SNS柔性安全防护系统在酒钢矿山崩塌落石防护中的应用

本文介绍了酒泉钢铁公司镜铁山矿采矿山体的工程地质条件,并分析了该处潜在危岩的稳定性和风险性,在此基础上,论述了ＳＮＳ柔性安全防护系统的基本特性及其在镜铁山矿崩塌落石防护中的具体应用,最后,论述并讨论了现场试验的结果。该结果表明,ＳＮＳ系统在露天开采矿边坡防护中的应用是非常成功的。对于象酒钢镜铁山这类高差大、边坡陡的露采矿山,岩崩非常发育,过去由于地形条件的限制,对这些灾害无法处理或简单地加以防护。     

硖石山边坡SNS主动柔性防护系统综合治理技术

介绍了310国道硖石山边坡采用SNS主动柔性防护系统的1二程实例,提出厂该系统的设计方案及施工工艺。综合治理实践表明,SNS主动柔性防护技术具有可靠、安全和施工简便、速度快、投资小、环保等优点。     

公路岩质边坡地质灾害防治及SNS柔性防护系统的应用

本文在简单评述公路岩质路堑边坡地质灾害防治措施,尤其是预应力锚固的基础上,着重介绍了SNS柔性钢绳网防护系统的基本原理和功能,并结合山东省博山一莱芜高速公路路堑边坡防护实例,显示了SNS柔性防护系统于特定条件下,与其它防护形式相结合,在技术、经济和环保等方面的综合优势。     

黄河拉西瓦水电站坝区天然高边坡特征及其治理

拉西瓦水电站为黄河上游最大水电枢纽工程。两岸边坡谷底至岸顶相对高差为600~700m。正常蓄水位以上边坡高度约450m。坝址两岸2400m高程以上天然高边坡变形破裂体、松动体、危岩体、危石等发育广泛且小型不稳定体随机分布。高边坡稳定性构成本电站重大工程地质问题之一。且因峡谷深切、边坡高陡,对其处理难度很大。论文首先总结了电站坝址两岸天然高边坡地质特征,对高边坡进行了稳定性分区与总体评价。在此基础上提出边坡处理原则与方案设计。最后列举了2个边坡处理典型实例,一为基于现代设计理念和新型材料的SNS柔性边坡防护系统在拉西瓦高边坡不稳定体处理中的广泛应用;另一为坝址大型变形破裂体———Ⅱ#变形体的综合治理。根据高边坡不稳定体各自不同地质特征,采用科学且针对性强的流通量措施能够达到稳定要求的。     

SNS柔性防护网在北京崩塌防治工程中的应用

崩塌是北京山区汛期最常见的一种不良地质现象,北京地区尤其西部和北部山区崩塌的形成主要与长期以来人类工程活动密切相关,通过工程实践与经验积累,柔性防护网技术在国内已经使用的越来越多。这种以钢丝绳为主要构成特征的SNS边坡柔性防护系统,已在铁路、公路、水电站、矿山、市政工程的崩塌落石、浅层坍滑、风化剥落和泥石流等坡面地质灾害防护中得到广泛的推广应用,本文以怀柔老公营崩塌治理工程为例,介绍了SNS柔性防护网在北京市边坡防治工程中的应用。     

复合支护方案在敦化至延吉高速公路某边坡施工中的应用

抗滑桩＋压力分散型预应力锚索＋框架梁的复合支护系统对高危边坡治理，既达到治理的目的同时又能防护病害的进一步发生，且能和坡面柔性防护有机结合在一起，效果可靠美观。结合工程实例，介绍了这种复合支护技术的设计方法与施工技术。     

高陡岩石边坡软体护坡技术设计及施工实践

为了消除济南市燕翅山北侧采矿遗留的高陡岩石边坡的地质灾害隐患,恢复自然植被,通过施工砼基座、施工砼格构梁、砌筑软体生态袋和挂网喷播等多种技术方法进行了综合治理,消除了滑坡和崩塌等地质灾害隐患,整个坡面植被覆盖率超过99%,消除了视觉污染,恢复了当地生态环境,该工程成功的设计及施工实践对类似高陡岩石边坡有很好的指导和借鉴作用。     

论SNS边坡柔性防护工程实践中的几个问题

随着SNS边坡柔性防护新技术在坡面地质灾害防护特别是崩塌落石防护领域的推广及成功应用,与其自身特点相对应的一些疑问在SNS的设计及施工中被广大工程技术人员提出.文章试图对业内人士普遍关心的几个问题作一简要论述.望能为广大工程技术人员在SNS边坡柔性防护技术的实践中提供理论帮助并消除相关疑问.     

边坡工程勘察中崩塌落石运动模式及轨迹分析

崩塌落石作为边坡尤其是高陡边坡的一种浅表部破坏方式,是严重的地质灾害之一.它突发性强,随机性大,速度快,发生猛烈,一直是边坡工程勘察中的重点.由于形成崩塌落石灾害的危岩体多分布于高陡边坡上,从源头完全治理将耗费巨大的人力物力,目前更多的是采取致灾前的落石防护措施.本文在某典型公路沿线岩质边坡崩塌落石灾害工程勘察中运用运...     

高陡边坡堆积体锚固钻孔配套机具研究

岩土工程中的高陡边坡堆积体的锚固工程中经常遇到的由于边坡高陡、钻机架设搬迁困难、底层破碎成孔困难等,有针对性地选用了相应的锚固钻机,并对钻机进行了改进,以使其更加符合高陡边坡堆积体锚索施工的要求;同时研制加工了符合该类地质情况的偏心跟管钻具。以期能够解决高陡边坡堆积体锚固成孔困难、效率低、造价高的难题。     

Acknowledgement for Reviewers for 2021

Mathematical Geosciences -     

Framework for soil suitability evaluation for sewage effluent renovation

Current methods of establishing suitable locations for onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) are inadequate, particularly in light of the numerous cases of onsite system failure and the resulting adverse consequences. The development of a soil suitability framework for assessing soil suitability for OWTS allows a more practical means of assessment. The use of multivariate statistical analysis techniques, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and multi-criteria decision aids of PROMETHEE and GAIA, enabled the identification of suitable soils for effluent renovation. The outcome of the multivariate analysis, together with soil permeability and drainage characteristics permitted the establishment of a framework for assessing soil suitability based on three main soil functions: (1) the ability of the soil to provide suitable effluent renovation, (2) the permeability of the soil, and (3) the soils drainage characteristics. The developed framework was subsequently applied to the research area, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and the use of standard scoring functions were utilised to provide a scoring system to signify which soils were more suitable for effluent renovation processes. From the assessment, it was found that Chromosol and Kurosol soils provided the highest level of effluent renovation, closely followed by Ferrosol and Dermosol, Kandosol and Rudosol soil types. Tennosol and Podosol soil types were found to have a significantly lower suitability, with Hydrosol soils proving the least suitable for renovating effluent from OWTS.     

湘南锡矿找矿方向探讨

湘南地区蕴藏着丰富的锡矿资源,锡及锡多金属矿矿床(点)分布广泛,类型复杂,它们的形成除与花岗质侵入岩体直接相关外,同时还受到区域地层和地质构造等因素的共同制约。通过对锡矿的地质背景、分布特征、矿床特征与矿化规律、矿床成因及找矿信息和标志的研究,把湘南地区锡矿的找矿归纳为:"划带、圈区、寻体、定位"的找矿模式,不仅从宏观上提出了或解决了锡矿找矿方向的问题,而且近几年来的地质找矿工作得到了实践应用,并取得了丰硕的找矿成果。     

A new approach for calculating strain for particulate media

Discrete element modelling is a viable alternative to conventional continuum‐based analysis for analysing problems involving localized deformations of particulate media. However, to aid in the interpretation of the results, it is useful to express the results of discrete element analyses in terms of the continuum parameters of stress and strain. A number of homogenization methods have been proposed to calculate strain in discrete systems; however, two significant limitations of these methods remain. First, none of these methods incorporate particle rotation effects satisfactorily, although significant particle rotation occurs in shear bands in both physical tests and numerical simulations of granular materials. Additionally, observations of the particle displacement fields in shear bands in granular materials indicate that the displacements within the localizations are erratic. Consequently, existing linear, local interpolation approaches produce substantial variations in the strain values calculated in adjacent elements in the region of localization, hindering clear visualization of the strain localization as it evolves. A new method of domain discretization for calculating strain is proposed. This method is capable of capturing particle rotation and employs a non‐local meshfree interpolation procedure capable of smoothing the erratic displacements in strain localizations, which better defines their evolution. The proposed method is validated for problems involving both two and three dimensions. A number of methods are compared with the proposed method and pertinent insights are made. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Concept for a Web-based Information System for Flood Management

Recent emergency flood situations at European rivers have revealed the demand for better and in-time information for citizens in flood prone areas about flood development, as well as better coordination of resources and actions during pre-flood phases and its critical stage. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a large potential to improve the situation. Decisions may be supported by information about resources available at the region and national level, by information about means and access to critical locations at the prevention as well as the evacuation phases, and by including citizens as well as managers into one common information and communication process. The paper outlines the potential of ICT for these aspects.     

我国海洋生态调查指南编制说明

海洋生态调查的主要目的是了解海洋生态系统基本的群落结构和生态功能及其重要影响因素,掌握生态系统健康状况，把握其变化趋势。基于生态系统健康理论建立我国海洋生态调查的基本框架体系，编制了我国海洋生态调查指南。根据目前的技术设备、实用方法和经费限制，确定最能反映我国海洋生态系统特征的生态要素和评价内容，并规定了相应的调查和评价方法。与《海洋调查规范海洋生物调查》和《海洋监测规范》比较，该指南具有3个显著特点：①调查要素不仅包括海洋生物和海洋环境等自然要素，还包括人为活动要素，充分考虑我国近海生态系统的高强度开发利用的特点；②从生态系统的结构、功能和压力3个方面建立起海洋生态系统健康评价的核心框架体系；③提出生态压力的量化指标，定量评估人类活动对生态系统的压力。     

Long-term prediction for seismic hazard for radioactive waste disposal

We consider possible approaches to the long-term prediction for seismic hazard in relation to the practical need for the safety of geological disposal of long-lived radioactive waste. The required period of prediction significantly exceeds the one reflected in the set of maps of General Seismic Zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation (GSZ-97). The first geological repository in Russia is planned to be set up in the Nizhnii Kan granite massif in the Krasnoyarsk Krai. This region is an intraplate territory with a relatively high seismic activity. We summarize the analysis of the known empirical generalizations and theoretical principles underlying the seismic hazard prediction. Real seismic events constantly violate forward-looking statements even for relatively short periods of time. These and other arguments suggest that the hypothesis of stationarity of the seismic regime, which is the basis of long-term prediction today, has limited and uncertain applicability in time. Intraplate earthquake prediction is especially uncertain because of the uncertainty in the factor responsible for generating tectonic stresses in these regions. The short horizon of the prediction, based on statistical methods, can be attributed to the nonlinearity of seismic geodynamic processes. Fundamental laws of tectonic processes should be used as the scientific basis for long-term predictions for seismic hazard at the sites chosen for geological disposal of long-lived radioactive waste. These processes can be reflected in models for the migration of the seismically active boundaries of lithospheric plates and the occurrence of seismic activity in intraplate regions.