基于SCI-E的中国地震局科技论文文献计量分析

根据SCI-EXPENDED数据库1971~2014年收录的中国地震局科技论文情况,分析中国地震局的科技论文产出数量与增长趋势,了解中国地震局的科研合作状况和国际学术影响力,掌握学科分布特点及学科带头人概况等,从而为中国地震局开展地震科学研究及进行地震科技决策提供信息支撑。     

中国地震学会推荐第八届中国青年科技奖候选人工作即将开始

为实施人才强国战略,营造“尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造”的社会氛围,造就一批进入世界科技前沿的青年学术和技术带头人,激励广大青年科技工作者为实现全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标作出新的贡献,中央组织部、人事部、中国科协决定,开展第八届中国青年科技奖候选人     

科学发展动力学模型与学术带头人培养

本文将物理学上力学系统的运行与科学发展进程对比，提出了科学发展的动力学模型，运用这一模型分析了国家地震局系统的学术带头人队伍现状及进一步发展应解决的问题。科学发展能力可近似为三种基本力。本文针对地震系统的具体情况，定量给出了三种力的作用方式，相应的动力学近似为三种基本力。本文针对地震系统的具体情况，定量给出了三种力的作用方式，相应的动力学模型，并就模型涉及的科学惯性问题、科学能力的有机构成问题，以及系统可控性问题、反馈问题等做了一此讨论，进而指出了如何加速系统、增大产出（科研成果等）、培养创造型人才及学科带头人的可能途径。     

加速培养一支青年学科带头人队伍

对我国地震队伍的现状,特别是对新一代学科带头人成长中存在的问题进行了深入的分析,论述了加速培养新一代年青的学科带头人,是关系到地震科技事业前途的大事,必须从战略的高度来认识这一问题的重要意义,进而提出加速培养造就年青学科带头人队伍的建议。     

王永志院士获2003年度国家最高科学技术奖

王永志 ,1 932年出生于辽宁省 ,1 952年考入清华大学 ,1 96 1年毕业于莫斯科航空学院 ,中国工程院院士 ,国际宇航科学院院士 ,俄罗斯宇航科学院外籍院士 ,现在中国人民解放军总装备部工作。王永志 1 992年至今任中国载人航天工程总设计师。王永志是航天技术专家 ,是我国载人航天工程的开创者之一和学术技术带头人。 4 0多年来在我国战略火箭、地地战术火箭及运载火箭的研制工作中做出突出贡献 ,特别是在载人航天工程中做出重大贡献。王永志院士获2003年度国家最高科学技术奖@董泰     

中国地震局、中国地震学会联合推荐第八届中国青年科技奖候选人的工作结束

为实施人才强国战略 ,营造“尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造”的社会氛围 ,造就一批进入世界科技前沿的青年学术和技术带头人 ,激励广大青年科技工作者为实现全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标作出新的贡献 ,中央组织部、人事部、中国科学技术协会决定 ,开展第八届中国青年科技奖候选人推荐与评选工作。中国地震局和中国地震学会通过协商 ,决定由双方联合完成这次推荐中国青年科技奖候选人的工作。经过中国地震局所属各局(研究所 )和中国地震学会所属各专业委员会二个渠道的推荐 ,共产生了 1 4名中国青年科技奖候选人。在此基础上 ,中国…     

基于中国知网的我国地震地下流体文献统计与分析

基于中国知网中文期刊数据库,对我国地震地下流体文献在1982—2023年发表的学术论文的作者、关键词、研究热点、发文机构等方面进行文献计量学分析,揭示文献的各项特征及反映的规律,为学科发展研究提供重要参考。结果显示：在我国地震地下流体的研究中,高产作者是我国地下流体研究领域有影响力的学术带头人;研究的主要内容为从较为单一的地震预报转变为地震预报、地球化学、井震结合等,近年研究趋向多元化、综合化;中国地震局下属的研究所和相关机构是地下流体研究的主要力量,是该类文章发表的主力军;与其他新兴学科交叉融合,结合高新观测技术探索多尺度协同化观测新模式可能是该领域今后的一个发展方向。     

新疆地震局人才现状及今后教育的方向

本文对新疆地震局专业技术队伍的人才现状进行了统计分析,认为通过“六五”期间的职工教育,专业技术队伍的结构有了较大的改变,经过体制调整和专业职务评聘,知识结构和职称结构逐渐趋于合理。为适应新疆地震监测预报任务,加速地震队伍现代化建设,我局当前的职工教育仍应以科技人员为主,在科技人员中应抓好三方面的教育内容:(1)培养高层次的学科带头人;(2)对具有中专以上学历人员的继续教育;(3)对监测第一线高中及以下文化程度人员的学历教育和专业培训。其中应把童点放在培养高层次学科带头人方面,这对于发展新疆地震事业具有长远的战略意义。     

重温顾功叙院士对我国地震预报工作的精辟见解

顾功叙院士, 我们都尊敬地称之为顾老, 从中国科学院地球物理研究所建立起, 他就担任地球物理所研究员和副所长, 负责勘探地球物理学科的发展. 毫无疑问, 顾老是我国勘探地球物理发展的学科带头人, 为勘探地球物理的发展作出了卓越的贡献.* 收稿日期: 2008-06-11.     

中国地震学会第八次学术大会纪要

中国地震学会第八次学术大会, 于2000年9月15～19日在四川省成都市召开. 这次学术大会共收录论文摘要350篇, 在学术大会上宣读了280篇. 参加学术大会的正式代表为315人.     

Observation and study on the whole process of cloud-to-ground lightning using narrowband radio interferometer

A narrowband radio interferometer has been developed and used to locate the entire sources of VHF radiations from a negative cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning discharge which contains 19 strokes. This system uses five antennas to form an array consisting of short- and long-baselines along two or- thogonal directions. The system error which comes from frequency conversion is reduced by phase detection through direct high frequency amplifying. An interactive graphic analysis procedure is used to remove the fringe ambiguities which exist inherently in interferometry and to determine the direction of lightning radiation sources in two dimensions (azimuth and elevation) as a function of time at a time resolution of microsecond orders. With the developed system, the whole progression process in time and space of a lightning flash can be reconstructed. In this paper, combining the synchronous data of electric filed change and VHF radiation, the whole processes of an example negative CG flash have been studied in detail. It is found that the preliminary breakdown event of the CG flash started from negative charge region and exhibited firstly a downward pregression and then an upward propagation. There were very intense and continuous radiations during stepped leaders which became much stronger when the first return stroke began. In contrast, there were less and only discrete radiations during dart leaders. Stepped leader and dart leader may transform to each other depending on the state of the ionization of the path. The progression speed of initial stepped leaders was about 105 ms?1, while that was about 4.1×106 and 6.0×106 ms?1 for dart leaders and dart-stepped leaders, respectively. M events produced hook-shaped field changes accompanied by active burst of radiations at their begin- nings. Followed these active radiation processes, M events appeared to contact finally into conducting main discharge channels. The mean progression speed of M events was about 7×107 ms?1, greater than that of the dart leaders and dart-step leaders. K events and attempted leaders were essentially the same as dart leaders except that they could not reach the ground and initiate return strokes.     

HF radiation emitted by chaotic leader processes

This paper presents direct measurements of narrowband 10 MHz HF radiation from so-called “chaotic leaders” associated with subsequent return strokes. Although the term is controversial and poorly defined, we find that more than 30% of subsequent strokes in close lightning flashes contain electric field characteristics that are best described as “chaotic”. In earlier studies, return strokes have consistently been observed to be the strongest sources of HF radiation, but the results for leader processes are less consistent. We also observe return strokes to be the main HF emitter, and the leaders before the first return stroke in a flash sequence also emit HF though somewhat less intensely. The leaders preceding subsequent strokes typically emit little or no HF radiation, whether they are dart or dart-stepped leaders.However, it was observed that the presence of a chaotic component increases the leader HF intensity dramatically Defining the HF intensity unequivocally can be problematic for processes like chaotic leaders which have a combination of continuous and impulsive phenomena. Two time-domain methods were used to measure the HF intensity, the peak energy and the RMS energy. In the frequency domain these correspond to the energy spectral density (ESD) and power spectral density (PSD), respectively.It was found that the methods are not necessarily compatible. Thus, it is suggested that to clarify future work, leader processes should be characterized by the PSD rather than the ESD.     

Active regions and the large scale flow in the solar photosphere

Summary Statistics on sunspot leaders and followers in active regions are derived from the 50 years of Greenwich records 1905–1954. The results are combined with the probable structure of large scale solar eddies as synthesized from various relevant pieces of information. It is found that active regions tend to be located in anticyclonic ridges of the large disturbances. The statistical leader and follower populations are further subdivided, each into new and old spot classifications. The new leaders, especially, show motions different from those of other spots, suggesting the presence of a life cycle for the large disturbances. It is found that the divergence and vorticity are positive and anticyclonic, respectively, for the new active regions, the former quantity being numerically larger than the latter in this case. Various possible implications of the material are discussed.     

分量核旋仪补偿电流选定方法的研究

通过对核旋仪分量补偿测量原理与磁偏角补偿测量原理的推导,得出对分量补偿电流与偏置补偿电流进行选定的数学方法,并将这种选定方法应用到新一代数字化分量核旋仪的设计中。实际应用表明该方法选定精确、方便适用。     

2005年2月15日新疆乌什县6.3级地震后震情和灾情快速判定

2005年2月15日乌什6.3级地震发生后,根据历史地震类型、空间分布图像和发震构造的对比分析在4个小时内做出快速判定:6.3级地震较大可能为主余型地震,短期内震区有可能发生5级左右强余震,并根据历史地震震害、地震空间位置与震害关系以及地震断错主动盘与震害关系的对比分析,快速估计6.3级地震区的人员伤亡和经济损失较轻。评估意见及时向新疆维吾尔自治区领导作了汇报,为自治区和震区的领导和群众顺利开展抗震救灾工作发挥了良好作用。经过1个多月的实际检验,证明上述意见是正确的。最后对快速判定中应该注意的事项和存在的问题进行了讨论。     

The theory of lightning photography and a camera of new design

Summary A theoretical study of the optics of lightning cameras shows that the focal length as well as the relative aperture of the lens should be considered in the photography of streamers having the dimensions of the stepped leader. Increasing the focal length increases the useful distance range of the camera and allows it to be run at higher speeds for near photography.The effects produced on the photographs by variations in the dimensions of stepped leaders, the grain size and speed of the emulsion, the light scattered by rain and the camera speed, are critically examined.In conclusion a camera is described which has a lens of focal length 14 cm and a relative aperturef/2. The film, in the form of a belt, is run between two small drums to keep it flat in the image field. It has been possible to obtain records of stepped leaders at a distance of 35 km and the camera shows promise of being able to photograph the pilot streamer.     

Numerical simulations of the bi-level and branched structure of intracloud lightning flashes

Intracloud (IC) lightning is used to mean those lightning flashes which channels do not strike the ground. It is an important scientific problem to inves-tigate the IC flash features and the discharge physics.Measurements from the electric field change arrange-ment[1,2] and VHF radiation events[3,4] have provided ample evidence that IC flashes have branches with substantial horizontal extents. The VHF interferomet-662 Science in China: Series D Earth Sciences ric observations[5] also s…     

基于能量反应的地震动输入选择方法讨论

输入地震波的合理选择是影响结构时程分析结果可信度的重要因素。已有的最优双指标选波方案没有考虑地震动的持时和能量分布的影响。文中考虑地震动持时这一影响结构弹塑性反应的重要因素,以抗震结构的能量反应规律为基础讨论输入地震波选择问题,建议以地震动弹性总输入能反应作为补充指标的选波方案。