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南海海平面高度年循环的特征 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
根据 TOPEX/ POSEIDON-ERS高度计提供的海平面高度异常资料和并行海洋气候模式(POCM)模拟海平面高度资料,分析了南海海平面高度年循环特征。结果表明:l月,3月和5月海平面高度的异常值分别与7月,9月,11月的异常值相反。l月(7月),深水海区与吕宋海峡的海平面高度为负(正)异常,在大部分陆架区和南海的西和南部,海平面高度为正(负)异常。在3月(9月),除海平面高度异常的量级已减少,且较小的SSH正异常(负异常)出现在南海的中部以外,海平面高度异常的分布型与 1月(7月)类似; SSH的年循环的最大振幅出现在吕宋岛的西北海域;风的季节变化是南海SSH季节变化的主要原因。 相似文献
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强弱南海夏季风活动及大气季节内振荡 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
应用NCEP再分析资料和中国降水资料,分析研究了对应南海强、弱夏季风的环流形势及其与之相应的中国东部的降水异常。其结果表明,由强、弱夏季风所引起的中国气候异常是完全不同(甚至反相)的。分析大气季节内振荡(ISO)的活动还表明,对应大气强(弱)南海夏季风,南海地区 850 hPa也有强(弱)大气 ISO;而强、弱南海夏季风环流(200 hPa和 850 hPa)主要由异常的大气ISO所激发。本研究还揭示了南海地区大气ISO的变化往往与江淮地区大气ISO的变化反相,例如南海地区的强(弱)大气ISO常与江淮流域的弱(强)大气ISO相对应。对于大气ISO的强度,一般多表现出局地激发特征,经向传播相对较弱。 相似文献
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应用气候态月平均的Levitus和COADS(Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set)温度资料及COADS海面通量资料, 探讨了南海气候态意义下春季暖池(温度大于29.5℃的水体)的演变过程及其生消的动力学机制.研究发现, 在气候态意义下, 南海表层海温在5月份存在显著的增温, 在南海中南部形成了大面积、具有一定厚度(约15 m深)的春季暖池, 暖池面积在6月份迅速减小以至消失.对南海春季暖池的生消机制研究发现, 春季暖池的产生过程是由于在不断增长的海面净热通量的作 相似文献
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南海和印度洋海温异常对东亚大气环流及降水的影响 总被引:38,自引:11,他引:27
利用英国气象局全球海温资料和NCEP再分析资料以及我国160个标准站降水资料,进行合成分析和SVD分析。结果表明,当南海、孟加拉湾和阿拉伯海春季(3~5月)海温为一致正(负)异常时,夏季(6~8月)副高偏南(北)偏西(东)偏强(弱),我国长江流域降水偏多(少),华南和华北降水偏少(多)。 相似文献
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南海夏季风爆发前后亚洲地区的大尺度环流突变 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
用1980—1986年的ECMWF资料分析了南海季风爆发前后大气环流突变的平均特征。结果表明:南海季风的爆发一般发生在5月10日前后,大气环流出现一次明显突变──高空南亚高压由10—15°N骤然北跳到15—20°N,南海北部西风转为东风;低空南海北部及附近地区西南风迅速加强并向东扩展,而中纬地区的偏北风也相应加强南压,青藏高原东南部到中国长江中下游一带为温度、湿度梯度大值区;中国西南地区出现低压环流。同时,青藏高原东南部及中国东部平原地区对流层大气发生急速增暖,大气热源和水汽汇明显增强。在南海季风爆发后南海北部大气热源亦显著增强,但比风场的突变落后5—10天,而西沙海温的变化与季风爆发却比较一致。另外,地形对大气热源的分布有一定的影响,青藏高原东南坡的加热对南海季风的爆发可能比较重要。 相似文献
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南海和西北太平洋热带气旋活动的区域性差异分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
利用近58年(1950~2007年)热带气旋资料,研究了南海(5°N~25°N,110°E~120°E)和西北太平洋(5°N~25°N,120°E~180°)两个区域热带气旋生成频数的年际变化和季节变化特征,结果表明西北太平洋热带气旋生成频数明显多于南海,且两区域的热带气旋活动表现出明显的区域性差异。在年际变化上,两者之间相关系数仅为-0.09,即南海和西北太平洋热带气旋生成频数在变化上相对独立。在季节变化上,西北太平洋热带气旋生成频数主要决定了整个西北太平洋明显的季节变化特征,而南海热带气旋生成频数在活跃期5~11月内季节差异不够明显,8~9月为相对盛期;特别地,从热带气旋频数相对于整个西北太平洋所占比率来看,5~6月南海区域由前期的寂静期骤然上升至31.7%~33.8%,使得5~6月成为全年比率中最突出的2个月份。对上述热带气旋活动区域性差异的可能原因进行了分析,初步显示在年际变化上ENSO对南海热带气旋生成频数的影响是显著的;在季节变化上,5~6月南海出现了较之西北太平洋更加有利于热带气旋生成的动力条件(季风槽)和热力条件(高海温),这可能是南海热带气旋生成频数相对于整个西北太平洋所占比率在5~6月成为全年最突出的两个月份的主要原因。 相似文献
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南海地区热通量的时空变化特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文利用美国 NCEP1958-1998 年高斯网格月平均再分析资料,分析了南海及周边地区(0~20°N,100~125°E)热通量(包括潜热通量和感热通量)的时空变化,结果表明该潜热通量、感热通量具有明显的季节转换特征.南海中部海区是潜热通量、感热通量季节变化最剧烈的关键区,南海季风对潜热、感热输送均有影响,并且蒸发潜热输送大于感热输送.EOF 分析表明,风速对潜热、感热输送贡献较大,另外气温和相对湿度对潜热输送有贡献,而水温与气温差对感热输送有贡献.整个南海地区潜热通量、感热通量具有明显的年际变化特征,潜热通量存在5~8 a 以及 2 a 左右的周期振动,而感热通量只有 5~8 a 的周期振动. 相似文献
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The South China Sea warm pool interacts vigorously with the summer monsoon which is active
in the region. However, there has not been a definition concerning the former warm pool which is as specific as
that for the latter. The seasonal and inter-annual variability of the South China Sea warm pool and its relations
to the South China Sea monsoon onset were analyzed using Levitus and NCEP/NCAR OISST data. The results
show that, the seasonal variability of the South China Sea warm pool is obvious, which is weak in winter, develops
rapidly in spring, becomes strong and extensive in summer and early autumn, and quickly decays from
mid-autumn. The South China Sea warm pool is 55 m in thickness in the strongest period and its axis is oriented
from southwest to northeast with the main section locating along the western offshore steep slope of
northern Kalimantan-Palawan Island. For the warm pools in the South China Sea, west Pacific and Indian
Ocean, the oscillation, which is within the same large scale air-sea coupling system, is periodic around 5 years.
There are additional oscillations of about 2.5 years and simultaneous inter-annual variations for the latter two
warm pools. The intensity of the South China Sea warm pool varies by a lag of about 5 months as compared to
the west Pacific one. The result also indicates that the inter-annual variation of the intensity index is closely
related with the onset time of the South China Sea monsoon. When the former is persistently warmer (colder) in
preceding winter and spring, the monsoon in the South China Sea usually sets in on a later (earlier) date in
early summer. The relation is associated with the activity of the high pressure over the sea in early summer. An
oceanic background is given for the prediction of the South China Sea summer monsoon, though the mechanism
through which the warm pool and eventually the monsoon are affected remains unclear. 相似文献
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林爱兰 《热带气象学报(英文版)》1998,4(2):141-147
Using 1975-1993 (with 1978 missing) data of the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), characteristics of seasonal variation of low-frequency oscillations in the South China Sea and its relation to the establishment and activity of the summer monsoon there are studied. As is shown in the result, the low-frequency oscillation in the South China Sea is much stronger in the period of summer monsoon than in that of winter monsoon and the summer monsoon there usually begins to set up in a negative phase of the first significant low-frequency oscillation for the early summer. The study also reveals that the circulation for the low-frequency oscillation during the summer monsoon in the Sea is embodied as north-south fluctuations of the ITCZ and east-west shifts of western ridge point of the West Pacific subtropical high, suggesting close correlation between the low-frequency oscillation and the active and break (decay) of the South China Sea monsoon. In the meantime. the work illustrates how the low-frequency oscillation in the South China Sea are superimposed with the seasonal variation of the general circulation. so that the summer inonsoon covers the establishment of the Ist, intensification of the 2nd and 3rd the low-frequency oscillations and decay of the 4th oscillation. 相似文献
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Conclusions are divided regarding the role of the variations of thermodynamics in the monsoon activity for the South China Sea region. In this study, primary eigenvectors are studied for the SSTA from East Asia to the tropical eastern Indian Ocean in May. The results show that temperature anomalies that center on Sumatra are closely related with the outbreak of the South China Sea monsoon. When the SST is warmer (cooler) than average year, it is likely that the monsoon set in late (early). It may be caused by the changes in meridional difference in thermodynamics between the Indochina Peninsula and its southern tropical oceans. Studying the temporal and spatial evolution of primary eigenvector distribution of the SSTA in the South China Sea-tropical eastern Indian Ocean from winter to summer, we find that the temperature anomalies that center around Sumatra in late spring and early summer can be traced back to the variations of the SST fields in the South China Sea in the preceding winter. Being well associated with the outbreak of the South China Sea monsoon, the latter is a signifi-cant index for it. The work helps understanding the atmospheric and oceanic background against which the South China Sea monsoon breaks out and behaves. 相似文献
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根据台风年鉴资料统计分析了南海热带气旋(指在南海海域生成的热带气旋、又称南海灾害性土台风、下面简称TC),TC数量逐年逐月变化较大,除3月没有TC出现外,其余月份均有TC出现,年生成最多的TC为11个,最少的为1个,年平均6.2个,月生成最多的TC为5个,最少的为零个。TC登陆最多的是8月,12月至翌年4月没有TC登陆中国大陆,登陆范围主要在汕头至海南岛之间。TC的持久期一般均在4—7天,最长亦有19天。南海上生成的TC只有15%能够加强为台风,均集中在水深超过150米的海域。南海是TC发生频繁、数量较多的海域。 相似文献
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根据南海及其附近地区的海面和高空气象资料,计算了南海的季风指数分布和月、季变化,并根据低空流场分析了季风的来源和进退趋势,对季风的推进路径和强度变化作了讨论。结果表明:南海夏季风首先出现于泰国湾,然后由西南向东北扩展,最早影响南海的夏季风是来自副热带高压南侧的东南气流,其后是通过90°E、105°E附近的越赤道气流;在南海夏季风盛行后,印度季风才并入。对冬季风的强度、厚度和影响范围,也进行了较详尽的分析。 相似文献
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~~THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON AND THE SEASONAL MODALITY AND WEST EXTENDING OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL HIGH@张韧$Department of Marine Meteorology, Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of Sciences & Technology, Nanjing 211101 China
@何金海$Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing 210044 China
@董兆俊$Department of Marine Meteorology, Institute of Meteorology, PLA Uni… 相似文献
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THE CLIMATE FEATURES OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA WARM POOL 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
There exists a warm pool in the South China Sea (SCS). The temporal and spatial distribution and evolution of SCS warm pool is investigated using water temperatures at a depth of 20 min the sea. The formation of the warm pool is discussed by combining water temperatures with geostrophic currents and simulated oceanic circulation. It is found that there are significant seasonal and interannual changes in the warm pool and in association with the general circulation of the atmosphere. The development of SCS warm pool is also closely related to the gyre activities in the sea and imported warm water from Indian Ocean (Java Sea) besides radiative warming. 相似文献