高岭石热转变产物^29Si、^27Al魔角旋转核磁共振研究

运用魔角旋转核磁共振结合红外光谱及X射线衍射等手段，研究了苏州高岭石的560－1600℃热转变产物，主要获得以下结论：（1）高岭石－偏高岭石－莫来石的转变系列的确存在结构上的连续性。其转变经历了几个阶段；脱羟阶段（400－600℃），偏高岭石阶段（600－800℃），相分离阶段（800－1100℃），莫来石阶段（1100－1600℃）。（2）莫来石形成过程没有出现Al2O3的大量分凝，但存在SiO2的分凝。（3）偏高岭石－莫来石转变过程的中间相为Al-Si尖晶石和准莫来石。（4）引起1000℃放热反应的主要因素是准莫来石的形成。     

碳氟磷灰石的位置群分析

本文借助于磷灰石的晶体结构资料,用位置群分析的方法,讨论了碳氟磷灰石的晶体结构与它的红外光谱间的关系,并从位置群的角度分析了CO_3~(2-)的存在形式及可能的位置对称。     

蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱研究

本文报道了蛇纹石族矿物及其热转变产物的红外光谱。在室温下斜纤蛇纹石,正纤蛇纹石,叶蛇纹石和利蛇纹石都具有各自的特征光谱。在结构资料基础上,我们解释了它们之间的光谱差异。无疑,红外光谱是区分各种蛇纹石矿物的有效手段。 样品加热到600—700℃时,3680cm~(-1)羟基带消失,这表明在该温度下蛇纹石矿物完全脱羟。与此同时,光谱中出现橄榄石870cm~(-1)的最强带和一个宽带1000cm~(-1),这说明蛇纹石已部分地转变为晶质橄榄石和形成一个无定形的中间相。800℃时,1060cm~(-1)新带的出现标志着顽火辉石的生成。在所有加热样品的光谱中都没有发现SiO_2吸收带,故可认为,在蛇纹石的热转变过程中没有出现SiO_2相。     

石膏质岩水化特性及矿物含量确定方法研究

硬石膏和石膏的膨胀性和腐蚀性是石膏质岩隧道工程主要致害因素,查明矿物成分、水化特性、硬石膏和石膏含量是评价石膏质岩工程危害的基础,但目前尚缺乏快速简便的石膏质含量确定方法。通过测定硬石膏岩水化过程中的波速及水化深度,分析了石膏质岩的水化特性;通过对硬石膏、石膏、方解石、白云石不同配比混合物的热重分析,提出了快速测定石膏...     

溶胶—凝胶法制备纳米荧光粉Y4A2O9：Eu^3＋的初步研究

用溶胶－凝胶法（sol-gel)制备了纳米荧光粉Y4Al2O9:Eu^3 ，用X射线粉晶对其进行了物相鉴定，表明在900℃已经得到纯相的Y4Al2O9产物，并用透射电镜对其进行形貌和衍射分析，分析结果证明得到的产物为纳米粉末态晶体，产物Y4Al2O9：Eu^3 粒径均匀，大致在20－50nm之间,平均粒径为30nm。并用荧光光度计对其荧光光谱进行了研究，光谱表明Eu^3 在 Y4Al2O9晶格中占据两种不同的位置。用λ=254nm的紫外光激发了Y4Al2O9：Eu^3 时，产生两条发光谱带，即由于^5D0→^7F1的过产生在峰值λ＝590nm处的橙色发光带，和^5D0→^7F2跃迁在峰值λ＝610nm处的红色光带。     

滇中昆阳群地层岩石极低级变质作用特征及构造环境意义

昆阳群地层岩石极低级变质作用的主要特点：碎屑状绿泥石－白云母（绢云母）堆垛集合体发育，且多平行层理定向排列；个别堆垛集合体见有明显的弯曲可膝折现象，表明经受平行层理的压缩作用。根据堆垛集合体，层理及早世代水力破裂－充填石英微细脉体间关系，认为极低级变质作用是区域变形构造－热事件之前的产物：变质温度在155－350℃之间，变质级，地层时代及岩层在地层柱中的位置渐趋一致，与区域变形强度缺乏谐调关系。上述特点所反映的构造环境属于地壳伸展背景下裂谷环境内的埋藏型变质作用。     

硼酸盐矿物的振动光谱研究：Ⅲ.理论分析

本文利用位置群分析和因子群分析得到硼酸盐矿物的振动模式，并利用正则坐标分析从实测振动频率计算了矿物的力常数，得出：（１）利用位置群分析与因子群分析，可以得到矿物振动光谱所应具有的谱带数目，但理论结果与实测谱图并不完全一致，一般情况下，位置群分析就能得到与实测谱图相近的谱带数目。（２）对于比较简单的配阴离子团，可以利用正则示分析由实测的振动光谱频率计算力常数，从而得到有关化学键的信息，或者由已知的力     

在线PYGC分析技术在气源岩评价中的应用

为了研究高演化地区气源的生成特征与生气潜力，分别采用热解温度为560℃不加内标、CDS2000热解系统，700℃加内标（聚苯乙烯）、由实验室自制热解系统的在线热解气相色谱分析技术，对不同气源岩（代表性的煤、固体沥青及四川地区以下古生界碎屑岩为主的全岩）进行5s的快速热解分析。在对实验系统加内标定量的可行性进行了认真研究后，提出了产烃定量公式。560℃的热解谱图可清楚地将烃源岩分为生油、生气和生凝析油三种类型，并可根据谱图计算出油气比（GOGI）。根据700℃加内标的热解测试结果，计算了气源岩的热解烃总量和C1－5－C5－C15组分的相对含量。热解烃总量随热演变程度增高而递减，其中以碎屑岩的热解烃量减低最快。相同样品的热解烃量与TOC和Rock-Eval测定结果具有很好的可比性。对比不同演化阶段热解产物的相对组成，显示低演化阶段的烃源岩热解产物以C1－5组分为主。由此表明，在高演化阶段，好的油源岩就是好的气源岩。较高演化阶段（测试前R^0为2．5％－4．2％）烃源岩的热解烃中C5－15含量呈增加趋势，这一结果与前人资料吻合，它除了表明C5-15 分的含量可能与烃存在的载体，如无机矿物或固体有机质对早期轻烃的包裹与吸附有关外，可能还揭示了有机质在石墨化过程中高演化阶段有着与低演化阶段不同的特性。固体沥青广泛分布在四川地区下古生界地层中，PY－GC测试结果也表明，固体沥青比相同演化阶段的碎屑岩热解产物多数倍到一个数量级，因此，在高演化地区固体沥青是不可忽视的气源岩。     

袁复礼石的振动光谱分析

袁复礼石是一种新的硼酸盐矿物，晶体化学式为ＭｇＦｅ＾３＋［ＢＯ３］Ｏ。在晶体结构的基础上，对该矿物进行了因子群和位置群分析。袁复礼石红外光谱的多重性是位置群和因子群分裂的结果。     

四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组高含硫气藏H2S成因研究

四川盆地东北部宣汉－开县地区的下三叠统飞仙关组气藏埋深3000－4500m,地温在100℃左右,天然气中H2S含量为12％－17％。这些H2S为飞仙关组气藏附近的硬石膏经硫酸盐热化学还原作用（TSR）而成。与TSR有关的硬石膏,H2S,S^0和FeS2的δ^24S分别为＋30.4‰, 12.9‰, 19.1‰和＋19.4‰,交代硬石膏的方解石的δ^13C为－7.26‰,δ^18O为－6.41‰,其内所含两相流体包裹体的均一温度为109－151℃。这些高含硫气藏的天然气和储层沥青的热演化程度比其他地区飞仙关组气藏的更高。该区飞仙关组最大埋藏温度超过180℃,但由于后期构造抬升,大于104℃地温的埋藏时间小于20Ma,故气藏H2S含量低于20％。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)