.9 mm (57·2 ppm) whereas zinc inhibited egg respiration by only 30% at 1·5 mM (98·1 ppm).In buffered seawater, both copper and zinc produced an inhibitory effect on sperm respiration. However, with copper the inhibition was much reduced whereas zinc had tthe same inhibitory effect as in unbuffered seawater. In contrast to unbuffered seawater, egg respiration was stimulated by copper but zinc produced a comparable respiratory inhibition. The uptake of both copper and zinc in sperm and egg in buffered seawater increased with increasing metal concentration. Metal ion uptake, when expressed as ng ions μl cell volume^?1, was approximately 3-fold greater in the sperm than in the eggs and in both cases zinc uptake exceeded copper uptake.At a seawater pH of < 7·5, in the absence of copper or zinc, the respiration of both egg and sperm was inhibited. The maximum levels of inhibition at pH 5·4 were 15% and 30% for sperm and egg, respectively.The differing actions of copper on egg respiration in buffered and unbuffered seawater appear to be due to enhanced copper uptake in unbuffered seawater.     

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARSENIC IN SEDIMENTS FROM BOHAI GULF

This paper deals with the geochemical characteristics of arsenic in sediments from Bohai Gulf. The arsenic in seawater, surface sediments and cores is determined. Also measured are other physical and chemical parameters, such as Ni, Fe, C, pH and Eh in sediments. The values of As range from 0.6 to 4.5 ppb in seawater, from 10.0 to 20.9 ppm in surface sediments and from 6.8 to 22.8 ppm in cores.The contents of As from south are higher than those from north. However the As in sediments is the element not affected by pollution.The adsorption and codeposition of Ferric oxide colloid are the major form of transference of As from seawater to sediments in Bohai Gulf.The valence state of As in sediments is HAsO42-     

产碱性纤维素酶海洋细菌的筛选、鉴定及酶学性质研究

用CMC平板筛选方法,从青岛近海海域海水中分离出一株产碱性纤维素酶的海洋菌株QM11,经16S rDNA鉴定,该菌株为Cytophaga fucicola.对该菌的生物学特性研究表明,其最适生长温度为27℃,生长温度范围为4～48℃,为耐冷菌;在pH7.0～8.0、含3.0%NaC1的培养基条件下,最适宜菌株生长和产酶;QM11所产碱性纤维素酶最适反应温度为40℃,最适反应pH为9.0,在碱性条件下具有较高的酶活性和较好的稳定性.Mn2+、Fe3+对酶反应具有促进作用,Cu2+、Pb2+对酶反应具有抑制作用.     

Measurements of carbon dioxide in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan

The carbon dioxide in seawater (pCO₂) was measured in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan using newly developed equilibrator instrument designed to be free from the correction for addition or extraction of the carbon dioxide from carrier gas. The temperature dependence of pCO₂ was about 4.5%pCO₂/°C for a single seawater sample which was processed as free from biological activity and change in total carbon dioxide content during an experiment. The decrease in pCO₂ during daylight hours due to the photosynthetic fixation was about 30% of the daily mean of pCO₂ during warm months and about 15% during cold months. The effect of carbon dioxide exchange between air and seawater on pCO₂ was about 0.6 ppm in August and about 0.1 ppm in March. This is negligible small compared with the daily oscillation of carbon dioxide in seawater.     

DIRECT DETERMINATION OF STRONTIUM IN SEAWATER BY FLAME EMISSION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

A procedure is suggested for direct determination of Sr in seawater using diluted seawater sample and background emission correction by FES. The standard deviation for 8 ppm Sr is better then 2 %, and the recovery of the added Sr is 97-105 %.     

DETERMINATION OF 210Pb IN MARINE SEDIMENTS AND ITS APPLICATION TO GEOCHRONOLOGY

A method of electrodeposit-PbSO4 precipitation-β counting has been developed for the determination of 210Pb in marine sediments. The chemical yield of lead is 85-90%, coincident with radiochemical yield. The decontamination factors for 90Sr, 106Ru, 137Cs, 60Co, 65Zn, 55+59Fe and 54Mn are greater than 103. The precision is 2.9%. The typical 210Pb profiles of five cores were successfully obtained in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent continental shelf. The sedimentation rates of the cores from five stations of G8132, G8133.G8134, G8135 and G8139 are 0.72, 0.86, 0.37, 0.33 and 0.42 cm/yr respectively.     

Reactions which remove dissolved alumina from seawater

Dissolved alumina can coprecipitate with dissolved silica from seawater enriched with both compounds. This coprecipitation is almost complete within 1h and maintains the concentration of dissolved alumina near naturally occurring oceanic concentrations, well below the alumina concentration of 0.50 ppm A1 found to be stable in filtered Sargasso seawater at 2°C. Only 0.5 ppm Si is necessary to initiate this coprecipitation, which indicates that the concentrations of dissolved alumina that occur in seawater and in interstitial water are a function of the concentration of dissolved silica as well as of the alumina solubility.Dissolved alumina is also quickly removed by solid amorphous silica from solutions of seawater enriched in dissolved alumina and also by several marine sediments in contact with the solution. This process may be an important factor in authigenic mineral formation in marine sediments.     

Coprecipitation of zinc with silica in seawater and in distilled water

Dissolved silica can coprecipitate with zinc from seawater or distilled water that has been enriched with both elements. More than 2 ppm Si are necessary for the reaction to begin. The coprecipitation shows pH dependence. The addition of pulverized illite or natural sediment as suspended particulate material does not enhance the reaction in seawater. The organic material present in the nearshore seawater samples decreases the rate and extent of reaction, as indicated by comparisons of results of experiments using natural seawater with results obtained using UV-irradiated seawater. In unbuffered distilled water the reaction must compete with hydrolysis of zinc; however, reaction does occur, which indicates that the seawater matrix is not essential for the reaction. The coprecipitation can limit the concentration of zinc in seawater to less than the solubility concentration assumed for ZnCO₃ or Zn(OH)₂. The results suggest that a zinc silicate can precipitate directly from seawater or interstitial water as an authigenic mineral.