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1.
在对逐日气象资料进行纬向谐波分析的基础上, 对比和讨论了2007/2008年冬季强极涡期间和2008/2009冬季弱极涡期间平流层和对流层不同波数的行星波的变化特征, 特别关注强极涡或弱极涡发生之后, 500 hPa 沿60°N和30°N行星波1波和2波振幅和位相的差异, 以及相应的500 hPa位势场的差异, 进而讨论为什么不同的平流层极涡异常会对东亚有不同的影响, 特别讨论为什么同一种极涡异常, 对我国南北方近地面气温的影响会不同。结果表明:平流层极涡发生异常时, 平流层行星波活动有明显的异常。随着极涡异常的下传, 对流层行星波的振幅和位相也有明显的变化, 而且, 对于不同的纬度带, 其变化又有不同, 表现为:2008年1月强极涡发生之后, 500 hPa行星波1波和2波的扰动都向南伸, 而2009年1月的弱极涡(SSW)期间和之后, 1波和2波的扰动都偏北; 在对流层, 强极涡和弱极涡发生之后不但行星波1波和2波的振幅有所差异, 其位相也有明显的不同。特别是, 其位相的差异还随纬度而变化。就同一年(或者说对于同是强极涡或者同是弱极涡)而言, 无论是1波还是2波, 在60°N和30°N附近的扰动相比, 几乎反位相。这样就使得它们的500 hPa 位势场也有明显不同:在东半球, 主要表现为乌拉尔高压和东亚大槽的强度和位置不同。2008年1月强极涡发生之后, 乌拉尔高压和东亚大槽东移, 不利于冷空气向欧亚大陆北部(包括我国北方)的输送, 使这些地区的温度偏高;而2009年1月弱极涡之后, 东亚大槽西退, 利于冷空气向欧亚大陆北部输送, 导致这些地区较冷。对于同一种极涡异常(如2008强极涡或者2009弱极涡)由于南方和北方行星波扰动的位相不同, 对南方和北方冷暖空气的输送也就不一样。所以同一种极涡异常对(我国)南北地区的温度影响是不同的。  相似文献   

2.
利用1979-2003年NCAR/NCEP-2再分析全球日平均资料,及1979~2003年全球候平均的CMAP降水和NOAA日平均的向外长波辐射资料,分析了中高纬大气环流异常和低纬30~60天低频对流的活动对南海夏季风爆发迟早的影响.分析结果表明,当5月1~15日期间乌拉尔山及其以西地区对流层出现位势高度负距平(低频气旋)、中纬度大陆为位势高度正距平(低频反气旋)、我国东部沿岸地区为位势高度负距平(低频气旋)、鄂霍次克海地区为位势高度正距平(低频反气旋)时,副热带高压脊较早撤出南海,与此同时,孟加拉湾东部低频对流活跃东传,菲律宾南部周围低频对流发展西移,华南地区低频对流活动南移以及加里曼丹低频对流活跃北移.在这种情况下,南海夏季风爆发偏早.相反,当5月1~15日期间乌拉尔山及其以西地区对流层出现位势高度正距平(低频反气旋)、中纬度大陆为位势高度负距平(低频气旋)、我国东部沿岸地区为位势高度正距平(低频反气旋)、鄂霍次克海地区为位势高度负距平(低频气旋)时,副热带高压脊撤出南海较迟; 与此同时,孟加拉湾东部低频对流不活跃、东传晚,菲律宾南部周围低频对流不活跃、其西移与孟加拉湾东部低频对流的东传反位相,华南地区低频对流活动也不活跃,加里曼丹低频对流较弱.在这种情况下,南海夏季风爆发偏迟.  相似文献   

3.
    
The wavelet analysis is performed of the mid- and low-latitude circulation index at 850 hPa over East Asia, the East Asian monsoon index and the precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 1998 South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX) from May to August. Analysis shows that distinct 30–60 day low-frequency oscillation (LFO) exists in all of the above elements during the exper-iment period. Analysis of low-frequency wind field at 850 hPa from May to August with 5 days interval is performed in this paper. Analysis results reveal that: (1) A low-frequency monsoon circulation system over East Asia, characterized by distinct 30–60 day low-frequency oscillation, exists over 100°-150°E of East Asian area from the middle and eastern parts of China continent and the South China Sea to the western Pacific in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. The activity of East Asian monsoon is mainly af-fected by the low-frequency systems in it; (2) All of the tropical monsoon onset over the South China Sea in the fifth pentad of May, the beginning of the Meiyu period and heavy rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in mid-June and the heavy rainfall after mid-July are related to the activity of low-frequency cyclone belt over the region, whereas the torrential rainfall over the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in August is associated with the westward propagation of low-frequency anticyclone into the mainland; (3) There are two sources of low-frequency oscillation system over East Asia during SCSMEX. i.e. the equatorial South China Sea (SCS) and mid-high latitudes of the middle Pacific in the Northern Hemisphere. The low-frequency system over SCS propagates northward while that in mid-high latitudes mainly propagates from northeast to southwest. Both of the heavy rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in June and July are associated with the northward propagation of the above-mentioned SCS low-frequency systems from the tropical region and the southwestward propagation from mid-high latitudes respectively and their convergence in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; (4) There are two activities of low-frequency cyclone and anticyclone belt each in the East Asian monsoon system during May to August. However the activity of these low-frequency circulation systems is not clearly relevant to the low-frequency circulation system in the Indian monsoon system. This means that the low-frequency circulation systems in Indian monsoon and East Asian monsoon are independent of each other. The concept previously put forward by Chinese scholars that the East Asian monsoon circulation sys-tem (EAMCS) is relatively independent monsoon circulation system is testified once more in the summer 1998. This work was supported by the key project A of the State Ministry of Science and Technology “South China Sea Monsoon Experiment” and the fruit of it.  相似文献   

4.
采用1961-2015年夏季大西洋-欧洲极涡面积指数和塔里木河流域43个站降水资料,研究该区域极涡面积异常对该流域降水的影响。结果表明:两者年际变化呈显著的反位相关系;在极涡面积异常偏小(大)年,西风急流在西亚和中亚减弱(增强),在东亚则相反;500 hPa欧洲中部和贝加尔湖地区的高压脊偏强(偏弱),东亚低压槽偏弱(偏强),中亚经向环流增强(减弱);700 hPa塔里木河流域天气扰动活跃(不活跃),东风和西南风(西北风)的水汽输送增强,西部和北部等主要降水区水汽辐合(辐散),该流域降水偏多(偏少)。在极涡面积异常偏小年的夏季,塔里木河流域水平风场和垂直运动从高纬度到低纬度的经向变化分布与大西洋-欧洲区相似,大西洋-欧洲极涡区与塔里木河流域之间存在西北-东南的环流异常分布,大西洋-欧洲极涡面积异常可能通过该环流异常分布影响塔里木河流域及周边风场、水汽输送和垂直运动,进而影响到该流域降水。  相似文献   

5.
赤道涡旋与南海夏季风爆发   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
谢安  刘霞  YeQian 《气象学报》1997,55(5):611-619
文中应用1979-1995年共17a的850hPa风场资料和NOAA卫星的OLR资料,分析了南海夏季风爆发的特征。证实南海夏季风爆发,落后于同纬度的中南半岛和菲律宾岛屿地区。但在南海的东部和西部,季风爆发几乎是同时的,具有某种驻波的特征。文中还证实,大多数年份的4,5月间在105°E附近有赤道涡旋形成,这个涡旋引导它上游的赤道西风或南半球西风进入南海南部,为南海的季风爆发创造有利条件。这种涡旋不活跃的年份,季风爆发往往偏晚。它们之间可能存在某种联系。4月中旬,这个涡旋的形成和105°E越赤道气流的初步建立是同时的。进入5月份,这支越赤道气流逐渐加强。南海夏季风的活动与这支气流可能关系密切。如果称位于105°E附近的赤道涡旋为东亚的爆发涡旋,它显然与南亚季风的情况有较大差别。南亚的爆发涡旋与季风爆发的关系是直接的,而在东亚,则是间接的,这也说明了东亚季风比南亚季风更具有复杂性。  相似文献   

6.
王建生 《湖北气象》2008,27(2):154-159
采用T213产品中的物理量资料和天气图、卫星云图和雷达回波资料,对2007年7月1日江汉平原和鄂东的大暴雨天气过程的环流背景及其动力、热力、水汽条件进行了综合分析。结果表明:乌山低槽分裂出的冷空气东移,在华北东北部形成气旋波,其后部冷空气南下与副热带高压北上携带的暖湿气流相对峙所形成的湿度锋锋生和低层低涡、切变线是造成本次大暴雨天气过程的主要天气系统。有利强降水的各物理量场配合是降水云团迅速发展加强的有利条件。有能量锋区配合的θse高能区和K指数≥39℃的区域是有利大暴雨产生的区域。  相似文献   

7.
The rainfall from January to March in 2010 in East Asia is positive anomaly and the temporal evolution characteristics present the cycle of 20–40 days. In the present paper, the low-frequency circulations and its formation mechanism are analyzed. The results show that during the peak rainfall phase, the upstream of the rainfall regions is controlled by low-frequency cyclone, and the downstream is controlled by low-frequency anticyclone in the middle and low troposphere. In the upper troposphere, the westerly jet presents the oscillation characteristics between the north and the south. Both the integrated (from the surface to 100 hPa) diabatic heating and the horizontal vorticity advection contribute to the vertical velocity. In addition, the vorticity vertical advection has effects on the vertical speed, which is a self-feedback process. The latent heating in the precipitation has influences on the westerly jet in the upper troposphere. The interactions between the precipitation and the westerly jet are mainly manifested as the intraseasonal oscillations.  相似文献   

8.
一次台风变性并入东北冷涡过程的动力诊断分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
梁钊明  王东海 《大气科学》2015,39(2):397-412
台风北移变性并入东北冷涡是造成东北地区夏季大范围暴雨的主要形式之一, 但其中的热动力结构变化特征及其物理机制尚不清晰。本文利用美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)的再分析资料对一次台风变性并入东北冷涡过程进行动力诊断分析, 分析结果显示:冷涡冷空气的不断侵入以及台风移动形成的相对冷平流使得台风暖心结构消亡, 其低层低压辐合和高层高压辐散结构消失, 变性并入东北冷涡后气旋整层偏冷, 低层出现冷中心。台风变性并入东北冷涡过程中, 冷涡中心附近高空急流南侧的反气旋切变抑制气旋直接往高空发展, 而急流轴左侧的热动力分布特征有利于垂直涡度的发展, 变性后的气旋环流向冷涡的移近有利于急流轴维持倾斜, 从而促进气旋向高空冷涡倾斜发展。同时, 冷空气在气旋低层附近堆积导致等假相当位温线发生倾斜, 造成垂直涡度在气旋中层倾斜发展。台风变性并入东北冷涡后, 高空冷涡槽底的正垂直涡度平流促进气旋由中层直接向高层发展, 而高空冷涡槽底急流促进正垂直涡度平流的维持。气旋高空环流的发展反过来削弱了东北冷涡的高层环流, 导致高空冷涡中心出现北撤。  相似文献   

9.
利用长时间序列气象卫星及多源数据,研究青藏高原低涡综合识别方法,完成低涡数据集并与青藏高原低涡年鉴中低涡位置、路径和分布进行对比分析。研究表明:卫星识别多年平均低涡分布存在两个高值区,分别位于西藏的中北部和青海西南部及青藏高原西部,在有探空站的青藏高原东部(90°E以东),卫星识别低涡高值区和年鉴数据吻合,冬半年,卫星识别低涡活动明显高于年鉴,主要为青藏高原西部低涡活动引起,逐年及2008年低涡路径对比也显示,有探空站区域卫星识别低涡和年鉴具有较好的一致性,表明卫星识别低涡在青藏高原东部地区的可信性;2015年青藏高原中西部新增3个探空站,年鉴中90°E以西低涡约占全年低涡总数量的22%,该区域卫星识别低涡和年鉴一致性较高,表明卫星识别低涡在高原中西部的可信性。因此,卫星识别低涡与年鉴低涡在有探空站区域有较好的一致性,可对年鉴中青藏高原东部低涡源地进行追踪,又可识别青藏高原中西部尤其是活跃于冬半年的低涡,是青藏高原年鉴低涡数据的有效补充。  相似文献   

10.
利用1981—2016年川西台站降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,通过合成分析、Butterworth滤波等方法,分析了大气低频振荡对川西持续性强降水的影响,以期为该地强降水预报工作提供理论参考。结果表明:川西降水主要表现为15—30 d低频振荡特征。降水期间,低层低频东北风波列和西南风波列在川西相遇,辐合上升。前期在喀拉海和西北亚分别生成低频反气旋和气旋,两个系统向东南方向移动至贝加尔湖和日本海附近,为川西降水输送冷空气,印度半岛低频气旋转换为低频反气旋为川西输送阿拉伯海水汽。中层中高纬度东北风低频波列向南传播至雨区,有低频高压和低频低压分别与低层低频反气旋和气旋相对应,向东南方向传播从而影响川西地区。高层低频波传播也主要发生在中高纬度,降水前生成于贝加尔湖以西的低频反气旋和辐散中心先向东南移动,再向西南伸展,降水开始时控制川西地区。  相似文献   

11.
东亚地区低频振荡的经向传播及中纬度的低频波动   总被引:11,自引:3,他引:11  
何金海  杨松 《气象学报》1992,50(2):190-198
本文利用1981年6—9月欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)网格点资料分析了东亚地区低频(准40天)振荡的传播特性与结构特征,发现在120°E经度上的高空(低空)副热带地区有一个低频纬向风(经向风)经向传播的分离带(汇合带),指出中纬度低频纬向风振荡是准地转的,且高低空振荡同位相。同时揭示出:亚洲地区中纬度(35°N)高空低频纬向风的向东传播是波长为60—90个经度、移速为1.5—2.0个经度/d的中纬度低频波动东移的结果。这种低频涡旋移至东亚沿海地区常会发展,这种发展可能与急流中心附近正压不稳定能量的供给有关。  相似文献   

12.
索马里急流是北半球夏季最为强盛的越赤道气流,南亚高压则是出现在对流层高层、平流层低层最大最稳定的反气旋环流系统,基于近60年NECP/NCAR再分析资料,本文研究了年代际尺度上夏季索马里急流与南亚高压的联系。研究结果表明:年代际尺度上,索马里急流与南亚高压存在显著的正相关关系,当索马里急流偏弱(强)时,夏季南亚高压偏弱西退(偏强东进)。对不同年代际背景下南亚高压东西部的经向垂直环流的分析发现,当索马里急流处于偏弱位相时,南亚高压西半部(20°~70°E)经向垂直环流偏强,而其东半部(75°~120°E)经向垂直环流减弱;反之亦然。南亚高压南北两侧的纬向垂直环流的变化也有差异,索马里急流偏弱(强)时,北部南亚高压(27.5°~35°N)的青藏高原上空纬向垂直环流显著减弱(增强),而南部南亚高压(20°~27.5°N)的伊朗高原上空纬向垂直环流减弱(增强)明显。进一步的研究发现,年代际尺度上索马里急流与南亚高压的联系受到PDO(Pacific Decadal Oscillation)年代际变化的调制。PDO正负位相的转折,首先改变了对流层高层副热带西风急流的强弱变化,从而使得位于其南部的南亚高压强度和热带东风急流发生相应的改变,热带东风急流的变化又通过热带印度洋上空的局地纬向垂直环流将异常信号传递到对流低层,改变热带地区索马里急流的强弱变化。  相似文献   

13.
The intraseasonal variations of the Yangtze rainfall over eastern China and its related atmospheric circulation characteristics during the 1991 summer are examined based on the gauge-observed rainfall and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Wavelet analysis shows that during the 1991 summer, the active and break sequences of rainfall over the middle and lower Yangtze Basin are mainly regulated by an oscillatory mode with a period of 15–35 days. An investigation of the circulation features suggests that the 15–35-day oscillation is associated with an anomalous low-level cyclone (anticyclone) appearing alternatively over the northern South China Sea (SCS) and the Philippine Sea, and related to a northeastward (southwestward) shift of the western Pacific subtropical anticyclone over the SCS, leading to a lower tropospheric divergence (convergence) over the Yangtze Basin. In the upper troposphere, the 15–35-day oscillation exhibits a dipole anomaly characterized by an anomalous cyclone (anticyclone) over eastern China and an anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) over the northern Tibetan Plateau, resulting in a southwestward shrinking (northeastward extending) of the South Asian anticyclone, and forming a convergence (divergence) over eastern China. Such a coupled anomalous flow pattern between the lower and upper troposphere favors large-scale descending (ascending) motion, and hence reduced (enhanced) rainfall over the Yangtze Basin. Dynamically, the intraseasonal variations in the Yangtze rainfall are mainly determined by the coupling between the low-level relative vorticity and the upper-level divergence. In the middle troposphere, the 15–35-day oscillation of the subtropical high is originated over the central North Pacific north of Hawaii, then propagates westward to the SCS-Philippine Sea, and finally modulates the intraseasonal variations of the Yangtze rainfall.  相似文献   

14.
A series of ten numerical tests are carried out using smoothing techniques in the PSU/NACRmesoscale model MM5 initial field in order to study the development reasons of a pre-summeruncommon explosive event which took place in East Asia from 1—2 June.1993.The integrationfields are compared with that of original results obtained by non-smoothed initial field.The resultsshow that:(1)After the northern trough is smoothed,its corresponding cold air can not movedownward and southward.Only a weak cyclone system forms south of 25°N after 24 h integration.(2)After the southern strong moisture transportation channel is smoothed,the northem troughsystem can only form a weak trough along the east coast of China after 24 h integration.(3)Thesetwo separate low trough systems in the southern and northern jet systems,with strong warmmoisture transportation channel and cold air respectively,are both necessary for explosive cyclonedevelopment.In such an unfavorable season and location for explosive cyclone to take place,onlyafter these two low troughs merged into a strong low vortex can the surface cyclone he developedexplosively.Both the northern trough system and the southern moisture transportation channel areall indispensable for the explosive cyclone development.This explosive cyclone event is the resultof the interaction of northern and southern systems.  相似文献   

15.
使用常规观测资料及ERA5(0.25°×0.25°)再分析资料,对2009号台风“美莎克”进行分析。结果表明:此次过程,副热带高压异常强大,位置偏北,并与北侧阻高合并形成高压坝阻挡;“美莎克”沿副高外围北上与中纬度低涡及冷空气相互作用,变性后斜压性明显加大,低涡增强;“美莎克”携带大量水汽,同时中低空急流将海上水汽持续向黑龙江输送,并在黑龙江强烈辐合,形成强的水汽辐合区和水汽辐合带;高低空急流耦合构成强的垂直环流,对应非常强的垂直上升速度;副热带高压向西北伸展,高空引导气流和热成风方向转为西北—东南向,促使“美莎克”登陆后向西北移动,穿过黑龙江,是黑龙江出现大暴雨的主要原因。分析台风中心涡度、散度、垂直速度、位温、湿位涡等物理量的三维结构变化,可以很好地认识台风在北上登陆中的变性过程以及降水出现非对称结构的原因。  相似文献   

16.
1998 SCSMEX期间亚洲30-60天低频振荡特征的分析   总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34  
对1998年 5-8月南海季风试验(SCSMEX)期间东亚地区 850 hPa中低纬环流指数、东亚季风指数和长江中下游降水进行了Morlet 小波分析,结果表明在此期间这些要素均有明显的30-60天周期低频振荡。在此基础上对 5-8月每隔 5天的 850 hPa低频流场进行分析,结果表明:(1)100°-150°E间东亚从中国东中部大陆经南海和西太平洋的南北半球中明显的存在一个以30-60天低频荡为特征的东亚季风低频环流系统,东亚季风活动主要受东亚季风系统中低频活动影响;(2)5月第5候南海热带季风爆发、6月中旬长江中下游人梅及产生大暴雨以及7月中旬以后的该地区大暴雨均与低频气旋带在该地区活动有关,而8月长江上游大暴雨则与低频反气旋伸人到大陆有关;(3)SCSMEX期间东亚低频振荡系统的源地有二个,即南海赤道和北半球中太平洋中高纬。南海低频系统向北传播,而中高纬低频系统自东北向西南传播为主。长江中下游6、7月二次大暴雨均与上述二个低频气旋系统自热带向北和中高纬向西南传播并于长江中下游汇合有关;(4)5-8月间东亚季风系统中有二次低频气旋带和二次低频反气旋带活动,这些低频环流系统的活动与印度季风低频环流系统活动并无明  相似文献   

17.
In a two-and-a-half-layer quasi-geostrophic model, a process study is conducted on the interaction between a vortex and a zonal jet, both with constant potential vorticity. The vortex is a stable anticyclone, initially located north of the eastward jet. The potential vorticity of the jet is allowed to have various vertical structures, while the vortex is concentrated in only one layer. The flow parameters are set to values characteristic of the Azores region.First, the jet is stable. Weak vortices steadily drift north of the jet without crossing it while strong vortices can cross the jet and tear off a cyclone with which they pair as a heton (baroclinic dipole). This heton often breaks later in the shear exerted by the jet; the two vortices finally drift apart. When crossed by deep anticyclones, the jet develops meanders with 375 km wavelength. These results exhibit a noticeable similarity with the one-and-a-half-layer case studied in Part I.Secondly, the jet is allowed to be linearly unstable. In the absence of the vortex, it develops meanders with 175 km wavelength and 25-day e-folding time on the β-plane. For various vertical structures of the jet, baroclinic instability is shown to barely affect jet–vortex interaction if the linear growth rate of unstable waves is smaller than 1/(14 days). Further simulations with a linearly unstable, nonlinearly equilibrated jet evidence its strong temporal variability when crossed by a deep vortex on the β-plane. In particular, long waves can dominate the spectrum for a few months after jet crossing by the vortex. Again in this process, the deep vortex couples with a surface cyclone and both drift southwestward.  相似文献   

18.
2018年6-7月四川持续性暴雨的成因分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
针对2018年6~7月四川持续性暴雨天气,初步分析了持续性暴雨的成因。结果表明:暴雨持续期间南亚高压位置稳定且偏强。四川位于其东北侧的高空急流出口区。乌拉尔山阻塞高压和巴湖低涡较常年偏强且稳定,为四川持续性暴雨发生提供有利的环流背景。副高西侧外围的偏南气流为水汽从南海向四川输送提供了有利的通道。持续活跃的干冷空气频繁南下与西南暖湿气流在四川交绥,同时水汽也在四川地区强烈的持续辐合上升,为暴雨的持续发生提供了有利的动力和水汽条件。高原低值系统的东传是四川持续性暴雨发生的重要天气尺度系统。  相似文献   

19.
Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the 30-60 day oscillation (intraseasonal oscillation, ISO) of summer rainfall in China and the effects of East Asian monsoon on the rainfall ISO are analyzed in this paper. Results show that the annual and decadal variations of the oscillation exist between 1960 and 2008, and the intensity is weakest in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In the typical strong years of the rainfall ISO obtained from empirical orthogonal functions (EOF mode 1), an anticyclone is in northwestern Pacific and a cyclone is in the east of China. In the typical weak years, the wind ISO is much weaker. The low-frequency zonal wind and water vapor transport from the low latitudes to mid-latitudes in the typical strong years, and the oscillation strength of diabatic heating is much stronger than that in the weak years of the rainfall ISO. The anomaly characteristics of the rainfall ISO show anti-phases between the Yangtze River basin and south of China. As for the typical strong years of the rainfall ISO in the Yangtze River basin (EOF mode 2), the main oscillation center of water vapor is in the east of China (20-30°N, 110-130°E). In the peak (break) phase of the rainfall oscillation, a low-frequency cyclone (anticyclone) is in the Yangtze River basin and an anticyclone (cyclone) is near Taiwan Island. In addition, the peak rainfall corresponds to the heat source in the Yangtze River basin and the heat sink in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. As for the typical strong years of the rainfall ISO in the south of China, the main oscillation center of water vapor is south of 20°N. In the peak (break) phase of the rainfall ISO, a low-frequency cyclone (anticyclone) is in the south of China and an anticyclone (cyclone) is in the Philippines. The peak rainfall corresponds to the heat source in the south of China and the South China Sea, and the heat sink in the west of Indochina.  相似文献   

20.
利用1979—2015年ECMWF逐日再分析资料,通过EOF分解和回归分析研究了冬季北太平洋大气低频环流的年际和年代际变化特征及其与海表面温度异常(SSTA)和大气环流异常之间的联系。研究结果表明:冬季中纬度北太平洋地区850 h Pa低频尺度环流存在3个明显的变化模态:第一模态为海盆尺度的单极型异常气旋(反气旋)式环流,同期太平洋SSTA呈现El Ni1o(La Ni1a)以及PDO暖位相(冷位相)空间分布,阿留申低压强度增强(减弱),对流层中高层是正位相(负位相)的PNA型遥相关,北太平洋天气尺度风暴轴中东部南压(北抬);第二模态为在白令海峡和副热带地区呈气旋式与反气旋式环流南北向偶极型变化,同时中纬度北太平洋SSTA呈现NPGO(North Pacific Gyre Oscillation)正位相(负位相)的空间分布,黑潮区域SSTA偏暖(偏冷),北太平洋SSTA经向梯度加大(减小),对流层中高层为负位相(正位相)的WP型遥相关,北太平洋天气尺度风暴轴整体偏北(偏南),强度增强(减弱);第三模态为北太平洋中西部和北美西岸呈气旋式与反气旋式环流东西向偶极型异常,黑潮区域SSTA偏冷(偏暖)而北太平洋东部SSTA偏暖(偏冷),SSTA纬向梯度加大(减弱),同时赤道东太平洋出现类似La Ni1a(El Ni1o)的SSTA分布,北太平洋天气尺度风暴轴中东部明显减弱(加强)而西部略有加强(减弱)。  相似文献   

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