吉林省大横路铜、钴矿床地质特征及控矿因素

大横路地区出露地层主要为元古界老岭群大栗子组和珍珠门组的低绿片岩相-高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相的变质岩系,北部有少量英云闪长岩-奥长花岗岩和表壳岩残块.侵入岩主要以燕山期基性-中基性为主.铜钴矿床产于含碳绢云千枚岩中,矿体长360～1400 m,宽95～800 m,厚3～108.7 m,呈层状、似层状、分枝状,矿石以浸染状为主,次为脉状、网脉状.矿床属多期多成因类型,主要受大栗子组地层、北东向断裂构造和变质作用控制,并有岩浆热液的叠加.     

吉林省大横路铜、钴矿床地质特征及控矿因素

大横路地区出露地层主要为元古界老岭群大栗子组和珍珠门组的低绿片岩相 -高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相的变质岩系 ,北部有少量英云闪长岩 -奥长花岗岩和表壳岩残块。侵入岩主要以燕山期基性 -中基性为主。铜钴矿床产于含碳绢云千枚岩中 ,矿体长 36 0～ 140 0m ,宽 95～ 80 0m ,厚 3～ 10 8.7m ,呈层状、似层状、分枝状 ,矿石以浸染状为主 ,次为脉状、网脉状。矿床属多期多成因类型 ,主要受大栗子组地层、北东向断裂构造和变质作用控制 ,并有岩浆热液的叠加。     

吉林省大横路铜、钴矿床地质特征及控矿因素

大横路地区出露地层主要为元古界老岭群大栗子组和珍珠门组的低绿片岩相－高绿片岩相到低角闪岩相的变质岩系，北部有少量英云闪长岩－奥长花岗岩和表壳岩残块。侵入岩主要以燕山期基性－中基性为主。铜钴矿床产于含碳绢云千枚岩中，矿体长360－1400m，宽95－800m，厚3－108.7m，呈层状、似层状、分枝状，矿石以浸染状为主，次为脉状、网脉状。矿床属多期多成因类型，主要受大栗子组地层、北东向断裂构造和变质作用控制，并有岩浆热液的叠加。     

锡铁山铅锌矿床网脉状蚀变管道相的识别与研究

锡铁山大型铅锌矿床属喷流沉积型,赋存于柴达木盆地北缘早古生代裂陷形成的滩涧山群火山-沉积岩中.矿床中产有非层状和层状两类矿体,其中非层状铅锌矿体呈不规则状产于大理岩中,是锡铁山矿床的主要矿体类型,层状铅锌矿体产于大理岩边部,规模较小.在矿床深部大理岩层上盘滩涧山群b岩组的绿泥石英片岩中,深部整合发育有强烈的钠长石化与硅化,主要呈角砾状和网脉状结构,构成网脉状蚀变带,主要成分包括石英钠长岩、蚀变的绿泥石英片岩以及硅化石英岩等,其连续长大于2 km,宽大于200 m,呈不规则岩筒状.石英钠长岩交代结构普遍,与绿泥石英片岩呈渐变接触关系,广泛发育热水爆破角砾.地质地球化学研究表明,网脉状蚀变岩并非侵入岩或火山岩,而是形成于热水交代作用,代表了喷流沉积系统的管道相,相当于矿体下部供给带.结合容矿大理岩及矿体研究发现,锡铁山矿床发育规模巨大的喷流沉积系统,包括长＞2 km的管道相、大规模的喷流沉积岩-大理岩,以及近喷口相未喷出海底地表的非层状矿体.现已发现的层状矿体与非层状矿体比例的倒置显示出锡铁山矿床仍然存在巨大的铅锌矿找矿潜力.网脉状蚀变带分布于矿体及大理岩的上盘,也表明锡铁山矿区容矿的滩涧山群a和b岩组产状整体发生了倒转,网脉状蚀变岩最初分布于铅锌矿体及大理岩之下.由于网脉状蚀变岩(石英钠长岩)与成矿系统的密切关系,它可作为柴达木盆地北缘滩涧山群中寻找铅锌矿的重要找矿标志.     

河南破山银矿床地质地球化学特征及成因研究

破山特大型银矿床位于桐柏围山城金银多金属矿带的西端。矿床赋存在新元卉界歪头山组上部的炭质绢云石英片岩中,矿体产出受地层和褶皱构造双重控制,多呈似层状、脉状和透镜状,矿石以蚀变岩型矿石为主。成矿流体属于中温、低盐度、低密度、富CO2的K^＋-SO4^2-型流体,成矿早中阶段以变质流体为主,晚阶段逐渐演化为以大气水为主。成矿物质主要来自于歪头山组地层。热液绢云母和云煌岩脉的钾氩年龄分别为103．6Ma和134Ma,指示矿床形成于早白垩世,即秦岭一桐柏地区的构造环境从挤压向伸展转变的构造背景下。     

新疆玉泉山石墨矿床地质特征及成因探讨

新疆玉泉山石墨矿床赋存于塔里木古陆库鲁克塔格地块中下元古界兴地塔格群辛格尔组云母石英片岩中,经历了沉积-聚炭和区域变质-结晶2个主要成矿期.区域变质-结晶成矿期又分为与低角闪岩相、高绿片岩相和低绿片岩相对应的3个成矿阶段.地层岩石条件、区域变质条件、构造条件是最重要的控矿因素,矿床成因属区域变质型晶质石墨矿床.     

阿尔泰红岭—恰夏一带石英脉流体包裹体研究

<正>红岭—恰夏位于新疆阿尔泰南缘泥盆纪克兰火山-沉积盆地内,构造上处于萨热阔布复式向斜西北段,产出Fe、Cu、Au等小型矿床、矿点。克兰盆地内出露的地层主要为下泥盆统康布铁堡组(D1k)和中泥盆统阿勒泰组。康布铁堡组主要岩石有黑云母石英片岩、大理岩、变质流纹岩、变质晶屑凝灰岩,是区域上海相火山沉积矿床主要的赋矿层位。康布铁堡组变质基性火山岩及其铁矿层中产出顺层的脉状、透镜状石英脉,也产出穿层的含铜硫化物石英脉,本文对这两种类型石英脉进行了流体包裹体研究,以期查明该地     

锡铁山铅锌矿床的找矿潜力与找矿方向

锡铁山大型铅锌矿床发育有完整的海相喷流沉积系统,包括喷流管道相、近喷口相和沉积相.其中,网脉状蚀变角砾岩带长＞2km、宽＞200m,代表喷流管通相;容矿大理岩长＞3km,宽＞1km,最大厚度＞200m,分布于网脉状蚀变岩的外侧,为喷流沉积岩;穿插于厚层块状大理岩中的非层状铅锌矿体是未喷出海底的含矿热液充填、交代的产物,条带状结构的层状铅锌矿体属喷流沉积相.锡铁山矿床喷流管道系统规模巨大,其大规模的物质供给系统为国内外现已发现的SEDEX铅锌矿床中罕见.现已揭露的锡铁山矿床主体属于喷流沉积系统的中心和近喷口相部分,锡铁山地区还存在巨大规模的层状铅锌矿体(床)尚待发现,同时,在矿床东南方向深部的侧伏延深部位,还具有一定规模的赋存于厚层大理岩中的非层状铅锌矿体.这些大规模层状铅锌矿体的找矿标志层可能不再是大理岩,主要围岩可能是富含炭质、钙质的沉积岩,如深灰-灰黑色的含炭方解石片岩、炭质片岩、方解石绢云片岩等.锡铁山东南部地区的滩涧山群相应赋存层位是大规模层状铅锌矿的主攻找矿方向.     

河南高粱店乡铁铜矿地质地球化学特征及成因探讨

河南信阳高梁店乡铁铜矿矿区位于华北地台南缘陆壳增生带——东秦岭加里东构造岩浆带的东端,主体由二郎坪群火山、沉积、构造杂岩带构成.矿体主要呈透镜状产出于二郎坪群大栗树组第二岩性段斜长角闪(片)岩中,具有明显的层控特征,铁矿石中常见似层状黄铜矿,似层状矽卡岩化和硅化为近矿围岩的主要蚀变类型.根据矿床地质-地球化学特征,结合矿石的矿物共生组合、硫同位素组成及流体包裹体成分及特征,认为该矿床的形成与古生代二郎坪群的海相火山喷发沉积密切相关,早期的海底火山喷发形成了大量的玄武岩质熔岩(富含铁、铜),在火山喷发旋回的间歇期,形成了喷流沉积型的铁矿层和碳酸盐岩层;晚期受加里东末期-海西早期区域变质作用的影响,造成矿区基性火山岩变质形成层状矽卡岩,同时叠加了热液成因的浸染状、脉状铜铁矿化.故该矿床属于火山-沉积变质改造型含铜磁铁矿床.     

浅谈老岭群花山组变形与变质作用

吉林省南部中元古界老岭群自下而上划分为达台山组、珍珠门组、花山组、临江组、大栗子组五个地层单元。以往的研究发现,达台山组、珍珠门组、临江组、大栗子组的变质作用强度均属高绿片岩相,唯花山组由于有较多(含)十字石二云片岩的存在,其变质作用强度可达低角闪岩相。这种变质差异性,长期未能得到很好的解释,并由此     

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.     

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。     

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。     

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.     

岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率

在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。     

Regional distribution of Al,B, Ba,Ca, K,La, Mg,Mn, Na,P, Rb,Si, Sr,Th, U and Y in terrestrial moss within a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region: influence of geology,seaspray and human activity

Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km² area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population).     

NEW SET OF LOW CONCENTRATION STANDARDS FOR LA, CE, SM, YB, LU, Y, SC, V, NB AND TA IN SILICATES

We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses.