华北中部地区重力场时空动态演化特征

以2009—2013年获取的9期流动重力资料为基础,系统分析华北中部地区的重力测量资料,研究重力场的时空动态演化特征。资料显示华北中部地区重力异常变化十分剧烈,整个测区呈现大面积负值变化,在局部地区形成重力变化梯度带。重力场变化与断裂活动密切相关,近期出现的反向变化表明该地区地震危险性进一步加大,这对地震预报工作具有重要的现实意义。     

河西地区重力变化与2013年门源MS5.1地震研究

基于2010年5月—2013年10月的6期在河西地区流动重力测量资料获得的重力场时空变化结果,分析该区近期重力场变化及与2013年门源MS5.1地震的关系。结果表明：河西地区重力场变化空间分布显示在活动断裂附近重力变化较大,沿祁连山北缘断裂、昌马—门源断裂及庄浪河断裂形成与断裂带走向基本一致的重力变化高梯度带,反映了断裂构造活动引起的重力局部异常变化特征。2013年门源MS5.1地震发生在重力变化的高梯度带附近。     

泾阳4.8级地震前后重力变化探析

系统分析了泾阳Ms4．8地震前后陕西关中地区流动重力观测资料，探讨了重力场的时空变化及其映震特征。结果表明：①震前在震中区附近形成较显著地重力负异常区，且与沉降区基本吻合。②泾阳地震震中区既是重力变化梯度带，也是重力异常的正值区到负值区的过度带。③由于震源区应力作用方式是以水平为主的左旋走滑运动，震前局部重力异常不显著。     

关中地区重力场及其时空动态演化特征

系统分析了关中地区1992～2004年流动重力测量资料，研究了重力场的时空动态演化特征。10多年来的重力场动态变化图象表明：重力场变化与活动断裂构造密切相关，重力场有规律的变化与区域应力-应变场微动态活动有关。区域重力场总的趋势变化为：关中南部秦岭山区重力负值变化，测区中部渭河断陷盆地至韩城一带重力正值变化，测区北部铜川-黄龙一带的渭北黄土塬重力负值变化。西安城区重力变化主要是过量开采地下水、含水系统压密所致。     

伽师及其邻近地区重力场动态演化特征初步分析

通过对伽师及邻近地区2005~2007年5期流动重力测量资料的系统分析,研究了该区域重力场的时空动态演化特征。结果表明,重力变化与构造环境变化有关,地震孕育发生阶段,重力场将有明显的异常变化。地震多发于重力变化正负值交替的零线附近,正负重力异常变化梯度带的附近是物质增减差异剧烈的地区,能量易于积累,从而产生地震。与GPS观测结果相互印证,表明受大的构造背景影响,测区内重力异常的正负值分布反映了区域间的应力挤压作用。     

南天山—帕米尔地区近期重力场动态变化特征

利用2014—2016年南天山—帕米尔地区5期流动重力观测资料,分析该地区半年和一年尺度重力变化特征,探讨了地震孕育发生与重力场变化特征的关系。结果表明:南天山—帕米尔地区半年和一年尺度重力变化量分别为(10~20)×10~(-8)m·s~(-2)和(20~30)×10~(-8)m·s~(-2),重力场变化有明显的分区特征,塔里木盆地较多表现出重力正值变化,南天山和帕米尔地区正负值变化交替出现。重力场变化能较好地反映该地区地震孕育和发生过程,地震发生前,在震中附近地区的重力变化值出现上升的趋势。在孕震区及附近地区出现重力变化高梯度带,并伴随有重力变化零线,且地震多发生在重力变化正值集中区的零线附近。     

广西北流—广东化州5.2级地震前粤桂琼地区重力变化特征

收集了粤桂琼地区4个台站的连续重力观测资料和雷琼地区的流动重力观测资料,研究了广西北流—广东化州5.2级地震前粤桂琼地区重力变化特征。其中连续重力观测资料的分析从重力扰动和重力M2波潮汐因子变化两个方面进行;流动重力观测资料的分析从重力场差分动态和累积动态变化两个方面进行。连续重力观测资料的研究表明震前粤桂琼地区连续重力观测资料无异常现象;雷琼地区流动重力观测资料的研究结果表明,广西北流—广东化州5.2级地震前,震中附近地区存在重力场变化异常,异常持续时间约2年,异常范围约100 km,异常量级约50x10~(-8)m·s~(-2),地震发生于重力场变化的高梯度带上。     

华北地区重力场变化特征与孕震模型研究

本文采用基于贝叶斯原理的重力平差方法对华北地区2009—2017年的16期陆地流动重力观测资料进行了统一处理,结合研究区内2009年以来4次M≥4.5 地震活动,分析区域重力场动态演化特征。基于华北地区均衡重力异常、布格重力异常、沉积层重力异常和莫霍面重力异常,研究华北地区三维密度结构特征,分析区域重力场变化与深部密度结构之间的关系。结果表明:研究区内近年来M≥4.5地震均位于区域差分重力场和累积重力场“零值”等值线附近、异常变化剧烈的梯度带及梯度带转弯部位,以及深部结构中理论均衡厚度与实际地壳厚度存在差异的非均衡区和三维密度结构的高低密度过渡带内。      

文安5．1级地震前的重力场变化

绘制了重力测值的时序变化曲线和空间等值线,从动态的角度分析了2006年7月文安5．1级地震前的流动重力异常的演化及特征。结果显示,地震的孕育过程与重力场变化有关,震中位于重力变化高梯度区的“0”等值线附近。     

基于GRACE卫星和地表流动重力的汶川MS 8.0地震前重力时空变化

利用GRACE卫星重力场模型和地表流动重力观测资料,计算2008年汶川M_S 8.0地震发生前6年的重力变化,对卫星和流动重力段差结果与卫星重力反映的重力场动态变化特征进行研究,结果表明：①GRACE卫星重力段差受滤波半径影响显著,与地表流动重力观测结果相比,在重力变化数值上差异较大,在变化率上较为一致;②在汶川地震孕育阶段,川滇地区重力等值线呈“增大—减速增大—减小”的特征,震前2年形成近似垂直于龙门山断裂带的重力变化梯度带。     

北天山中段近期重力场变化特征研究

利用北天山中段最新的流动重力观测数据,通过整理计算平差,绘制该地区半年和一年尺度的重力场变化图像;选取横跨北天山中段乌鲁木齐、独山子两条测线,并分别绘制其重力剖面变化图;结合北天山中段地区动力构造环境,剖析该地区重力变化特征及其与地震孕育之间的关系。分析表明:北天山中段地区重力异常变化值不大,重力变化等值线图和剖面变化图均能较好地反映重力场随时空变化特征;北天山中段动态重力变化特征基本反映了该地区动力构造运动的外部环境;研究区域内的重力场空间格局分布特征较清晰,其重力变化具有明显的分区特征,山体和盆地之间的重力变化具有显著差异,山体与盆地边缘正负重力变化交替出现,且变化相对较平稳。     

新疆南天山地区重力场动态演化特征

通过分析南天山地区2005-2008年近8期流动重力测量资料,研究了重力场的时空动态演化特征,提取与地震活动有关的信息,并对重力场变化与构造活动及地震活动的关系进行了探讨.结果表明:重力场变化与构造环境变化有关;地震孕育发生阶段重力场出现一定范围的区域性重力异常;地震往往多发于重力场变化正负值交替的零线附近.     

两次乌恰Ms5.1地震前后南天山重力场动态变化特征

利用南天山流动重力网2009～2011年的测量资料,研究了乌恰两次Ms5.1地震前后重力场的时空动态演化特征.研究表明,在两次乌恰Ms5.1地震前后,重力场变化表现出“活跃—平静—活跃”特征,两次地震发生在重力场异常上升和下降变化过程中,且震中位置处于重力变化高梯度带且靠近“0”等值线附近.     

STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAVITY VARIATION BEFORE AND AFTER HUTUBI MS6.2 EARTHQUAKE

The Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake of December 8, 2016 is a pure thrust event in the northern Tianshan thrust fold belt. The earthquake occurred between the Qigu Fault and the Junggar southern margin fault, which are both thrust faults. Based on mobile gravity measurements from 2013 to 2018 in the northern Tianshan, the gravity net adjustment was accomplished using Urumqi absolute gravity observation point as the datum, and the absolute gravity value of surface observation points were obtained. In order to eliminate the seasonal effect on gravity variation, the paper uses the observation data in May per annual as studying objects and obtains the temporal-spatial dynamic evolution images of gravity field differences in the northern Tianshan at different time scales as well as the time series of gravity variation of some points in the adjacent area of the epicenter. The characteristics of regional gravity variation before and after the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake on December 8, 2016 and their relations are analyzed systematically. The results show that: 1)The gravity variations in the study area are dramatic in generally, and the contours of gravity variation are consistent with the main faults basically. There was a four-quadrant distribution near the epicenter before the earthquake, and the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake occurred near the center of the four-quadrant distribution and at the turn of the gravity variation contour. The three years' cumulative gravity variation before the earthquake and the gravity variation after the earthquake are inversed, and the variation amplitudes are equivalent, suggesting that the M_S6.2 earthquake has released the stress and the energy accumulated before the earthquake. 2)This paper focuses on the analysis of gravity variation at the observation points on both sides of the Junggar southern margin fault near the epicenter. Regional gravity variation and gravity time series show that gravity variations at the same side of the Junggar southern margin fault are basically consistent, however, gravity variations at the different sides of the Junggar southern margin fault are different from each other obviously, indicating the difference of material migration laws in different structural regions. In addition, the strain energy accumulated in the epicenter is basically released after the earthquake, and the area nearby the epicenter tends to be stable. 3)The Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake occurred near the center of the four-quadrant and at the turn of the high-gradient zone of gravity variation, reflecting the location of strong earthquake is related to the distribution of four-quadrant of regional gravity variation, the high-gradient zone of regional gravity variation and its turn. It has a unique advantage in determining the location of strong earthquake using gravity variation results. The regional spatial-temporal gravity variation before the earthquake is manifested as a systematic evolution process of “steady state→regional gravity anomaly→four-quadrant distribution→earthquake occurring in the reverse process”. Studying the temporal-spatial evolution characteristics of gravity field before and after Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake has important practical significance for understanding the occurrence law of large earthquakes and capturing the precursory information of earthquakes.     

西南天山地区长时间尺度重力场变化特征

利用西南天山地区2007至2016年共20期流动重力观测资料,分析该地区一年、两年尺度和累积重力变化特征,探讨区域构造活动、地震孕育发生与重力场变化特征的关系。结果表明:西南天山地区迈丹断裂带、柯坪塔格断裂带等大型断裂带影响该区域的重力场分布,使该地区较多出现NEE向的重力梯度分布特征。塔里木盆地和西南天山重力变化有明显的差异性,2个不同的构造块体在重力分布上呈现相对反向变化,塔里木盆地和西南天山地区的重力变化界线不在塔里木盆地边缘的山前地带,而较多出现在柯坪推覆体中北缘地带。西南天山地区的地震大部分发生在重力正值变化区域的零线附近,震中及附近地区重力异常分布与构造特征有较好的一致性。在活动断裂带附近同时出现重力变化零线以及与断裂走向一致的重力变化高梯度带,可作为中短期前兆异常。     

华北地区重力场变化特征研究

通过对1992~2008年间各期观测资料进行全时空扫描,分析华北地区网区重力场的演化特征,总结震前异常的形态、持续时间和变化幅度,指出重力场空间变化易于发生地震的部位,并对一些问题进行讨论。结果显示:华北地区重力场总体变化不具明确规律性;大量测点存在明显的背景性趋势性异常变化;重力场变化与网区及周边地区中强地震的活动联系密切,较明显的重力场异常反应多发生在震前2年左右时间,且常伴有大面积高值异常区出现。重力变化"0"线、高梯度带、异常中心(含极值)附近是重力场空间变化易于发震的部位。     

Gravity variation before Kunlun mountain pass western M_s=8.1 earthquake

AbstractThe relation between the gravity variation features and M_S=8.1 earthquake in Qinghai-Xizang monitoring area isanalyzed preliminarily,by using spatial dynamic variation results of regional gravity field from absolute gravityand relative gravity observation in 1998 and 2000.The results show that:1)M_S=8.1 earthquake in Kulun mountainpass western occurred in the gravity variation high gradient near gravity's high negative variation; 2)The maintectonic deformation and energy accumulation before M_S=8.1 earthquake are distributed at south side of theepicenter;3)The range of gravity’s high negative variation at east of the M_s=8.1 earthquake epicenter relativelycoincides with that rupture region according to field geology investigation; 4)Gravity variation distribution in highnegative value region is just consistent with the second shear strain’s high value region of strain field obtainedfrom GPS observation.     

胶东测区重力场时空动态演化特征

系统分析了胶东测区1996—2009年期间流动重力测量资料,着重探讨了1996年以来相邻期的重力点值的空间变化规律,重力场有规律的变化表现为：胶东测区自观测以来有着活跃-平静-活跃-逐渐稳定的变化过程。另外,分析了胶东测区内断裂带附近的部分测点的点值和段差值变化特征,认为重力场变化与活动断裂构造密切相关,从而进一步加深了对胶东测区重力场时、空、强动态演化特征的初步认识,这为今后对山东地区重力场深入分析和研究打下了坚实的基础。     

CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTI-SCALE GRAVITY FIELD VARIATION AND SEISMOGENIC MECHANISM ANALYSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU

As the most basic geophysical field, the earth gravity field has achieved wide attention, and its spatial anomaly characteristics and dynamic variation can provide important scientific basis for studying the internal structure and dynamics of the Earth. Based on the mobile gravity observation data of the southeastern Tibetan plateau from 2013 to 2016, the dynamic variation tendency and anomaly characteristics of the regional gravity field in different temporal resolutions are obtained before and after the Ludian and Jinggu earthquakes in the study area respectively. The method of wavelet multi-scale decomposition is used to analyze the relationships of gravity field variation with the earth movement, material density change, and strong earthquake preparation. The deep material variation, dynamic process and the mechanism of earthquake inoculation in the southeastern Tibetan plateau are further discussed. Results indicate that the gravity field variation in the source region before the Ludian and Jinggu earthquake respectively is characterized by obvious positive and negative anomalous transition zone and gradient zone that are consistent with the direction of fault tectonics, suggesting the strong crustal movement and mass migration during the earthquake incubation period. The result of wavelet multi-scale decomposition of the gravity field during the period from September 2013 to April 2014 shows that the gravity field variation at different depth and space scale in the crust and upper mantle of the southeastern Tibetan plateau is significantly correlated with seismic distribution and the location of active fault zone. This indicates that the earthquake inoculation in the study area is closely related to the fault movement and the distribution of material density in the crust and upper mantle, which may be affected by the complex deep dynamic process of the material migration in the crust and mantle. The characteristic that strong earthquakes always occur near positive and negative anomaly transition zones and gradient zones of gravity field change is preliminarily explained, based on the dynamic process of material migration in the crust and upper mantle of the southeastern Tibetan plateau. The research results of this paper have some reference value to the study on the earth movement and seismogenic mechanism.