中朝陆块与扬子陆块会聚的古地磁证据

本文收集了1989年之前中朝陆块自晚石炭世至第三纪期间的古地磁极数据.应用分类过滤方法选出可靠的古地磁极，建立了中朝陆块新的视极移曲线.通过中朝陆块与扬子陆块视极移曲线的比较，对前人提出的两个陆块会聚的几种模式进行了检验.本文提出的旋转模式，对研究两陆块的会聚过程是较合理的新观点.     

阴山造山带—鄂尔多斯盆地岩石圈层、块速度结构与深层动力过程

阴山造山带位于鄂尔多斯盆地的北缘,这一地带不仅是构造活动强、弱的变异地域,且为盆、山的耦合地带,故在造山带与盆地地域具有各异的深层动力过程.本文基于高精度人工源地震宽角反射、折射探测和高分辨率的数据采集,通过反演求得了满都拉—鄂尔多斯—榆林—延川长达650 km剖面辖区的岩石圈精细层、块结构.研究结果表明：①沿该剖面由南向北地壳厚度为40~45 km;在不同构造单元其介质、结构均不相同;速度分布、空间结构形态和界面起伏及属性亦存在着明显差异;上地幔顶部速度为8.0~8.1 km/s;②沿剖面存在5条深、大断裂,且将该区切割成为壳、幔结构明显差异的4个构造单元,即鄂尔多斯盆地、盆山耦合地带、阴山造山带、内蒙构造带,它们各自具有固有的深层过程和动力学响应.同时厘定了阴山造山带与内蒙构造带之间的白云鄂博深、大断裂带是古亚洲洋的南界.在这里不仅导致了阴山造山带的形成,而且聚集了诸多的金属矿产资源,地震亦频繁活动.基于上述研究表明,阴山造山带—鄂尔多斯盆地耦合地带的壳、幔结构复杂、呈现出速度结构各异的层、块状展布.显然,在这一错综的成山、成盆、成岩、成矿和成灾地带,有着特异的深层过程和动力机制.     

苏北-胶南构造混杂岩带的地质特征和岩性地层柱

本文简要介绍了产于华北板块与扬子板块碰撞带范围内的苏北-胶南构造混杂岩带的地质构造背景,并系统地研究滑移介质、中-浅源和深源构造块的基本特征。在深源构造岩块的研究基础上建立了壳幔过渡带至上地幔段的岩性地层柱,对上地幔可能存在的地质作用类型进行了探讨     

东秦岭商丹构造带陆壳俯冲碰撞——花岗质岩浆源区同位素示踪证据

根据东秦岭商丹构造带两侧晚古生代～早中古生代碰撞型花岗岩类Pb,Nd和Sr同位素地球化学特征,对岩浆源区进行了分析,论证了北秦岭碰撞型花岗岩类的岩浆源区并不主要来自于原北秦岭的基底岩层,而其源区物质主要来自于商丹构造带南侧的南秦岭中、下地壳,这为东秦岭造山带在陆-陆相互作用阶段.南秦岭地壳滑脱俯冲于北秦岭陆块之下提供了直接的证据.     

腾冲、长白山、五大连池新生代火山岩Sr、Nd、Pb同位素地球化学特征

概括了腾冲、长白山、五大连池新生代火山岩岩石学、岩石化学基本特征,探讨了Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｐｂ同位素地球化学特征和岩浆源区性质。腾冲火山岩为高钾钙碱性岩系,高８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ、高２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ、２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ、低１４３Ｎｄ／１４４Ｎｄ,岩浆源区为俯冲带再循环富集地幔。长白山火山岩为超钾钙碱性岩系,低Ｓｒ高８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ,εＮｄ为－２３—＋２９,Ｐｂ同位素组成变化不大,岩浆源区为俯冲带再循环地幔。五大连池火山岩为超钾碱性岩系,高８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ、低１４３Ｎｄ／１４４Ｎｄ和２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ、２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ,岩浆源区为地幔内部交代作用所产生的富集地幔。     

挡块对斜拉桥抗震性能的影响

本文基于现有永和斜拉桥挡块设施的严重破损，引入非线性挡块元，采用有限元计算分析挡块对斜拉桥抗震性能的影响。结果表明，斜拉桥塔根挡块的调协对减震效果影响不大，但挡块具有减小塔顶残余变形的有利作用。鉴于此，对永和斜拉桥挡块进行修复是必要的。     

喜马拉雅山北坡的外来岩块及其成因的讨论

本文所描述的外来岩块是指在板块俯冲、碰撞的作用下,经过远距离的搬运残留下来的岩石块体。喜马拉雅山北坡外来岩块的主要特点是:多数由二叠纪厚层石灰岩组成,出露于雅鲁藏布缝合线附近和由北往南的运动性质。根据岩性、古生物的特征,它的成因可分为三种类型:俯冲型、仰冲型和挤压型。它们是在印度板块向北移动同欧亚板块俯冲、碰撞过程中,产生下部(印度板块)向北,上部(欧亚板块)往南的一对水平空间力偶的作用而形成的     

"川滇菱块"东侧边界带的宏-微观异常的形成与构造关系探讨

2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8．1级地震后,2002年“川滇菱块”东侧边界带的安宁河一则木河断裂带、小江断裂带以及大凉山断裂等4级地震异常活跃,宏微观异常大量出现,显示川滇菱形块体东侧边界带的活动性明显增强。本文就“川滇菱块”东侧边界带出现宏一微观异常的现象,形成过程和形成机理进行了分析。同时,与历史震例对比分析认为：宏观异常的项目、集中程度与构造有关,宏观异常与微观异常一样,不仅仅包含短临和临震信息,同样也包含中期和短期信息,甚至可能还包含构造运动所产生的无震信息。因此,研究宏一微观异常出现的时间、地点和相互关系对判断未来强震有一定参考意义。     

东秦岭及邻区壳、幔地球化学分区和演化及其大地构造意义

通过东秦岭及邻区壳源、幔源和前寒武纪基底岩石Pb和Nd同位素组成对比研究,辅以部分微量元素示踪,探讨了华北陆块南缘、北秦岭、南秦岭及扬子陆块北缘的构造归属,地壳增生历史及早期上地幔的演化,进而分析了它们的大地构造意义.     

桥梁结构抗震挡块的研究现状与展望

综述了桥梁抗震挡块的几类典型结构形式,对常见挡块的实际震害形式、破坏机理以及力学分析模型的研究现状进行了分析,归纳总结了不同规范中桥梁抗震挡块的设计方法。对当前挡块抗震研究和设计中存在的问题进行了分析和讨论,并提出了一种新型的预应力装配式超高性能混凝土(UHPC)挡块形式。研究结果表明:传统整体式混凝土挡块的主要破坏模式为斜剪和平剪破坏,既有试验中已对两种模式的破坏机理进行了较深入的研究;相比传统整体式混凝土挡块,滑移型混凝土挡块和弹塑性钢挡块在抗震设计中更具可控性,值得进一步在国内推广和应用;美国规范按挡块类型分别给出了不同的设计策略,并对挡块的承载力计算方法和配筋形式进行了说明,值得我国桥梁抗震设计规范借鉴;提出的装配式UHPC挡块具有传力简单明确、自复位和震后修复更换方便等特点,可作为我国中小跨径桥梁结构抗震挡块设计及加固的一种有益补充,值得进一步展开深入的研究。     

2001年我国大陆中强地震活动的构造背景

归纳总结了2001年我国西部5级、东部4级以上地震的发震构造背景，研究表明：2001年中国大陆5级以上的地震大部分发生在青藏一级地块内，华北地块仅发生几次4级地震，其它地块内的地震也较少。发震断层均为各活动地块内的主要活动断层。其中1998－2001年，我国大陆中强地震整体活动水平下半年明显强于上半年。     

Lithospheric composition and structure beneath the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt

Swarms of mafic-intermediate volcaniclastic bodies occur in the Minggang region of Henan Province, a tectonic boundary between the North Qinling and the North China Block, and emplaced at (178.31±3.77) Ma. These volcanic rocks are subalkaline basaltic andesites and contain abundance of lower crust and mantle xenoliths. Thus this area is an ideal place to reveal the lithospheric composition and structure beneath the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt. Geochemical data indicate that these mafic granulites, eclogites and metagabbros have trace elemental and Pb isotopic characteristics very similar to those rocks from the South Qinling Block, representing the lower part of lower crust of the South Qinling which subducted beneath the North China Block. Talcic peridotites represent the overlying mantle wedge materials of the North China Block, which underwent the metasomatism of the acidic melt/fluid released from the underlying lower crust of the South Qinling Block. Deep tectonic model proposed in this paper is that after the Late Paleozoic South Qinling lithosphere subducted northward and decoupled, the upper part of the lithosphere emplaced under the North Qinling and the lower part continuously subducted northward under the North China Block. In Early Mesozoic, the North Qinling Block obducted northward and the North China Block inserted into the Qinling orogenic belt in a crocodile-mouth shape.     

Lithospheric composition and structure beneath the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt——On deep-seated xenoliths in Minggang region of Henan Province

Swarms of mafic-intermediate volcaniclastic bodies occur in the Minggang region of Henan Province, a tectonic boundary between the North Qinling and the North China Block, and emplaced at (178.31±3.77) Ma. These volcanic rocks are subalkaline basaltic andesites and contain abundance of lower crust and mantle xenoliths. Thus this area is an ideal place to reveal the lithospheric composition and structure beneath the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt. Geochemical data indicate that these mafic granulites, eclogites and metagabbros have trace elemental and Pb isotopic characteristics very similar to those rocks from the South Qinling Block, representing the lower part of lower crust of the South Qinling which subducted beneath the North China Block. Talcic peridotites represent the overlying mantle wedge materials of the North China Block, which underwent the metasomatism of the acidic melt/fluid released from the underlying lower crust of the South Qinling Block. Deep tectonic model proposed i     

华北地块早古生代地层单元的岩石磁学特征研究

通过对采自华北地块西部鄂尔多斯盆地边缘早古生代地层单元中的４４块定向岩芯样品的岩石磁学实验（饱和等温剩磁及剩磁矫顽力的测量，三轴磁化的饱和等温剩磁的系统热退磁和低温实验）研究，揭示出华北地块早古生代地层单元的各类岩石中，主要载磁矿物的构成具有磁铁矿或赤铁矿与中等居里温度的磁黄铁矿、磁赤铁矿等共存的特征；个别地层单元的岩石中以极低居里点的针铁矿为主要载磁矿物．     

Major tectonic units of the North China Craton and their Paleoproterozoic assembly

In the last decade, Chinese geologists have made a remarkable progress in studies on thelithology, structural style, metamorphic evolution, geochemistry and geochronology of the North China Craton, including recognition of numerous tonalitic-trondhjemitic…     

Absence of Archean basement in the South Kunlun Block: Nd-Sr-O isotopic evidence from granitoids

Abstract   The West Kunlun mountain range along the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial in understanding the early tectonic history of the region. It can be divided into the North and South Kunlun Blocks, of which the former is considered to be part of the Tarim Craton, whereas consensus was not reached on the nature and origin of the South Kunlun Block. Samples were collected from the 471 Ma Yirba Pluton, the 405 Ma North Kudi Pluton and the 214 Ma Arkarz Shan Intrusive Complex. These granitoids cover approximately 60% of the Kudi area in the South Kunlun Block. Sr, Nd, and O isotope compositions preclude significant involvement of mantle-derived magma in the genesis of these granitoids; therefore, they can be used to decipher the nature of lower–mid crust in the area. All samples give Mesoproterozoic Nd model ages (1.1–1.5 Ga) similar to those of the exposed metamorphic complex of this block but significantly different from those of the basement of the North Kunlun Block (2.8 Ga). This indicates that the South Kunlun Block does not have an Archean basement, and, thus, does not support the microcontinent model that suggests the South Kunlun Block was a microcontinent once separated from and later collided back with the North Kunlun Block.     

The absolute paleoposition of the North China Block during the Middle Ordovician

Present-day hot spots and Phanerozoic large igneous provinces(LIPs) and kimberlites mainly occur at the edges of the projections of Large Low Shear Wave Velocity Provinces(LLSVPs) on the earth's surface. If a plate contains accurately dated LIPs or kimberlites, it is possible to obtain the absolute paleoposition of the plate from the LIP/kimberlite and paleomagnetic data. The presence of Middle Ordovician kimberlites in the North China Block provides an opportunity to determine the absolute paleoposition of the block during the Middle Ordovician. In addition to paleobiogeographical information and the results of previous work on global plate reconstruction for the Ordovician Period, we selected published paleomagnetic data for the North China Block during the Middle Ordovician and determined the most reasonable absolute paleoposition of the North China Block during the Middle Ordovician: paleolatitude of approximately 16.6°S to 19.1°S and paleolongitude of approximately 10°W. The block was located between the Siberian Plate and Gondwana, close to the Siberian Plate. During the Cambrian and Ordovician periods, the North China Block may have moved toward the Siberian Plate and away from the Australian Plate.     

大别山北缘深部结构的高精度重磁电震解析

大别山北缘位于大别造山带与华北陆块会聚地带,其深部精细结构还存在一些争议问题.根据近年来在研究区域内采集的地球物理数据,通过OMEGA、OASIS和FUGRO-LCT等多个重磁电震软件处理,获得了深部信息丰富的多种地球物理属性图像.本文从中选取了2条平行的电法和地震剖面,辅以高精度重磁数据,揭示了大别山北缘深部地质结构总体呈现华北陆块南向俯冲、北淮阳构造带向北逆冲的特征,并可清楚地识别大别山北缘造山带、肥南山前坳陷带和肥北斜坡带.其特征分别如下:①大别山北缘造山带,地震反射杂乱,电性高阻大于2000Ωm,以磨子潭-晓天断裂为界分为北大别杂岩带和北淮阳构造带,主要由大别群、卢镇关杂岩和佛子岭群组成,沿舒城-信阳断裂逆冲于中、下侏罗统之上,浅部发育北倾的金寨-龙门冲滑覆断裂.②肥南山前坳陷带,上部为中、新生界,呈现中低阻特征,地震反射界面清楚,断面波明显;下部为华北型前中生界沉积岩(上部可能残存古生界),电性特征为低阻(5~50 Ωm),地震反射较连续,内部反射弱.以六安断裂为界分为舒城凹陷和肥中断裂带,其北侧边界为肥中断裂.③肥北斜坡带,上部主要为侏罗系,呈现中低阻、水平层状地震反射特征;下部主要为霍邱群,电性为高阻,地震反射杂乱;中间为华北型前中生界沉积岩,向北逐渐减薄、直至缺失.上述认识将为华北陆块南向俯冲、南北板块碰撞缝合线和油气资源勘查等研究提供深部地质约束.     

Constraints on Jalisco Block Motion and Tectonics of the Guadalajara Triple Junction from 1998�C2001 Campaign GPS Data

A GPS campaign network in the state of Jalisco was occupied for?~36?h per station most years between 1995 and 2005; we use data from 1998?C2001 to investigate tectonic motion and interseismic deformation in the Jalisco area with respect to the North America plate. The twelve stations used in this analysis provide coverage of the Jalisco Block and adjacent North America plate, and show a pattern of motion that implies some contribution to Jalisco Block boundary deformation from both tectonic motion and interseismic deformation due to the offshore 1995 earthquake. The consistent direction and magnitude of station motion on the Jalisco Block with respect to the North America reference frame,?~2?mm/year to the southwest (95% confidence level), perhaps can be attributed to tectonic motion. However, some station velocities within and across the boundaries of the Jalisco Block are also non-zero (95% confidence level), and the overall pattern of station velocities indicates both viscoelastic response to the 1995 earthquake and partial coupling of the subduction interface (together termed ??interseismic deformation??). Our results show motion across the northern Colima rift, the eastern boundary of the Jalisco Block, which is likely to be sinistral oblique extension rather than pure extension. We constrain extension across both the Colima rift and the northeastern boundary of the Jalisco Block, the Tepic-Zacoalco rift, to???8?mm/year (95% confidence level), slow compared to relative rates of motion at nearby plate boundaries.     

The constraints of strain partitioning and geochronology in Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belts on Qinling orogenic belt

The Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belt lies between the North China Block and Qinling Mountains, including the Luonan-Luanchuan fault zone and the strong deformation zone to the north of the fault. The ductile shear zone, imbricate brittle fault and duplex structure in the fault zone now are the expression of the same tectonic event in different depth. Such lineation structure exists in the tectonic belts as mineral lineation, elongation lineation, crenulation lineation, sheath folds and so on, indicating NE-directed plate motion. Fold axes and thrusts in the strong deformation zone are inclined to the Luonan-Luanchuan fault zone at small angles. The structures with different natures show a regular pattern, produced during oblique convergence of plates. The convergence factors are as follows: The direction of plate convergence is 22°, 31° and the angle between the plate convergence direction and plate boundary is 73°, 82° respectively in the west and east segment. The Luonan-Luanchuan tectonic belt was deformed strongly in 372 Ma, resulted from Erlangping back-arc ocean basin subduction sinistrally and obliquely to North China Block during the collision of North China Block and South China Block. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40372097 and 40772131)