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对近两年来5~8月中国东部地区120多个测站雨量观测资料和对应4400多幅GMS-5四个通道云图的研究发现:红外亮温的时间、空间变率、红外和水汽通道亮温差等云图衍生资料对消除卷云,弥补夜间缺少可见光云图的不足起到明显作用。从而,应用双判据双重MOS多元回归法建立四通道云图因子、衍生因子与降水量之间的回归方程,进行6小时分级降水估计。为了进一步消除厚卷云和特殊地形的影响,提出使用逐日实时资料自动建立多元回归方程估计降水量,从而对双判据双重MOS多元回归法估计结果进行校正。上海中心气象台的业务使用表明,总体估计的准确率达70%左右。 相似文献
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前面两讲介绍了卫星云图的识别原理和几种天气系统的分析方法,这些都是利用卫星云图作定性分析。除此而外,利用卫星云图也可以作多种气象要素的定量分析。如:用红外云图推算海面温度、云顶温度和云顶高度;估计台风中心的最大风力;改进500毫巴的数值分析;估计降水量等等。本讲着重介绍如何用卫星云图估计降水。 目前用于估计降水的气象卫星资料主要有三种:即电视云图、两通道(0.5—0.7微米和8—12微米)扫描辐射仪云图和电子微波(1.55厘米)扫描辐射仪云图。就估计降水的方法而言,主要有三类。 第一类是建立在图象显示云图的基础上,根据卫 相似文献
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利用日本 GMS 卫星的展宽数字云图资料(Stretched Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiome-ter)和中国气象科学研究院的 Doppler 雷达资料,综合卫星和雷达资料进行大范围降水估计的研究。首先把卫星和雷达资料从各自的坐标系中变换到公共坐标系——双标准纬线(30°N 和60°N)Lambert 投影坐标系中,以雷达资料作为判断降水的标准,统计得到降水概率与红外亮度温度及可见光反照率的相关矩阵。然后再把这一相关矩阵应用到一定的卫星探测的大范围中,得出降水区域分布的估计结果。用该方法对1989年7月23日和8月16日两个个例进行了估计计算。 相似文献
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利用静止气象卫星资料估算青藏高原降水的初步探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用间隔为3h的静止气象卫星红外云图资料,分析了我国夏季青藏高原上云系的空间分布特征,并以1981 ̄1983年6、7、8月的红外云图资料与相应地区的降水资料,建立利用卫星云圈资料估算青藏高原地区降水的模式。检验表明该方法对称补青藏高原上地面站稀少,降水资料不足的缺陷很有帮助,能为研究青藏高原地区的气候状况、水资源的分布和数量提供依据。 相似文献
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To study the possibility of improving the precision of retrieving precipitation through GMS-5 infrared data,the relationship between the data of GMS-5 infrared channel l(IRl) and precipitation sounded by TRMM/PR was carefully studied through some cases gathered during the HUBEX 1998.First of all,the relationship between the brightness temperature(Tb) and PR-sounded near-surface rainfall rate(NSRR) was studied.Then,as PR can sound the inner structure of rainfall area.a unique advantage of this new instrument,the relationship between Tb and PR-sounded rainfall rate in each layer was also studied.Still,as PR can tell the rain type,those relationships were studied again according to the different types of precipitation(i.e.convective and stratiform).After comparing these outcomes with those from other references,it can be concluded that the relationship between Tb and PR-sounded rainfall rate is acceptable and it is possible to calibrate precipitation retrieved through Tb by PR data. 相似文献
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To study the possibility of improving the precision of retrieving precipitation through GMS-5infrared data,the relationship between the data of GMS-5 infrared channel 1(IR1)andprecipitation sounded by TRMM/PR was carefully studied through some cases gathered during theHUBEX 1998.First of all,the relationship between the brightness temperature(Tb)and PR-sounded near-surface rainfall rate(NSRR)was studied.Then,as PR can sound the innerstructure of rainfall area.a unique advantage of this new instrument,the relationship between Tband PR-sounded rainfall rate in each layer was also studied.Still,as PR can tell the rain type,those relationships were studied again according to the different types of precipitation(i.e.convective and stratiform).After comparing these outcomes with those from other references,itcan be concluded that the relationship between Tb and PR-sounded rainfall rate is acceptable and itis possible to calibrate precipitation retrieved through Tb by PR data. 相似文献
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采用2002年1月、2月、7月、8月每日8~16时(北京时间)的GMS-5卫星云图资料以及相同时次的漠河和郑州两个辐射站的地面净辐射资料,通过读取红外1、红外2、水汽和可见光云图上的卫星计数值,并将卫星计数值按照GMS-5定标表转换成亮度温度和反射率,最终形成一套利用卫星资料研究云对地面净辐射影响的数据集。采用统计的方法将地面净辐射与影响地面净辐射的各因子:太阳天顶角、地面及云面反射率等有关因子进行拟合,发现地面净辐射与这些因子之间有很好的相关性,特别在引入卫星红外通道亮温值减水汽通道亮温值这一因子后,在有云状况下,拟合的相关系数有较明显的提高,原因可能是这一因子包含了云分类的信息,这一方法的提出为利用卫星资料研究云对地面净辐射的影响提出了一个新的思路。 相似文献
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In order to reveal the relation between strong convective cloud characteristics and rainfall rate,over 20000 hourly raingauge data from 333 weather stations and the corresponding 4000 convective cloud infrared images of GMS-4 during the period of 1992-1994 in Henan,Hubei and Sichuan Provinces were studied.The results show that cloud top temperature,temperature gradient,the growth of cloud,overshooting top and the normalized distance between a cloud covering pixels and the cluster center have certain relations to cloud precipitation.These relations can vary with different geographical regions.Based on the study above,a convective rainfall estimation technique was developed by the scientists in National Satellite Meteorological Center of China.Its average error is 30% for daily precipitation with a correlation coefficient of 0.69. 相似文献
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本文运用非线性交叉预报误差的新方法,使用GMS-5的TBB(亮温)非线性时间序列资料,对湖北武汉“98.7”特大暴雨进行了定常与非定常特征计算和判断分析,与实际降雨的变化趋势十分吻合。 相似文献