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本文介绍了新疆气象科技服务中心在公众气象服务、专业专项气象服务、交通气象服务、能源气象服务、重大工程气象服务等方面开创性地开展的各项工作,阐明了科技服务只要坚持公共气象服务的发展方向,以经济、社会发展对气象事业的需求为引导,紧紧依托气象业务及科研,不断丰富气象科技服务产品,就能显现出博大的生命力。 相似文献
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专业气象服务指标分析与研究岳虎,张汉英(酒泉地区气象局735000)气象科技服务对象是各不同行业的用户,而为用户建立专业气象服务指标是气象部门开展科技服务的基础。因此,专业气象服务指标的研究对气象科技服务工作的发展有着极为重要的作用。1专业气象服务指... 相似文献
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随着气象事业机构改革的深化,专业气象服务已逐步成为气象科技服务的重要支撑部分.当前,各地的专业气象服务进程日新月异,如何面对新形势,分析发展中存在的问题,并提出解决对策,促进专业气象服务在新一轮气象科技与产业创业中健康、稳步发展已是当务之急. 相似文献
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从上世纪80年代初期至今,气象科技与专业有偿服务已发展成为我区气象系统不可或缺的重要组成部分。“九五”期间,我区气象科技服务与产业进入了稳步发展阶段,气象科技服务领域进一步拓宽,服务内容更加深化,初步形成了专业气象服务、电视天气预报广告、公众气象信息服务、手机短信息服务、大气环境评价、防雷检测与工程服务以及气球庆典 相似文献
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A case study of aircraft measurements in the vicinity of a warm front over the North Sea is presented. Measurements of ozone, carbon monoxide and meteorological parameters were recorded at several altitudes behind a dissipating warm front by the U.K. Met. Office's C130 aircraft, operated by the Meteorological Research Flight on 3rd October 1997. The aim of the study was to investigate the composition of the warm conveyor belt (WCB), the main air flow associated with mid-latitude cyclones, which has the potential to transport boundary layer air containing ozone and its precursors into the free troposphere.Three distinct air masses were identified by changes in the parameters measured. Trajectory analyses together with synoptic charts showed that these air masses corresponded to a WCB and air ahead and behind it, and that the WCB consisted of marine air from the boundary layer and lower free-troposphere. The WCB was clearly identifiable as a distinct chemical air mass that retained its integrity even after the warm front began to dissipate; it contained lower ozone than the surrounding free tropospheric air due to its remote marine origin. 相似文献
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Operational Implementation of the ATOVS Processing Procedure in KMA and Its Validation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) has processed the data from the advanced TOVS(ATOVS) onboard NOAA-16 satellite since May 2001. The operational production utilizes the AAPP(ATOVS and AVHRR Processing Package) of EUMETSAT and IAPP (International ATOVS ProcessingPackage) of the University of Wisconsin. For the initial guess profiles, the predicted fields (usually 6 to 12hour forecasted fields) from the global aviation model of NOAA/NCEP are used. The average number ofprofiles retrieved from the ATOVS data is about 1,300 for each morning and afternoon orbit at about 18 and06 UTC, respectively. The retrieved temperature and dew point temperatures are provided to forecastersin real time and used for initialization of prediction models. With the advanced microwave sensor (AMSU;Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit), accuracy of the ATOVS products is expected to be better than thatof the TOVS products, especially in cloudy conditions. Indeed, the preliminary results from a validationstudy with the collocated radiosonde data during a 8-month period, from May to December 2001, for theEast Asia region show an improved accuracy of the ATOVS products for cloudy skies versus the TOVS,especially for higher altitudes. The RMS (Root Mean Square) difference between the ATOVS productsand radiosonde data is about 1.3℃ for both clear and cloudy conditions, except for near the ground and athigher altitudes, at around 200 hPa. There is no significant temporal variation of the error statistics at allpressure levels. In case of the water vapor mixing ratio, the largest difference is shown at lower altitudes,while the accuracy is much better for the clear sky cases than the cloudy sky cases. The bias and RMSEat lower altitudes is about 0.557 g kg-1 and 2.5 g kg-1 and decrease significantly with increasing altitude. 相似文献
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广东2008年低温雨雪冰冻灾害及气象应急响应 总被引:16,自引:4,他引:12
2008年初我国南方遭受了百年一遇低温雨雪冰冻灾害,广东的受灾程度属80年一遇,造成了重大经济损失和严重社会影响.分析发现:灾害过程在近年来最严重的一次"拉尼娜"事件背景下发生的,与欧亚地区持续大气环流异常密切相关.在"北脊南槽"和西太平洋副高偏北偏强的形势下,冷暖气流在我国南方地区频繁交汇,使对流层中低层形成逆温层和局地经向环流产生异常,造成了此次持续低温雨雪冰冻过程.面对灾害引发的公共事件,广东省气象部门打破常规、准确预警,启动预案,通过媒体和"公共事件预警信息发布平台",及时传播权威的公共预警信息,为安定民心、稳定社会、减少灾害起到积极作用.灾后反思发现,山区冰灾的监测、灾害的评估、公共信息发布等的能力和规范均亟待加强. 相似文献
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2006年夏季川渝高温干旱的生态气象监测与评估 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为了客观定量地监测与评估2006年夏季发生在我国川渝地区历史罕见的高温干旱对生态环境造成的影响,利用所创建的基于植被第一性生产力(NPP)估算的生态气象评价指数(EMI)模型,计算分析了6-8月川渝地区的生态气象评价指数及其等级。结果表明,川渝地区生态气象评价指数较常年同期偏低,其中四川33%、重庆43%的地区生态气象等级较差或很差。两地6月与8月生态气象等级较差的范围大,7月较小。各生态系统中,城镇等生态气象等级很差;农田、草灌等明显偏差;林地生态气象等级正常稍差。干旱造成的生态影响多数是可逆的,气象条件得到改善后可以恢复。因此,应采取适当措施恢复各类生态系统的服务功能,把灾害带来的损失降到最低。 相似文献
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庐山云雾观测站2015年重新开始观测试验。利用2015年11月—2018年2月庐山云雾试验站观测的云物理资料和九江站的雷达资料,统计研究了庐山云雾及降水的日、季节变化和宏微观物理特征。结果表明,庐山强降水多发生在夏季,降水强度超过100 mm/h,而云雾天多发生在秋冬春季,最高云和雾天数达25 d/月,最低能见度仅20 m,东北风有利于水汽的冷却凝结。云雾辐射影响下的日最低温度出现在09时前后,即云雾消散前。利用雷达资料对降水分类,庐山秋冬季层状云、积层混合云和对流云降水分别占29%、44%和27%,春夏季的对流云和积层混合云降水分别占83%和17%。与城市降水和雾相比,庐山降水的中、小雨滴多,云雾滴谱的数浓度较低,双峰结构显著,且谱较宽。随着云内降水量级的增大,雨滴的数浓度和尺度不断增加,更易于启动碰并机制,使小于11 μm和大于30 μm云雾滴减少,导致11 μm的峰值更为显著。降雪期间的小云雾滴较为丰富,固态降水更容易通过凇附过程消耗大的过冷云滴。 相似文献