统一思想 抓住重点 努力为农业强省建设服务

统一思想抓住重点努力为农业强省建设服务黑龙江省气象局局长陈立亭最近召开的黑龙江省委七届四次全委（扩大）会议，作出《中共黑龙江省委关于把我省由农业大省建设成农业强省的决定》（以下简称《决定》。黑龙江省气象局作为重点为农业生产服务的部门，要坚决贯彻执行省...     

热烈祝贺黑龙江省气象工作会议召开

热烈祝贺黑龙江省气象工作会议召开黑龙江省副省长孙魁文黑龙江省气象局转全省气象工作会议：值此全省气象工作会议召开之际，我代表省政府向为我省经济建设，特别是为农业生产服务做出显著成绩的全省气象工作者表示热烈祝贺和亲切慰问，并预祝会议圆满成功。在中国气象局...     

拜泉县生态农业建设与三效益同步增长

拜泉县自1986年实施生态农业战略以来,紧紧围绕生态农业建设规划,分阶段实施．整体推进,为拜泉县向持续、稳定、高效生态农业迈进创造了良好的生态环境基础。着重分析了拜泉县粮食生产由高到低,再由低到高,各种灾害由大到小,由多到少的变化过程。证明了生态农业县具有较大的生命力,是实现农业现代化的必由之路。     

五莲县生态农业建设中气象服务的思考与建议

近年来五莲县依靠境内多山的优势，优化产业结构调整，大力发展生态农业建设，针对五莲生态农业建设中的有关气象服务问题进行了思考，并提出可行建议。     

湛江海湾气候资源分析及开发利用建议

湛江资源优势有哪些?本文应用湛江各地近50年的气象资料分析表明，湛江海湾具有丰富的热带气候资源，是湛江独具的一大优势。从农业气象角度，只要趋利避害，充分利用得天独厚的热带气候资源优势，发展建设以热带特色为主的生态农业、观光农业、“三高”农业和与此相关的热带经济品牌，可获得很高的经济效益和社会生态效益。     

浅谈县站农经网的发展

随着信息时代的到来，承载信息的网络愈来愈受到人们的关注。气象部门利用其自身的“网络”优势，黑龙江省气象局与省农办联合于2000年2月制定了以气象网络为主建设农业经济信息网(简称农经网)的方案，并通过了省政府办公会议的审定。     

黑龙江省主要气象灾害预测和区划技术报告

为使黑龙江省高产、高效、优质农业持续稳定发展，需合理利用农业气候资源，减轻或避免气候灾害的影响。黑龙江省主要气象灾害预报及区划着重考虑对黑龙江省农业生产有重要影响的冷害、涝害和旱害，研究其发生规律、形成原因，产生机制，最终作出灾害预测。再用对２的危害和灾害指标，根据全省和主要灾害的地理分布特点进行分区研究防勺，作出区划。配合农业生产发展的需要，为抗、避、防农业气象灾害，为农业区域化、专家化提供气候     

黑龙江省气候变化与农业发展对策

黑龙江省气候变化与农业发展对策祖世亨黑龙江省地处中高纬度，是８０年代气候明显变暖的地区，预计９０年代前期黑龙江省仍以变暖变干为主要趋势，变暖的季节主要是冬季和春季，变暖的时间主要是夜间，即夜间的最低气温上升，而白天的最高气温没有上升。未来气候变化的总...     

黑龙江省气候生产潜力研究

在气候资源清查的基础上提出热量区和水热综合生长期的概念，它比单纯用积温带指导农业生产更科学合理，符合黑龙江省农业生产实际。采用FAO农业生态区划法计算了黑龙江省水稻、玉米、大豆、小麦四大作物的气候生产潜力。     

黑龙江省2002年夏季低温冷害及对粮食产量的影响

１前言上个世纪７０年代以前黑龙江省低温冷害频繁，大约每隔３～５年出现一次，给农业生产带来极大损失。进入８０年代，全球性气候变暖，黑龙江省近２０多年没有出现过低温冷害，农业发展稳定，粮食总产成倍增加。今年黑龙江省东部又一次出现严重的低温冷害，造成粮食产量下降。这里着重分析今年黑龙江省冷害形势与历史上典型冷害年进行比较，以期为全省粮食产量预报及抗灾夺丰收提供科学依据。２分析方法采用夏季（６～８月）平均气温相对均方差的方法求算各地低温冷害指标：式中△T６－８为６～８月平均气温与多年平均值之差，n＝３。…     

加强业务管理提高测报质量

我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格.     

Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale

2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness.     

准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响

NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。     

Quantifying the uncertainty of the annular mode time scale and the role of the stratosphere

The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features.     

由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑

2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡.     

流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用

本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用.     

On the forecast of the onset and end of the convective season in the Amazon

Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature (SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds. Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early) onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases. The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region. The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed. Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002     

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Low-level Jets in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River during the Mei-yu Season

Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230...