国际三叠纪年代地层研究进展

简要概述了近年来国际三叠纪年代地层等方面所取得的一些重要进展:国际地层委员会三叠系分会已于上世纪90年代确定将三叠系划分为3统7阶,但至今仅确定了三叠系底界一个“金钉子”,安尼阶-拉丁阶界线层型有望在近期内被最后确认,而其他5条界线仍在加紧工作中;随着同位素测年技术和手段的不断改进,三叠纪一些重要的年代地层界线的地质年龄也在不断更新;亚阶虽然不是国际三叠系研究的重点,但亚阶的划分也是三叠纪年代地层研究的重要方面,尤其在下、中三叠统研究中已有较好的基础;以脊椎动物为基础的陆相三叠纪年代地层划分方案有待在推广应用中得以完善。全国地层委员会于2 0 0 0年提出了3统6阶的中国海相三叠系划分方案和3统7阶的中国陆相三叠系划分方案,为启动中国三叠纪年代地层学奠定了基础。     

关于中国的海相三叠系建阶及下三叠统分阶界线

国际地层委员会提出将在近年内完成各地质年代中阶间界线层型的选定工作.全国地层委员会也于第3届全国地层委员会上提出了中国各时代地层的建阶方案.因此, 以阶为实体的年代地层学研究已成为当前地层学研究的焦点.介绍了国际三叠系年代地层划分方案及确定过程, 并列述了中国海相三叠系建阶方案.重点讨论了中国海相下三叠统各阶顶、底界线及其确定标准和标志, 提出了中国下三叠统建阶工作研究重点      

我国地层学研究出新成果

经过五年两个阶段的工作，涉及近50个阶和几个具有重要国际意义的建阶界线层型研究取得显著进展。其中，二叠系至三叠系界线、三叠系乐平统底界、石炭系维宪阶底界等成果显著，已被国际地层委员会批准在中国立“金钉子”，作为全球划分地层、确定界线的标准。滹沱系地层建系研究已初步建立起同位素地质年代格架，     

鄂尔多斯盆地中—晚三叠世陆相地层与建阶

中生代以来,陆相沉积是中国地层发育特色。海相地层与陆相地层发育特征不同,难以进行对比。三叠纪是中生代第一个纪,在中国发育有众多陆相湖盆。对这些三叠纪湖相沉积开展研究,有助于建立陆相年代地层序列,完成陆相地层划分,赋予可与海相地层对比的年代。我们选择中国北方鄂尔多斯盆地漆水河剖面和窟野河剖面,开展中—上三叠统陆相地层建阶研究。我们在理顺岩石地层划分系统的基础上,分析了各类生物发生、发展以及繁盛的演变历程,划分出生物带及生物界线,并建立了中三叠统印台阶和金锁关阶以及上三叠统杨家坪阶和焦坪阶。印台阶以介形类Tungchuania quadratiformis和Lutkevichinella ansulca的首现层位为底界;金锁关阶以植物Danaeopsis magnifolia,Danaeopsis cf.marantacea和Tongchuanophyllum shensiense的首现层位为底界;杨家坪阶以植物Asterotheca szeiana和Danaeopsis fecunda的首现层位为底界;焦坪阶以植物组合Danaeopsis fecunda-Asterotheca szeiana-Cladophlebis kaoiana首现层位为底界。     

白垩纪年代地层学研究简述

简述国际白垩纪年代地层和地质年表研究现状,介绍马斯特里赫特阶、土仑阶和赛诺曼阶底界的GSSP及其生物地层学标志,其他阶推荐的GSSP定义标准以及中国陆相白垩系建阶进展。评述白垩系地质年表方案,根据我国辽西地区义县组尖山沟层研究的最新进展,提出考虑以12 5 Ma作为白垩系底界的年龄标准     

新近系研究进展简介

新近系各阶全球层型剖面和点位( GSSP)的选定工作近年来取得了许多实质性的进展,至今上新统3个阶的GSSP已全部获得批准,中新统有3个阶获批准、2个阶有望在2 0 0 4年获得通过、1个阶的指示事件尚未确定,有待进一步的工作。除介绍新近系各个阶最新的GSSP内容外,还就中国陆相新近系建阶工作的进展和研究重点作了简要的回顾与展望,认为上新统麻则沟阶、高庄阶和中新统谢家阶有望在命名剖面定义底界的界线层型和点位,中新统保德阶、通古尔阶和山旺阶的底界有待在甘肃临夏盆地、兰州盆地和秦安地区寻找。中国陆相新近系建阶工作的开展与完成,会给中国地层学研究工作带来积极而又深远的影响。     

中国南方海、陆相白垩系研究进展

自21世纪以来,中国南方海、陆相白垩系研究有显著进展。依据我国南方大地构造环境和白垩系发育特点,将其白垩系划分为5个地层区和8个地层分区;文中在分析全球年代与生物地层研究进展的基础上,对我国南方海、陆相白垩纪年代地层划分、底界界线层型及陆相白垩系上/下统的界线作了扼要介绍,并指出我国西南特提斯区海相侏罗系/白垩系界线研究已接近国际水平。     

中国南方海、陆相侏罗系的划分与对比

对自21世纪以来中国南方海、陆相侏罗系的研究进展进行了总结,依据地层发育的总体特征,将中国南方侏罗系划分为4个地层区和14个地层分区,文中着重介绍了中国南方海、陆相侏罗纪年代地层划分、底界界线层型及各统之间的界线生物标志和与全球年代地层的对比关系。此外,对全球年代与生物地层的研究进展也作了扼要介绍。     

国际第四纪年代地层研究进展北大核心CSCD

第四纪代表了地质历史时期最新的地质年代,持续了2.58个百万年,以两极发育冰盖、多期次的冰期-间冰期旋回和人属的出现为特征。第四纪年代地层学研究在建立高精度地层格架、了解地球气候系统演化规律和预测气候变化趋势等方面具有重要意义。依据现今的定义,第四系包括更新统和全新统,而更新统进一步划分为4个阶。其中,杰拉阶底界、卡拉布里雅阶底界和全新统底界全球层型剖面与点位(GSSP)已确立,而更新统中阶和上阶底界GSSP的研究工作正在进行中,界线标志已确定。近年来,随着同位素测年技术的不断提高和天文旋回理论的普遍应用,第四纪年代地层界线年龄在不断更新,天文轨道旋回控制的万年尺度气候事件可以作为全球对比的标尺。当前国际地层委员会第四系分会的主要任务包括更新统中、上阶底界金钉子的确立、全新统进一步划分和"人类统"概念的提出。     

国际第四纪年代地层研究进展

第四纪代表了地质历史时期最新的地质年代,持续了2.58个百万年,以两极发育冰盖、多期次的冰期-间冰期旋回和人属的出现为特征。第四纪年代地层学研究在建立高精度地层格架、了解地球气候系统演化规律和预测气候变化趋势等方面具有重要意义。依据现今的定义,第四系包括更新统和全新统,而更新统进一步划分为4个阶。其中,杰拉阶底界、卡拉布里雅阶底界和全新统底界全球层型剖面与点位(GSSP)已确立,而更新统中阶和上阶底界GSSP的研究工作正在进行中,界线标志已确定。近年来,随着同位素测年技术的不断提高和天文旋回理论的普遍应用,第四纪年代地层界线年龄在不断更新,天文轨道旋回控制的万年尺度气候事件可以作为全球对比的标尺。当前国际地层委员会第四系分会的主要任务包括更新统中、上阶底界金钉子的确立、全新统进一步划分和"人类统"概念的提出。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of