Winkler地基上有限长梁的组合共振响应分析

基于Winkler地基模型及Euler-Bernoulli梁理论,建立了两个横向激励共同作用下Winkler地基上有限长梁的组合共振模型,运用Galerkin方法和多尺度方法求得组合共振幅频响应方程,进而研究地基刚度、弹性模量、黏滞阻尼、外激励幅值等主要参数对其幅频响应曲线的影响。研究结果表明:增大地基刚度、弹性模量、黏滞阻尼或减小外激励幅值均可减小梁的响应幅值。黏滞阻尼的变化对影响的共振区域并无影响。     

移动荷载对桥梁动力响应的影响研究——以开裂预应力混凝土简支梁为例

混凝土桥梁在工作过程中会产生裂缝,为分析移动荷载对开裂混凝土桥梁结构刚度的影响,对开裂梁动力响应进行分析。建立简支T梁桥有限元模型,并将移动荷载施加至有限元模型中。根据简支T梁桥破坏横向分布位置和强度的不同,研究不同工况下各梁荷载横向分布及不同移动速度对裂缝扩展宽度的影响。结果表明,数值模拟结果能较好地验证计算模型的准确性;在较大的移动荷载作用下,混凝土开裂,导致结构刚度减小、位移增大;随着移动荷载和速度的增加,开裂时间增加,结构刚度降低,持续时间增加,位移增大,使结构响应呈现明显非线性。     

结构-地基体系的非比例阻尼影响及随机地震响应分析

针对结构-地基体系随机地震响应分析中存在的非比例阻尼耦合问题，采用不同非比例阻尼判断准则研究了结构-地基体系在不同刚度比，不同阻尼比下结构与地基间的阻尼耦合及体系不同振型间的阻尼耦合问题，推导了用于结构-地基非比例阻尼系统随机分析的小参数随机摄动分析公式，并用于地下大型有衬砌洞室的随机地震响应分析中。     

三向隔震不锈钢丝金属橡胶力学性能试验研究

为开发金属橡胶三向隔震器,文中针对不同成型密度的不锈钢丝金属橡胶试件,分别在拟静力、动力荷载作用下进行压缩和剪切性能试验,测试试件成型密度、加载幅值、循环加载次数、动力加载频率等因素对金属橡胶材料压缩和剪切滞变性能的影响规律,分析研究各试件的力学性能和阻尼性能。研究结果表明,金属橡胶材料承受压缩和剪切变形时均具有良好的变形能力(压缩荷载下可回复变形达40%,剪切荷载下可回复变形达80%),其滞变耗能能力随着试件成型密度的增大而增大;加载频率和加载次数对金属橡胶压缩和剪切滞变性能几乎没有影响;压缩荷载下试件的割线模量大于剪切荷载下的割线模量,但压缩变形时的等效阻尼比小于剪切变形下的等效阻尼比。     

Winkler弹性地基板梁的自由振动分析

中短型轨道板的几何构型介于梁、板之间,属于宽梁结构。从Mindlin板理论出发,退化得到适用于宽梁的Mindlin板梁控制方程;引入Winkler地基刚度系数,推导得到位移和转角的模态函数表达式。考虑两端简支的边界条件,得到弹性地基板梁的自由振动特征方程。通过无量纲数值算例求解出弹性地基板梁的自振频率,并与Timoshenko梁理论和Mindlin板理论进行对比。研究高跨比、泊松比和弹性地基刚度等参数对结构自振特性的影响,总结出弹性地基板梁方程的特点及适用范围,即宽度效应显著且泊松比较大的宽梁结构。     

长型大截面地下结构的横向自由振动方程

文中综合考虑了内阻尼、外阻尼、剪切变形、横截面转动惯性、轴力和地基模型参数的影响,推得了弹性地基梁的一般自由振动方程。由这一方程可以得到一系列特殊情况下地下结构的自由振动方程。这一方程不仅能从理论上扩展了Timoshenko粱理论,而且在后续的研究中,为研究上述因素对于地下结构的自由振动和强迫振动的影响奠定了理论基础。     

基于Timoshenko梁理论纤维模型巨型钢框架结构非线性地震反应分析方法

巨型钢框架结构中,组成主结构的杆件截面高度很大,荷载作用下截面剪切变形对杆件承载力和塑性发展的影响不能忽略,即基于弯曲梁理论的截面纤维模型梁柱单元用于此类结构非线性分析时精度并不高.本文基于刚度法将截面纤维模型与Timoshenko梁理论结合,考虑剪切屈服与弯曲屈服相分离建立杆件单元刚度矩阵通过有限元软件MSC.Mar...     

Winkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励3次超谐共振分析

本文研究W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的3次超谐共振问题,应用弹性理论和Galerk in方法建立W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的非线性动力方程,根据非线性振动的多尺度法求得系统满足3次超谐共振情况的一次近似解,分析了温度、阻尼、激励幅值、地基刚度等参数对系统的影响。     

Winkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励的1/3次亚谐共振分析

研究W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的1/3次亚谐共振问题。应用弹性理论和Galerk in方法建立W inkler地基梁在温度场中受简谐激励作用的非线性动力方程,根据非线性振动的多尺度法求得系统满足1/3次亚谐共振情况的一次近似解,并对其进行数值计算,分析了温度、调谐值、激励、阻尼、地基刚度等参数对系统的影响。     

复合地基垫层效应研究综述

垫层技术是复合地基的关键技术之一。本文总结了当前复合地基垫层效应和作用机理的研究现状,重点介绍了刚性基础和柔性基础下垫层对复合地基荷载传递规律、破坏模式、承载力和沉降特性的影响方面的研究。并从调整基础刚度的角度出发对垫层效应和作用机理进行了讨论。     

碎石桩复合地基振动响应试验分析

采用激振法和衰减测试对碎石桩复合地基块体振动响应进行现场试验，分析了该复合地基在不同激振方式下的振动反应规律，提出了碎石桩复合地基抗压、抗弯、抗剪刚度系数线性关系。同时通过试验对比，分析了自由振动与强迫振动两种测试方法对于碎石桩复合地基测试结果的适宜性，这对复合地基的理论研究及动力基础的天然地基的设计、试验和研究都具有实际意义。     

基础刚度对砖石古塔地震响应影响研究

以西安万寿寺塔纠偏工程为研究背景,分别建立增加圈梁、圈梁-地梁组合以及圈梁-地梁-托盘组合模型下的塔体与基础协同工作模型。采用时程分析法,对不同基础刚度条件下塔体的地震响应进行分析及评估,结果表明:(1)增大基础刚度的同时结构的地震位移响应将会被放大,但应力时程曲线的波动范围随之缩小、幅值减小;(2)增设圈梁时由于塔底三向受力,塔底应力将被放大;(3)进行基础完全托换能够大幅改善塔底在地震作用下的受力状态。在塔体加固维修时应综合考虑地震作用下塔体的位移放大效应与塔体应力分布的影响,选取合适的基础刚度。     

Response analysis of rigid structures rocking on viscoelastic foundation

In this paper the rocking response of slender/rigid structures stepping on a viscoelastic foundation is revisited. The study examines in depth the motion of the system with a non‐linear analysis that complements the linear analysis presented in the past by other investigators. The non‐linear formulation combines the fully non‐linear equations of motion together with the impulse‐momentum equations during impacts. The study shows that the response of the rocking block depends on the size, shape and slenderness of the block, the stiffness and damping of the foundation and the energy loss during impact. The effect of the stiffness and damping of the foundation system along with the influence of the coefficient of restitution during impact is presented in rocking spectra in which the peak values of the response are compared with those of the rigid block rocking on a monolithic base. Various trends of the response are identified. For instance, less slender and smaller blocks have a tendency to separate easier, whereas the smaller the angle of slenderness, the less sensitive the response to the flexibility, damping and coefficient of restitution of the foundation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

General dynamic-stiffness matrix of a timoshenko beam for transverse vibrations

The general dynamic-stiffness matrix of a Timoshenko beam for transverse vibrations is presented in this paper. All the effects of rotary inertia of the mass, shear distortion, structural damping, axial force, elastic-spring and dashpot foundation are taken into account in the formulation. As a consequence, the deflection function of the beam vibration is in complex form, and the nature of the beam vibration and the corresponding dynamic stiffnesses of the beam are characterized by general complex wave numbers. The dynamic-stiffness matrix for any special case can be derived easily from the general formula, which may be used directly in standard structural analysis.     

Investigation of the dynamic response of rigid footings on tensionless Winkler foundation

The dynamic response of a rigid footing resting on an elastic tensionless Winkler foundation is examined. A parametric investigation, concerning the effect of the main parameters on the response, is performed for harmonic excitation. The parameters examined include the stiffness and the damping of the foundation, the excitation frequency and the superstructure characteristics and loads. The maximum rocking response, the minimum length of contact after uplift, the maximum stress developed at the soil and the factor of safety with respect to the bearing capacity of the soil are used to measure the effect of each dimensionless parameter. An example for earthquake excitation is also given for a plane frame. The results are compared to the ones of a simplified static approach based on the maximum values of the applied loads, similarly to the procedure that is usually applied in practice. The results show that the static approach can predict the response satisfactorily if resonance does not happen, if the stiffness of the foundation is not large compared to the stiffness of the superstructure and if the dynamic part of the axial force of the column is not large; in these cases, it may underestimate or overestimate the response significantly, depending on the sign of the dynamic axial force that is considered.     

Transverse free vibration analysis of a tapered Timoshenko beam on visco-Pasternak foundations using the interpolating matrix method

The characteristics of transverse free vibration of a tapered Timoshenko beam under an axially conservative compression resting on visco-Pasternak foundations are investigated by the interpolating matrix method. The research is executed in view of a three-parameter foundation which includes the effects of the Winkler coefficient, Pasternak coefficient and damping coefficient of the elastic medium. The governing equations of free vibration of a non-prismatic Timoshenko beam under an axially conservative force resting on visco-Pasternak foundations are transformed into ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients in light of the bending rotation angle and transverse displacement. All the natural frequencies orders together with the corresponding mode shapes of the beam are calculated at the same time, and a good convergence and accuracy of the proposed method is verified through two numerical examples. The influences of foundation mechanical characteristics together with rotary inertia and shear deformation on natural frequencies of the beam with different taper ratios are analyzed. A comprehensive parametric numerical study is carried out emphasizing the primary parameters that describe the dynamic property of the beam.     

DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF BASE-ISOLATED SHEAR BEAMS BUMPING AGAINST STOPS

Base isolation requires a gap between the base-isolated building and its surroundings to provide space for the deformation of isolation system. Bumping against the surroundings may change the performance of the base-isolated building. In this study, the building is modelled as an elastic or inelastic shear beam and the surroundings is simplified as elastic or inelastic stops. The influence of stop stiffness, gap size and stop strength on the seismic response is studied. Numerical results indicate that the impact wave induced by the bumping can create an extremely high acceleration response in the shear beam, if the shear beam remains elastic. A non-linearly elastic stop model is observed to reduce the acceleration response. If the shear beam yields, the impact wave cannot propagate through the shear beam and the shear beam remains in the low acceleration response except for the base. Changing the stop stiffness or stop strength has little effect on the distribution of ductility demand along the shear beam. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地基动力特性参数分析中的点峰法与多峰法

长期以来我国规定用点峰法分析动力基础线位移幅频响应曲线,但得出的地基阻尼比偏低,因而在动力基础设计规范中的阻尼比也偏低。经测试分析比较,提出多峰法可以提高地基阻尼比。多峰法已用于液压振动台基础设计,较为经济,多年来使用良好。现对两个方法的区别包括刚度予以说明。