广东五华白石嶂钼矿区矿床地质特征

白石嶂钼矿区归属于环太平洋钼成矿带华南褶皱系钨-铜-钼成矿省,成矿于中生代燕山期。矿床赋存于燕山二期细粒二云母花岗岩株南东端西侧与上三叠-下侏罗统地层的接触带,白石嶂断裂（F19）与杨塘断裂的交汇部位。本文从区域地质背景入手,着重研究了地层、构造、岩浆岩与成矿的关系;并对矿床的成矿专属性作了初步探讨。文章对围岩及其蚀变特征与矿体/矿石赋存特征、矿体规模之间的关系作了较深入的分析;并在分析成矿物质来源、总结矿化富集规律的基础上,结合粤东地区钼矿成矿特征,总结出本区控矿地质条件与成矿规律,为粤东地区该类矿床的寻找提供理论上的参考。     

西藏日土县材玛铁矿地质特征及找矿方向

通过对西藏日土县材玛铁矿床的调查研究表明,南羌塘拗陷带的材玛铁矿床成矿地质条件较好.经地表槽探揭露和深部钻探工程控制,发现其矿体为似层状;矿体品位和厚度沿走向和倾向变化较小;容矿岩石主要为矽卡岩、矽卡岩化灰岩;矿石类型简单,主要为磁铁矿矿石.矿化富集与侵入于上三叠统地层的燕山晚期花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、花岗斑岩密切相关;矿体产出部位严格受碳酸盐岩层位及其层间破碎带的控制,属接触交代型矿床.其形成与燕山晚期岩浆活动关系密切,空间分布严格受岩浆岩和断裂的控制.花岗岩类岩体与上三叠统地层的接触带和层间破碎带是寻找铁矿的有利部位,外围地区具有寻找相同类型铁矿床的远景.     

河南嵩县安沟钼矿地质特征

河南嵩县安沟钼矿区构造、岩浆活动强烈,具有良好的成矿地质条件。以构造控矿为主,石英-方解石脉是钼矿的主要矿石类型,属石英-方解石脉型钼矿。本文介绍了安沟钼矿床地质特征,总结了钼矿找矿标志。     

福建省永定山口钼矿区地质特征及成因

福建省永定山口钼矿区圈出工业矿体4个,产于闪长玢岩体内,受东西向断裂控制。主要蚀变类型为磁铁矿化、黄铁矿化、绿泥石化、硅化、绢云母化、钾化等。金属矿以辉钼矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿为主。矿床地质特征与斑岩型钼矿类似,为斑岩型钼矿。结合山口钼矿的成矿特征,提出区内钼矿的找矿前景。     

江西省大湖塘石门寺矿区超大型钨矿的发现及找矿意义

江西省武宁县大湖塘石门寺超大型钨矿的成功勘查是我国地质找矿工作的重大发现。矿化类型划分为细脉浸染型、隐爆角砾岩型和石英大脉型。前者占总储量的74％,该类型以晋宁晚期黑云母花岗闪长岩为容矿围岩,以燕山中期酸性深成至浅成花岗岩为成矿母岩。矿体厚大且产状平缓,大致平行于黑云母花岗闪长岩与似斑状黑云母花岗岩株顶部的接触面分布,以外接触带为主（I1矿体）,水平投影面积1．50km2,单工程最大厚度389．33m,平均厚度143．67m,平均品位0．193％,厚度变化系数63．7％,品位变化系数115．8％。工业矿物主要为白钨矿、黑钨矿、黄铜矿、辉钼矿。矿石组构类型主要有结晶结构、交代结构、细脉状构造、浸染状构造,常见近矿围岩蚀变为黑鳞云母化、云英岩化、绿泥石化,成因类型属岩浆期后高中温热液矿床,工业类型可划归为细脉浸染型白钨矿。石门寺矿区以黑云母花岗闪长岩为容矿围岩的细脉浸染状白钨的发现,改变了以往只专注评价石英大脉型黑钨矿的找矿思路,为矿区及九岭矿集区实现钨多金属找矿突破指明了新的方向。     

潮州台地下水化学异常与地震的关系

潮州台地下水化学异常与地震的关系黄国铭（潮州市地震局，潮州５２１０１１）潮州水化观测井位于北东向的三饶—潮州—普宁断裂与北西向的韩江断裂的交汇处，围岩为燕山期花岗岩，井深５１．３ｍ，为花岗岩微承压水，水温常年平均在２４℃左右，水质为ＨＣＯ３－—Ｃａ＋...     

新疆吉拉拜金矿床地质特征及成因

吉拉拜金矿位于新疆布尔津县北约40km处的哈巴河黑云母斜长花岗岩体内北西向断裂带中，研究表明该金矿为石英脉型金矿，稀土元素研究表明，矿化蚀变岩石与黑云母斜长花岗岩具有相似的变化特征，流体包裹体均一测温表明成矿温度为120－360℃，有两个峰值，一个峰值位于270－300℃范围，另一峰值位于150－230℃范围内，表明岩浆期后热液和断裂活动对城矿均起作用。含金脉石英的氢氧同位素组成研究表明，矿化早阶段，成矿热液中以变质热液及岩浆热液为主，随着矿化作用的后移，成矿溶液中自然会加入越来越多的大气降水，导致其氢氧同位素组成向大气降不线方向漂移。研究结果显示，哈巴河岩体为该金矿提供成矿物质，成矿流体是由哈巴河岩体的岩浆期后热液、动力变质热液及大气降水共同组成，北西向断裂带是这些成矿热液的运移通道。该北西向断裂带为逆冲压扭性质。该逆冲压扭断裂中的局部弱应力部位是成矿物质有利的沉淀富集场所。吉拉拜金矿床含金石英脉就是沿北西向逆冲压扭性断层中局部张拉部位产出。哈巴河岩体中产西向断裂带及其中的石英脉都很发育，具有很好的找矿前景。     

福建德化杨梅地区金矿成矿地质条件和矿床成因

本文分析研究了德化杨梅地区金矿成矿地质条件，矿床主要地质和地球化学特征以及矿床成因等。结果表明，德化杨梅地区是一个金的高背景地球化学场，为成矿提供了物质基础；金矿床，矿点明显地受ＮＥ、ＮＷ向断裂及其交叉复合部位控制；与成矿有关的侵入岩－次火山岩主要是燕山期的石英闪长岩，花岗闪长斑岩和花岗斑岩，金的矿化类型主要为含金石英脉型，含金石英－硫化物型及破碎蚀变岩型；区内金矿成因类型主要为次火山热液型和岩浆     

湘南黄沙坪铅锌钨钼多金属矿床辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素定年及其意义

通过对黄沙坪铅锌钨钼矿床六个辉钼矿样品的Re-Os同位素分析, 获得的模式年龄为150.9~156.9 Ma, ¹⁸⁷Re-¹⁸⁷Os 等时线年龄为(154.8 ± 1.9) Ma, MSWD＝1.5; 模式年龄和等时线年龄结果集中一致, 为黄沙坪矿床提供了一个准确的形成时限. 该成矿年龄与黄沙坪花岗岩体的成岩年龄(161.6 ± 1.1) Ma基本一致. 上述数据表明, 黄沙坪花岗岩体与黄沙坪矿床, 同区域内的骑田岭花岗岩体及其相关的芙蓉锡矿田、新田岭钨矿床, 以及千里山花岗岩体与柿竹园钨锡钼铋矿床、金船塘锡铋矿床等都是燕山中期的产物. 它们均为湘南岩浆-成矿带的重要组成部分, 也是华南燕山中期大规模成矿作用在湘南地区的集中表现. 黄沙坪矿床辉钼矿样品的Re含量较低, 表明其成矿物质主要来自于地壳.     

辽宁省义县大铁厂地区金钼矿地质特征与找矿标志

辽宁省义县大铁厂地区金钼矿床为浅成中一高温热液石英脉型,受韧性剪切构造和岩浆活动控制,本文在详细研究了矿床地质及地球物理化学特征基础上,总结了该矿床的主要控矿因素并归纳了主要找矿标志,为进一步在该区找矿指明了方向。     

乌拉嘎金矿主要控矿因素与激电法找金效果

乌拉嘎金矿主要控矿因素是构造破碎带及裂隙带、斜长花岗斑岩体和老基底变质杂岩.其中构造破碎带是最主要控矿因素.矿化富集与含金玉髓状石英细脉或细网脉、黄铁一白铁矿脉和碳酸盐脉的发育程度密切相关.含金热液脉体的形态产状受构造破碎带和裂隙带控制，经过多期次叠加，往往造成矿化的进一步富集.矿体呈脉状、复脉状、扁豆状等形态.上述特点为该区电法找金提供了先决条件.金矿石是本区主要极化体.在乌拉嘎金矿区的张才沟靶区获得低阻高极化和高阻高极化异常，可望找到含金石英脉及含矿破碎带.     

江西省铅山地区硅灰石矿地质特征及找矿远景

铅山地区除金属矿产外,非金属矿产也较多,其中硅灰石矿分布广泛。铅山硅灰石矿赋存于燕山早期侵入形成的葛仙山花岗岩体的外接触带400~500 m范围的下二叠统栖霞组含燧石灰岩和中厚层状夹硅质条带灰岩及硅质页岩、石英砂岩中。矿体多呈透镜状、囊状、不规则条带状等产出,矿体走向长50~100 m,厚度2~30 m。矿石中主要矿物为硅灰石、石英、方解石,硅灰石含量一般60%~70%,矿石化学成分主要为S iO2和C aO。区内燧石灰岩提供了硅灰石形成的硅钙质组合、中深成岩浆岩为钙硅化学合成硅灰石提供了反应热能,属层控热变质交代型矿床。区内同类型硅灰石矿化普遍,具有较好的成矿潜力。     

广东潮安四望坪铜矿区断裂控矿特征

广东潮安四望坪铜矿以岩浆期后热液交代充填成矿为特征,在其三位一体（岩浆岩、断裂/层间滑动破碎带、围岩）的控矿组合中,以流纹斑岩、晶屑凝灰岩的层间滑动破碎带为最佳。本文从矿区资料的综合研究入手,深入剖析了岩浆岩、断裂、围岩圈闭条件与矿体规模、富集程度的关系;旨在通过对矿区地质环境与矿床成因的深入分析,建立火山期后热液矿床的断裂控矿模式,为粤东火山岩地区该类矿床的发现提供理论上的启示。     

Evidence from pseudomorphous β-quartz phenocryst for decompression of rock-forming and ore-forming processes in Shapinggou porphyry Mo deposit

The Shapinggou porphyry molybdenum(Mo) deposit, located in Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, China, is the largest in the Qinling-Dabie Mo Metallogenic Belt. The intrusive rocks in the Shapinggou Mo ore district formed in the Yanshanian can be divided into two stages based on zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical features. This study focuses on the late stage intrusions(quartz syenite and granite porphyry), which are closely genetically related to molybdenum mineralization. Petrographic observations identified two quartz polymorphs in the quartz syenite and granite porphyry, which were derived from the same magmatic sources and similar evolutionary processes. The quartzes were identified as a xenomorphic β-quartz within quartz syenite, while the quartz phenocrysts within the granite porphyry were pseudomorphous b-quartz, characterized by a hexagonal bipyramid crystallography. The pseudomorphous b-quartz phenocrysts within the granite porphyry were altered from b-quartz through phase transformation. These crystals retained b-quartz pseudomorph. Combined with titanium-inzircon thermometry, quartz phase diagrams, and granitic Q-Ab-Or-H_2O phase diagrams, it is suggested that the quartz syenite and granite porphyry were formed under similar magmatic origins, including similar depths and magmatic crystallization temperatures. However, the β-quartz within quartz syenite indicated that the crystallization pressure was greater than 0.7 GPa, while the original b-quartz within the granite porphyry was formed under pressures between 0.4 and 0.7 GPa. The groundmass of the granite porphyry which formed after the phenocryst indicated a crystallizing pressure below 0.05 GPa. This indicates that the granite porphyry was formed under repetitive and rapid decompression. The decompression was significant as it caused the exsolution of the ore-forming fluids, and boiling and material precipitation during the magmatic-fluid process. The volumetric difference during the phase transformation from b-quartz to β-quartz caused extensive fracturing on the granite porphyry body and the wall rocks. As the main ore-transmitting and ore-depositing structures, these fractures benefit the hydrothermal alteration and stockwork-disseminated mineralization of the porphyry deposit. It is considered that the pseudomorphous β-quartz phenocrysts of the porphyritic body are metallogenic indicators within the porphyry deposits. The pseudomorphous β-quartzes therefore provide evidence for the formation of the porphyry deposit within a decompression tectonic setting.     

广东省揭西金坑铜锡铅锌矿区矿床地质特征与远景预测

广东省揭西金坑矿区目前已初步查明的（333＋334）级矿石量为2245464.8吨,其中金属量Cu：17596.7吨、Sn：5945.3吨、Pb：31536.9吨、Zn：58095.2吨。矿区主要矿体为脉状,均受滑动破碎构造带控制,总体上可分为两种类型：一类分布于灰白色花岗闪长斑岩中,在空间分布上受滑动破碎构造带控制,矿体顶底板为片理化带,蚀变强,呈脉状、透镜状产于花岗闪长斑岩体内的片理化带所产生的滑动破碎带中。另一类则产于石英片岩、粉砂岩、炭质泥岩层间滑动破碎构造带中,主要由多个连续的或间断的扁豆状、透镜体状的矿脉组成。矿体赋存严格受岩层控制,矿脉与围岩界线清楚。本文旨在通过对矿体特征、成矿机理的深入分析,为矿区为进一步扩大资源量提供理论上的启示。     

江南古陆中元古代地层的划分与对比

江南古陆是扬子板块与华夏板块长期活动拼贴而成,构造极为复杂,地层的划分与对比也是众说纷纭。通过对江南古陆的变质岩的研究,认为江南古陆大地构造可划分三个Ⅰ级构造地层区：扬子地层区、江南古陆地层区及华夏地层区。江南古陆地层区又可进一步划分Ⅱ级构造地层区5个（宜丰-景德镇-歙县构造地层分区、万年构造地层分区、赣东北构造地层分区、怀玉构造地层分区及丰城-鹰潭-龙游构造地层分区）;各构造地层分区之间以构造（蛇绿）混杂岩亚带或韧性剪切带相拼接。双桥山群及周潭岩群仅分别分布在扬子地层区修水-祁门分区及华夏地层区北武夷地层分区内,而且是一套史密斯地层。而江南古陆内则发育非史密斯地层。     

Fluid inclusion microthermometry for P–T constraints on normal displacement along the Median Tectonic Line in Northern Besshi area,Southwest Japan

The Median Tectonic Line (MTL) is a first‐order tectonic boundary that separates the Sanbagawa and Ryoke metamorphic belts. Documented large‐scale top‐to‐the‐north normal displacements along this fault zone have the potential to contribute to the exhumation of the Sanbagawa high‐pressure metamorphic belt. Fluid inclusion analyses of vein material formed associated with secondary faults within the Sanbagawa belt affected by movement on the MTL show normal movement was initially induced under temperatures greater than around 250°C. Microstructures of quartz and K‐feldspar comprising the vein material suggest a deformation temperature of around 300°C, supporting the results of fluid inclusion analyses and suggesting deformation at depths of around 10 km. The retrograde P–T path of the Sanbagawa metamorphic rocks and the estimated isochore of the fluid inclusions do not intersect. The semi‐ductile structures of surrounding rocks and lack of evidence for hydrothermal metamorphism around the veins imply the temperature of the rocks was similar to that of the fluid. These observations suggest fluid pressure of the veins was lower than lithostatic pressure close to the MTL.     

Silicification of pelitic schist in the Ryoke low-pressure/temperature metamorphic belt, Southwest Japan: Origin of competent layers in the middle crust

We propose that competent layers composed of silicified rocks in the Cretaceous Ryoke low-pressure/temperature (low- P/T ) metamorphic belt in the Iwakuni–Yanai area, Southwest Japan, may be an exhumed equivalent of a seismically-reflective bright-layer in the middle crust. Silicified rocks crop out as layers or long lenticular bodies several to fifteen meters in thickness, and they are restricted to the area of greenschist facies conditions within a structural thickness of about one kilometer. The silicified rock layers exhibit a sharp contact with subjacent biotite schist but a gradational contact with overlying pelitic schist. Silicified rock is mainly composed of fine-grained quartz and minor muscovite and biotite, and some colored minerals have been variably decolorized by alteration. This implies that silicification turned the color of pelitic schists to pale gray or milky white. Quartz veins cutting schistosity at high angles were preferentially developed in the silicified rocks, while schistosity-parallel quartz veins, which underwent viscous flow, were observed in the underlying biotite schists. En echelon quartz veins and fishnet-like quartz veins are characteristic of silicified rocks. The modes of occurrence of quartz veins indicate that silicified rocks were competent relative to underlying biotite schist. The combination of contact with high-competence contrast adjacent to low-permeability silicified rocks may be a good reflector of seismic waves. If the silicified rocks were distributed in the middle crust to a considerable extent, they may result in seismic bright-layer reflections.     

Proterozoic anorogenic magmatic rocks and their constraints on mineralizations in the Bayan Obo deposit region, Inner Mongolia

The Proterozoic anorogenic magmatic rocks are well developed in the Bayan Obo deposit region. They are composed of trachyte, magnesioarfvedesonite-feldspatite, potash-rhyolite, dacite, rhyolite, quartz porphyry and trachy basalt. A lot of high-K diabase veins (dykes) are also found. These anorogenic magmatic rocks are derived from the mantle. They have lowerεNd (t) (4.52-5.88) with T(Nd DM)=1.54-1.92 Ga. Their Nd isotopic compositions and T(Nd DM)are consistent with those of ores, implying that the ore-forming materials were derived from these anorogenic magmatic rocks. The zircon U-Pb ages of the rocks are 1.8 Ga. Research results indicate that the Bayan Obo Group was replaced by the hydrothermal solution related to the anorogenic magmatic rocks, resulting in the formation of the deposit.