基于ＶＣ＋＋的风云三号卫星实时遥感数据提取方法

分析了ＨＤＦ５文件和风云三号卫星实时遥感数据结构和特点,采用ＨＤＦ５文件最新的
Ｃ＋＋Ｃｌａｓｓｅｓ开发包、ＶＣ＋＋程序设计语言,开发一种实用性较强的风云三号卫星实时遥感数据
提取方法,并介绍合成风云三号卫星中分辨率真彩色图像的方法。

     

MAPS数值预报产品图形显示系统微机版的开发

介绍ＭＡＰＳ数值预报产品图形显示系统微机版的开发环境,设计思路,技术要点,主要功能和特点,该系统使用ＶｉｓｕａｌＣ＋＋４．０、ｆｏｒｔｒａｎ语言,并以ＮＣＡＲ绘图软件包作为开发工具。     

华南地区大气气溶胶质量谱与水溶性成分谱分布的初步研究

为了提供讨论华南地区酸性降水形成机制的背景资料，１９８８年１月与８－９月，在广州、柳州、韶关、南宁、阳朔、龙门使用Ａｎｄｅｒｓｅｎ气溶胶分级采样器采集了分级气溶胶样品，并对水溶性的Ｆ＾－、Ｃｌ＾－、ＮＯ３＾－、ＳＯ４＾－－、Ｎａ＾＋、ＮＨ４＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｃａ＾＋＋、Ｍｇ＾＋＋进行了分析。结果表明，在工业城市中粗粒态粒子显著多于清洁地区。工业城市气溶胶水溶性成分中的ＳＯ４＾－－、Ｃａ＾＋＋显著高于清     

C语言处理气象资料初探

Ｃ语言处理气象资料初探梁立光（四川省绵阳气象局邮码６２１０００）我通过省局主办的微机应用进修班的学习，对Ｃ语言有了初步的认识；后经自学和实践，已能较为熟练地运用Ｃ语言来处理多种实用性问题。最近，我用Ｃ语言设计了一套预报业务上较为有用的资料处理程序，再...     

信号与系统辅助教学系统

通过信号与系统中部分典型实例，设计了在西文ＤＯＳ下用Ｃ语言实现中文界面提示的应用程序，由于该程序实用性强且生成的界面操作简单，可以脱离Ｃ语言环境，在ＤＯＳ下直接运行，并具有占用内存少和运行速度等优点。     

豫西森林火险天气等级监测预报系统

豫西森林火险天气等级监测预报系统是由Ｃ和Ｃ＋＋ＢＵＩＬＤＥＲ语言编写而成的适合于河南豫西地区的业务系统软件,系统建立在９２１０卫星通信基础上,自动采集ＭＩＣＡＰＳ系统的地面,高空和格点资料数据,经过加工处理、动态筛选所需每类气象要素的若干最佳因子,分别建立多因子权重回归方程,在此基础上按照森林火险天气等级数学模式,计算各相林区的森林火险监测及预报结果。     

灾害性天气预警系统的设计

以暴雨预警为例，介绍了在ＷＩＮＤＯＷＳ下用ＢＯＲＬＡＮＤＣ＋＋设计灾害性天气预警系统的方法。     

用VisualC#实现监视文件和文件夹系统变化

1 Visual C#语言介绍　Microsoft Visual Studio .NET开发工具中，微软提供了Visual Basic、Visual C#、Visual J#、Visual C＋＋编程语言，其中Visual C#语言是.NET平台的核心开发语言。C#看起来与Java有着惊人的相似，包括如单一继承、界面、与Java几乎同样的语法和编译成中间代码再运行的过程。但C#与Java有着明显的不同，它借鉴了Delphi的一个特点，与COM（组件对象模型） 是直接集成的。     

华东区域农业气象情报业务系统

针对华东区域地势差异大的特点,结合当前省级农业气象服务的工作重点,使用ＶＣ＋＋语言开发出一套华东区域六省一市使用的农业气象情报微机解译系统。该系统在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５／９８／ＮＴ操作平台上灵活运行,解决了农业气象情报二期工程中软件升级问题,使报文的解译、制图、制表更加快捷方便、美观实用。     

用VC＋＋实现气象资料的FTP自动上传下载

主要介绍了在C＋＋语言中胛P基本程序的实现，包括远程登陆、上传、下载、定时执行、系统托盘等程序代码的实现。另外，介绍了一种字符串匹配算法——KMP算法，可以用于解决程序中模糊匹配检索的问题。FTP客户端软件正式运行的检验效果良好，该软件采用VisualC＋＋6．0开发，在WindowsXP环境中编译执行通过。     

CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS OF CLIMATIC EXTREMES IN CHINA DURING 1959–2014

The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics.     

ANALYSIS OF “BIMODAL PATTERN” STORM ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BAY OF BENGAL

Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms.     

LOW-FREQUENCY CIRCULATION AND EXTENDED-RANGE FORECAST IN CONNECTION WITH AUTUMN EXTREME HEAVY RAINFALL PROCESS IN HAINAN

Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d.     

AN ATTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN THE BEIJING–TIANJIN–HEBEI REGION UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE

Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

Revisiting the Concentration Observations and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Ammonia

正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Information for Authors

正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted     

Information for Authors

AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.