共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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记者从4月5日在沈召开的省人工增雨工作协调会议上获悉,为开发辽宁云水资源,增强科学防灾减灾能力、发挥气象科技优势,省政府决定:“八五”期间,我省将逐年增加投资直接用于开展辽宁人工增雨和其基础设施建设。届时,我省人工增 相似文献
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在分析辽宁能源状况和水资源量与分布状况及生态环境现状的基础上,揭示了经济发展与生态环境方面存在的矛盾,针对辽宁的能源利用率低、水环境安全受到威胁、区域环境污染集中等问题,结合辽宁实际情况,对此进行了探讨并提出了对策与建议。 相似文献
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本刊讯 经辽宁省政府科学技术奖励委员会评审 ,2 0 0 3年辽宁省气象局有 3项科技成果获得辽宁省政府科技进步奖。其中 ,“强降水综合诊断预报及洪涝预警系统研究”(辽宁省气象局 )获二等奖 ;“利用卫星遥感资料监测评价洪涝灾害方法研究”和“气象环境对人体健康的影响及预报方法研究”(均为辽宁省气象科学研究所 )获三等奖。辽宁3项气象科技成果获省政府科学技术进步奖@王英华 相似文献
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就贯彻落实“发展战略”、“业务技术体制改革”和“加强基层台站建设”等重要任务所存在的困难和问题,深入基层台站开展调研,初步认识到制约和影响基层气象事业发展的最主要矛盾是人才匮乏,最迫切需要解决的问题是人才队伍建设。从历史和现实、体制和机制、主观和客观等方面,分析存在困难和问题的原因。 相似文献
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S L Cutter 《Global Environmental Change》1995,5(3):181-194
The author posits that women and children bear a disproportionate burden of environmental degradation and are in the worst position to mitigate the consequences of deteriorating environmental conditions. This article discusses the concept of environmental equity or fairness and its sociospatial impacts and the different adjustments made by women and children. Environmental equity is both an outcome and a process. Process equity includes the underlying causes of uneven distributions of resources. The 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development defines 27 specific principles that broadly follow three forms of equity: social equity, generational equity, and procedural equity. Social equity is defined as the role of social, economic, and political forces in resource consumption and environmental degradation. Environmental risk is related to locational criteria such as cheap land and transportation access and by the social geography of places. Hazardous waste dumping is used to illustrate inequitable waste disposal in developing countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Nigeria, Lebanon, Syria, Venezuela, Zimbabwe, and South Korea. Generational equity is defined as fairness over time. The issue of permanent radioactive waste disposal is a current issue that has implications for future generations. Three strategies are important in assuring generational equity: the maintenance of natural and cultural diversity; a reduction in environmental degradation; and the provision of equal access to resources. Preservation of parkland is a positive strategy and lack of access to health services and reproductive health care is a negative strategy. Procedural equity is defined as the extent to which regulations are applied fairly. The example is given of higher fines for dumping waste in "nice White communities" compared to minority ones. Environmental law regulating hazardous waste exports has been minimally effective. Women and children are affected by particulate pollution and environmental toxins (lead and pesticides) in the air and water of urban areas and by a composite of poverty, development, and urbanization. 相似文献
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基于辽宁省辽河流域水环境安全的严峻形势,从产业结构调整与经济布局、环境资源价值、环保投入机制3个方面对造成辽宁省辽河流域水环境问题的主要原因进行了分析,并对现阶段辽宁省辽河流域水污染防治的相关政策与合理机制进行了深入探寻,试图为辽河流域水污染防治的可持续管理提供参考依据。 相似文献
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Valerie A. Brown 《Climatic change》1993,25(3-4):389-403
This paper argues that information collected in the field of Public Health has the potential to provide a valuable contribution to the forecasting and evaluation of the impact of climate change. The well-developed sets of social and environmental health data collected to monitor the health of human populations could also offer sensitive indicators of the effects and potential effects of climate change. City collections of public health data and general demographic information are reviewed as examples of the availability of such monitoring systems.The interests of those monitoring climate change and those monitoring health march together in other ways as well. Changes in radiation, rainfall and temperature will change food and building safety levels, as well as waste disposal capacity. People who are on the poverty line or ill, or both, have little opportunity to respond to such changes, or the strategies designed to control them. Since the Canadian Lalonde Report of 1974, health services have increasingly linked their social and physical health information to environmental data. Coordinated planning using a multidisciplinary data base and responses to change which give due regard to equity are both central considerations in responding to changes in the environment as well as to risks to human health. 相似文献
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辽宁北部典型流域水生态功能区水生态安全评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于流域水生态功能分区的水生态安全评价是指导流域水生态“分类、分区”综合管理的前提,本文在流域中小尺度上依据水生态空间格局分异的自然特征和社会属性,以辽河流域的清河和凡河支流为对象,在流域水生态功能三级分区的基础上,运用“压力-状态-响应模型”(PSR),通过对流域社会经济压力指标、环境压力指标、城市发展指标、资源环境发展指标、投资指标、治理指标等因素分析,筛选出13个评价指标。利用生态安全综合指数法,将流域水生态安全划分为极不安全、不安全、基本安全、安全、非常安全五个级别。其中,清河流域Ⅳ-5-9、Ⅳ-5-10、Ⅳ-5-11、Ⅳ-5-12、Ⅳ-5-14区处于基本安全,Ⅳ-5-8、Ⅳ-5-13属于不安全;凡河流域4个水生态功能三级区中,Ⅳ-5-1、Ⅳ-5-2、Ⅳ-5-3区属于基本安全、Ⅳ-5-4区为较安全。基于水生态功能分区的水生态安全评价和级别划分可为辽河流域水生态保护与流域生态管理提供科学依据。 相似文献
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IPCC特别报告SRCCL关于气候变化与粮食安全的新认知与启示 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
气候变化对粮食安全的影响是广泛的,不但影响粮食产量和品质,还会影响到农户的生计以及农业相关的产业发展等;而粮食系统在保障粮食安全的同时,又会产生一系列的环境问题,其中农业源温室气体(GHG)的排放加剧全球变暖。IPCC在2019年8月份发布的《气候变化与土地特别报告》(SRCCL),从粮食生产、加工、储存、运输及消费的各个环节评估气候变化对粮食安全的影响及粮食系统的温室气体排放对气候系统的影响;系统梳理粮食系统供给侧和需求侧的适应与减缓措施、适应与减缓的协同和权衡问题,以及气候变化条件下保障粮食安全的政策环境等。SRCCL评估结论认为,由于大量施用氮肥和消耗水资源,目前粮食系统GHG排放占全球总排放的21%~37%;农业和粮食系统是全球应对气候变化的重要方面,供给侧和需求侧的综合措施可以减少食物浪费、减少GHG排放、增加粮食系统的恢复力。未来工作的重点应丰富和扩展气候变化影响评估内容,量化适应效果,加深对适应、减缓及其协同和权衡的科学认知,大力加强应对气候变化能力建设。 相似文献
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