极端循环载荷下船体裂纹箱型梁的极限强度

旨在了解箱型梁在极端循环载荷下的极限强度特性。利用非线性有限元方法来研究裂纹箱型梁的极限弯矩,分析了5种裂纹模型,探讨了裂纹类型、裂纹位置和裂纹长度的影响。考虑了两种载荷形式应用生死单元法对双向循环弯曲下裂纹扩展进行了模拟;并将由循环载荷引起的累积塑性损伤和疲劳裂纹损伤均考虑在内。无论单向循环还是双向循环,单裂纹模型的极限弯矩均小于双裂纹模型的极限弯矩;单边裂纹是最危险的裂纹类型。进一步分析了极端循环载荷下裂纹箱型梁的极限强度折减机理,得出了极限强度折减归因于这两种损伤的耦合作用的结论,并通过其他箱型梁验证了其适用性。     

腐蚀损伤下海洋平台极限强度计算方法及试验研究

基于非线性有限元方法,计及材料非线性和几何非线性,考虑腐蚀损伤因素提出了一种固定式海洋平台极限强度计算方法,并以墨西哥湾某海域某典型固定式海洋平台为算例,对其进行全寿命期内极限强度计算,获得了该海洋平台极限强度随服役年限的变化规律。同时依据刚度相似和几何相似,设计完好试验模型和腐蚀试验模型,开展极限强度试验研究,将试验结果与计算结果对比分析,通过试验手段验证了腐蚀损伤下海洋平台极限强度计算方法的有效性。     

老龄自升式平台极限承载能力与体系可靠性分析

通过海洋平台桩-土非线性弹簧模型的研究,结合桩基荷载-位移数据计算程序的编制,为工程实际应用提供简便可靠的方法。对某自升式钻井平台在完好状态和受损状态下的极限承载能力作了对比研究,通过逐级增加载荷的方法,基于精确计算模型对平台结构进行非线性分析,具体依据载荷类型、载荷作用力方向等,得到12种计算工况,研究老龄平台在受损状态下对强度储备的影响,并评估其安全状况。考虑外界荷载的随机性和不确定性,基于极限承载能力分析,采用等效荷载法,运用JC法进行平台体系可靠性计算,分析完好平台与老龄平台的结构体系可靠性,并作对比研究。     

导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力分析的 整体推进法及其软件

根据非线性有限元逐步分析的思想,以已有的结构弹性分析软件为计算核心,提出了一种近似分析结构极限承载力的方法——整体推进法;采用整体推进法,以导管架式海洋平台结构线弹性分析软件ENSA为计算核心,考虑结构构件的损伤影响和维修加固效果,编制了导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力近似分析软件UAP,为导管架式海洋平台结构的安全度评定提供了方法和手段;最后对渤海八号生产／储油平台在1993年的状态和JZ20-2MUQ平台的完好状态进行了极限承载力分析。     

固定式海洋平台极限强度试验研究

根据墨西哥湾某海域一典型固定式海洋平台为原型,按照几何相似准则和刚度相似准则设计并制作海洋平台试验模型,开展极限强度模型试验研究,观察并记录其破坏过程。并采用非线性有限元方法(ANSYS)对试验模型进行极限强度数值计算,将计算结果与试验结果对比,结果表明计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,验证非线性有限元方法的有效性。     

导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力分析的整体推进法及其软件

根据非线性有限元逐步分析的思想,以已有的结构弹性分析软件为计算核心,提出了一种近似分析结构极限承载力的方法——整体推进法;采用整体推进法,以导管架式海洋平台结构线弹性分析软件ＥＮＳＡ为计算核心,考虑结构构件的损伤影响和维修加固效果,编制了导管架式海洋平台结构极限承载力近似分析软件ＵＡＰ,为导管架式海洋平台结构的安全度评定提供了方法和手段;最后对渤海八号生产／储油平台在１９９３年的状态和ＪＺ２０２ＭＵＱ平台的完好状态进行了极限承载力分析     

循环载荷作用下损伤船体梁极限强度研究

为了研究循环载荷作用下扶强材初始损伤对其极限强度的影响,进行了14组扶强材的循环加载试验和分析。构造了考虑材料累积损伤完整、断筋和大变形的扶强材单元极限承载力计算公式,提出了相应循环载荷作用下损伤扶强材单元的端缩曲线表达式和船体梁极限强度计算的简化逐步破坏法。编制了循环载荷作用下船体梁损伤极限强度计算程序,进行了船体梁极限强度计算,并与有限元结果进行对比。研究结果表明：改进的损伤扶强材模型可较为准确地描述扶强材材料损伤的完整、断筋和大变形的极限承载力退化情况,扶强材腹板断裂的损伤相较初始大变形及材料累积损伤形式承载力下降程度更明显;所提出的循环载荷作用下损伤船体梁极限强度计算的简化逐步迭代方法,能定量地计算扶强材在不同类型损伤下的极限承载力退化程度,具有较高精度,方便易行,可应用于工程设计。     

复合加载下考虑接触作用的地基承载特性数值分析

港口、海洋工程结构物基础一般处于复合加载状态,其极限承载力通常采用近来引入的极限荷载图进行评价.对位于地基表面的重力式海洋基础,需要考虑基础与地基间的接触特性对极限承载力的影响.以大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS为计算平台,建立了复合加载模式的地基极限承载力数值分析方法;针对饱和黏土地基上的表面基础,利用在ABAQUS平台上开发的接触计算模块,模拟基础与地基间竖向可分离、切向完全粘结的接触作用;进而基于建立的分析方法,进行系统的有限元计算,分析地基的破坏模式随荷载条件的变化,给出地基的极限荷载包络图,并与经典承载力计算公式结果进行对比.研究结果表明,经典承载力计算公式低估了三维荷载条件下的地基极限承载力,有限元计算模型及数值分析方法,可以较好地分析研究地基的失稳机理及承载力特性,并可考虑基础与地基不同的接触条件对破坏模式及组合极限承载力的影响.     

筒型基础竖向极限承载力分析

结合最新研究成果,编制了筒型基础竖向极限承载力计算程序,可根据土壤参数和承载能力要求确定筒型基础的主要尺寸;同时使用ABAQUS和ANSYS软件建立筒型基础有限元模型,采用非线性接触方法模拟筒-土的边界,计算筒型基础的竖向极限承载力,两种软件的计算结果和编制程序的计算结果基本相同;最后对影响筒型基础竖向极限承载力的土壤...     

极端荷载作用下海洋导管架平台体系可靠度分析

采用非线性倒塌分析方法，考虑桩－土－结构的非线性相互作用，研究了导管架平台在极端荷载作用下承载能力的计算模型，分析了平台结构体系在极端荷载作用下的全倒塌全过程，在此基础上，结合蒙特卡洛法，提出了海洋导管架平台结构的体系可靠度计算方法。最后对工程实例－涠11－4C海洋平台的结构进行了体系可靠性分析，并对比分析了不同的荷载效应计算公式对计算经的影响，研究表明计算经满足工程设计要求，便于工程应用。     

Ultimate strength of ship hulls under torsion

For a ship hull with large deck openings such as container vessels and some large bulk carriers, the analysis of warping stresses and hatch opening deformations is an essential part of ship structural analyses. It is thus of importance to better understand the ultimate torsional strength characteristics of ships with large hatch openings. The primary aim of the present study is to investigate the ultimate strength characteristics of ship hulls with large hatch openings under torsion. Axial (warping) as well as shear stresses are normally developed for thin-walled beams with open cross sections subjected to torsion. A procedure for calculating these stresses is briefly described. As an illustrative example, the distribution and magnitude of warping and shear stresses for a typical container vessel hull cross section under unit torsion is calculated by the procedure. By theoretical and numerical analyses, it is shown that the influence of torsion induced warping stresses on the ultimate hull girder bending strength is small for ductile hull materials while torsion induced shear stresses will of course reduce the ship hull ultimate bending moment.     

Undrained Bearing Capacity of Suction Caissons for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations by Numerical Limit Analysis

Determining the ultimate capacity of suction caissons in response to combined vertical, horizontal, and moment loading is essential for their design as foundations for offshore wind turbines. However, the method implemented for stability analysis is quite limited. Numerical limit analysis has an advantage over traditional limit equilibrium methods and nonlinear finite element methods in this case because upper and lower bounds can be achieved to ensure that the exact ultimate capacity of the caisson falls within the appropriate range. This article presents theories related to numerical limit analysis. Simulations are conducted for centrifuge model tests, the findings of which reveal the ability of numerical limit analysis to deal with the inclined pullout capacity of suction caissons. Finally, this article proposes an estimation of the ultimate capacity of a 3.5 MW offshore wind turbine foundation on normally consolidated clay based on the typical environmental parameters of Bothkennar, Scotland. Undrained failure envelopes and safety factors are obtained for suction caissons with different embedment ratios. Failure mechanisms, plastic zones, clay stress distributions, and the influence of the skin friction coefficients of caissons are discussed in detail.     

A Global Refiability Assessment Method on Aging Offshore Platforms with Corrosion and Cracks

Corrosion and fatigue cracks are major threats to the structural integrity of aging offshore platforms.For the rational estimation of the safety levels of aging platforms,a global reliability assessment approach for aging offshore platforms with corrosion and fatigue cracks is presented in this paper.The base shear capacity is taken as the global ultimate strength of the offshore plaffoms,it is modeled as a random process that decreases with time in the presence of corrosion and fatigue crack propagation.And the corrosion and fatigue crack growth rates in the main members and key joints are modeled as random variables.A simulation method of the extreme wave loads which are applied to the structures of offshore platforms is proposed too.Furthermore,the statistics of global base shear capacity and extreme wave loads are obtained by Monte Carlo simulation method.On the basis of the limit state equation of global failure mode,the instantaneous reliability and time dependent reliability assessment methods are both presented in this paper.Finally the instantaueous reliability index and time dependent failure probability of a jacket platform are estimated with different ages in the demonstration example.     

Hybrid Analysis Approach for Stochastic Response of Offshore Jacket Platforms

The dynamic response of offshore platforms is more serious in hostile sea environment than inshallow sea.In this paper,a hybrid solution combined with analytical and numerical method is proposedto compute the stochastic response of fixed offshore platforms to random waves,considering wave-struc-ture interaction and non-linear drag force.The simulation program includes two steps:the first step is theeigenanalysis aspects associated the structure and the second step is response estimation based on spectralequations.The eigenanalysis could be done through conventional finite element method conveniently andits natural frequency and mode shapes obtained.In the second part of the process,the solution of theoffshore structural response is obtained by iteration of a series of coupled spectral equations.Consideringthe third-order term in the drag force,the evaluation of the three-fold convolution should be demanded fornonlinear stochastic response analysis.To demonstrate this method,a numerical analysis is carrie     

正压冲固平台结构分析中基础边界条件的影响

正压冲固平台是一种采用短桩加固基础的新型海洋采油平台,对于这种新型的平台结构,在结构分析和构件强度校核中必须考虑其有限元模型的基础边界条件处理问题。本文提出了正压冲固平台有限元计算模型中基础边界条件的一种简化方法,将两个水平方向的扭转自由度简化为扭转弹簧边界元,其余自由度简化为固定约束。通过计算分析得到了不同的边界约束刚度系数的取值对平台总体位移和强度校核应力的影响及变化趋势。结论是,平台结构对约束刚度系数K的反应在10^4～10^4之间时比较明显,对K的敏感度最为强烈：在此范围之外,平台反应分别接近于简支约束情况和刚性约束情况。尤其对于接近约束边界的单元,其应力变化最敏感。     

Influence of the Spudcan Angle on the Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Jack-up Platform

Jack-up platforms of the Ocean engineering structures always withstand the vertical gravity loads which are applied to the seabed by spudcan, so it is important to determine the bearing capacity and the penetration depth of the spudcan for its geometry. In fact, it is up to the deformation law and the failure modes of soil surrounding the spudcan which can calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of the spudcan foundation on the soil seabed. By using the finite element analysis software Abaqus, the deformation law of soil around the spudcan is analyzed in detail, and the failure modes of soil surrounding the spudcan foundation are achieved. At the same time, based on the limit equilibrium theory, by use of static permissible slip-line field, the ultimate bearing capacity of the spudcan foundation is analyzed and the lower limit solution is derived theoretically, and the effect of the spudcan angle on the ultimate bearing capacity is investigated. The numerical results are compared with those obtained by the theoretical formulas deduced in this paper. On the basis of the lower limit solutions in this paper, the effect of the spudcan angle on the ultimate bearing capacity is revealed, and a practical bearing capacity formula is given to take the effect of the spudcan angle into consideration.     

Study of the Bearing Capacity at the Variable Cross-Section of A Riser-Surface Casing Composite Pile

Reducing the cost of offshore platform construction is an urgent issue for marginal oilfield development.The offshore oil well structure includes a riser and a surface casing.The riser,surface casing and oil well cement can be considered special variable cross-section piles.Replacing or partially replacing the steel pipe pile foundation with a variable cross-section pile to provide the required bearing capacity for an offshore oil platform can reduce the cost of foundation construction and improve the economic efficiency of production.In this paper,the finite element analysis method is used to investigate the variable cross-section bearing mode of composite piles composed of a riser and a surface casing in saturated clay under a vertical load.The calculation formula of the bearing capacity at the variable section is derived based on the theory of spherical cavity expansion,the influencing factors of the bearing capacity coefficient N_c are revealed,and the calculation method of N_c is proposed.By comparing the calculation results with the results of the centrifuge test,the accuracy and applicability of the calculation method are verified.The results show that the riser composite pile has a rigid core in the soil under the variable cross-section,which increases the bearing capacity at the variable cross-section.