发挥GIS专业特色培养学生的综合能力

本文分析了目前我国GIS专业本科学生培养的现状及存在的一些问题,结合南京师范大学地理信息系统专业在本科生综合素质培养方面所作的尝试和探索,探讨如何充分发挥GIS专业特色,依托教学、强调课外实践技能培养,培养具有GIS专业基础理论、方法与应用技术的高素质综合型人才的思路与方法。     

面向未来课堂的网络GIS本科课程改革研究

随着网络GIS课程知识结构的不断发展,社会人才需求呈现出多样性,传统的网络GIS本科课程难以应对培养目标的动态性和学习者之间的差异性,使得网络GIS专业本科教学面临巨大的挑战。分析网络GIS课程改革的新需求,综合考虑网络GIS课程和学习者的特点,借鉴"未来课堂"教学理念,提出顾及学习者学习新特点的网络GIS"未来课堂"教学设计。促使网络GIS"未来课堂"能够顾及全体学习者的性格特征和兴趣,充分调动学习者的积极性,最终实现教与学有机统一的网络GIS"未来课堂"。     

GIS专业的测绘科学技术需求与教学

通过比较测绘科学技术相关学科与地理信息系统学科与技术的研究内容、任务、特点，提出了GIS专业的测绘科学技术需求，并以GIS专业本科的“测量学”和“数字摄影测量学”的教学为例，就教学的相关问题进行了阐述。     

开源技术在高校WebGIS课程教学中的应用探讨

WebGIS课程是GIS专业课程建设的重要分支,其教学实践对GIS本科人才培养与就业具有重要作用.首先分析了WebGIS课程的特点,指出开源GIS技术能有效促进高校学生科研能力和创新思维的培养;然后对现有的开源GIS软件与技术进行了总结,并以山东建筑大学地理信息科学专业的《网络GIS设计与实现》教学课程与课程设计为例,...     

遥感前沿科研反哺本科课程教学改革模式探讨

通过国内外现状调查分析,总结遥感科学与技术本科教学的需求,提出遥感科学与技术专业本科课程内容改革,包括遥感前沿科研反哺本科课程教学内容改革的思路以及教学模式改革的实施关键.通过十多年在遥感领域教学的具体实践,总结教学内容与教学模式的改革经验.     

GIS本科教育:开放、开源与开发

随着地理信息知识结构的不断发展，社会人才需求呈现多样性，传统的本科教学方式不足以应对高水平的科研和工作要求，更科学高效的本科培养方案亟待提出。为响应以“成人”统领“成才”的教学指导方针，将GIS的基础理念、专业知识和方法技术贯彻到本科生的教学之中，本文提出GIS本科教育3个创新思想——开放、开源与开发，创建了一套“多学科、多方法、多技巧”的立体式培养方案，结合地理信息科学的专业特点在现有教学方式的基础上进行了突破性的设想和改革，将GIS的本科教学变成一种知识领域更加全面、方法技术更加前沿、实践方式更加多样的专业人才培养模式。该教学理念有利于本科学生充分认识所学知识，在理论基础的支持上能更快速地提升空间思维素养和增强实践开发能力，是GIS本科教育方法上的有益探索。     

网络GIS课程全栈式层次教学体系思考与构建

国际工程教育认证中全员达标要求以及行业对网络GIS的强技术需求，给网络GIS课程教学体系带来了机遇和挑战。针对现有网络GIS课程教学体系仍以传统灌输模式为主的问题，本文分析了网络GIS课程特点和教学现状，提出了全员全栈式教学体系，设计了面向不同类型教学对象的多层次教学内容和教学方法，可以满足工程教育认证的全员达标要求；提出了以知识点为单元的细粒度技术教学设计，通过技术点的组合可以实现全栈式技术人才培养；最后，本文结合项目案例给出了技术教学设计与实施的示范。本文提出的教学体系为培养面向工程认证和行业需求的网络GIS技术人才提供了教学参考。     

GIS专业本科课程改革的几点思考

随着地理信息在国民经济、国防建设和人们日常生活中的应用越来越广泛,高校所培养的学生远远不能满足社会需求。由于各培养单位的教学水平、力量和能力不同,培养出的人才水平良莠不齐,很多单位培养的GIS人才不尽人意。本文根据GIS教育的特点,就GIS专业本科教育的课程体系、教学内容、技能培养提出了几点意见,供大家批评与深入讨论。     

顾及学校特色与学生能力的GIS专业人才培养模式——以北京建筑大学GIS专业为例

随着地理信息科学（GIS）专业技术的飞速发展,该技术已经应用到社会各个方面,使人们的生产、生活发生了巨大变化,我国不少行业和研究领域开始应用GIS来解决科研、生产,以及经济与社会发展中的实际问题。面对当前社会多层次应用的需求,迫切需要一大批既掌握GIS技术,又懂管理,且能够将GIS技术深化应用的复合型人才。然而相对社会需求的新特点,我国高校GIS专业培养的毕业生面临诸多限制和不足,很难满足社会的需求。这就需要高校改革现有的GIS专业培养模式,从社会多层次需求出发,结合当前社会发展的客观实际,建立突出学校特色与学生能力的GIS专业人才培养模式。     

面向应用型人才培养的GIS专业实践教学体系构建

实践教学是地理信息系统(GIS)专业人才培养的关键。以应用型人才培养为目标,结合当前社会需求和实践教学中存在的问题,规划构建GIS专业实践教学体系,对提升新建院校本科层次人才培养质量具有一定的参考。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。