中华地台与兴蒙古生代地槽褶皱区界线的重新厘定

地球物理场特征、地震测深、大地电磁测深和最新地质资料表明,中华地台与兴蒙古生代地槽褶皱系的界线位于西拉木伦河—温都尔庙北—白音敖包北—宝音图北—策克—塔林构造线,从塔林向西,槽台界线沿塔里木地台北界延伸;从西拉木伦河向东,槽台界线尖灭在松辽前寒武陆块西南缘。     

根据深部地球物理资料和古板块构造格架重新厘定槽台界线

大地电磁测深、地震测深、深部地球物理场特征和古板块构造格架表明，华北地台与蒙古—兴安古生代地槽褶皱区界线位于田水井—六驼山—温图高勒—巴音毛道—图克木—巴音查干—白音敖包—温都尔庙—那日图—西拉木伦构造线。从田水井向西，槽合界线进入准噶尔—塔里木板块构造区；从西拉木伦向东，槽台界线尖灭在松辽前寒武板块西南缘。     

关于西拉木伦河断裂东延走向的研究——来自于MT资料的证据

针对西拉木伦河断裂的东延问题,利用MT二维反演软件,对松南、辽北及下辽河地区多条MT剖面资料进行了二维反演及分析,对西拉木伦河断裂东延进行了追索,据多条MT剖面资料的反演结果和地质的综合分析,对于西拉木伦河断裂的东延问题提出了新的认识:即西拉木伦河断裂由西拉木伦河河套,经通辽、科左中旗及三县堡以东,延伸到长春附近.     

西拉木伦河缝合带北侧二叠纪砂岩碎屑锆石 LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学及其构造意义

研究区位于西拉木伦河缝合带北侧,地理位置位于内蒙古东部草原区、大兴安岭南段,构造部位介于苏尼特左旗—锡林浩特—西乌珠穆沁旗南缝合线和西拉木伦河缝合带之间,是讨论华北地块北缘与其北侧地块拼贴过程的关键地区.通过对西拉木伦河缝合带北侧克什克腾旗(简称克旗)和林西地区二叠纪砂岩进行碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研...     

西拉木伦河断裂重、磁、电特征分析

西拉木伦河断裂带主体位于天山—兴蒙地槽系的中东部,沿西拉木伦河近东西走向延伸,是中国东北地区的一条规模较大的断裂带。该断裂带的界限位置一直是地质界研究的热点问题。目前对于断裂带性质的研究主要集中在大兴安岭以西地区,对大兴安岭以东的地区研究甚少。笔者从重、磁、电的角度分析了西拉木伦河断裂在大兴安岭以东地区的重、磁、电特征,利用小波多尺度分析方法对各异常场进行了分离,基于获得的含有异常信息的各阶图像,并结合大地电磁剖面,综合推断出西拉木伦河断裂的空间展布情况,认为西拉木伦河断裂是一条超壳断裂。     

华北地台北缘矿产资源前景

“七五”计划期间,华北地台北缘列为重点地质工作区之一.深入研究其区域成矿地质条件,对有计划有步骤地开展新的一轮固体矿产普查,是一项重要的基础工作.华北地台北缘大型成矿带的地质构造界线:北界为内蒙地轴北缘深断裂、西拉木伦河深断裂和古洞河一辉发河深断裂;南界为山海关隆起北侧和怀来一临河深断裂.包括内蒙地轴、辽吉台隆、燕山台褶带以及若干     

内蒙古西拉木伦河北岸杏树洼一带石炭纪洋壳“残片”的发现及其构造意义

内蒙古西拉木伦河北岸杏树洼一带石炭纪洋壳“残片”的发现及其构造意义樊志勇（内蒙古地矿局第二区域地质研究院）内蒙古东部西拉木伦河断裂为一条具相当规模的深断裂，是西伯利亚与中朝两大板块的缝合线，但其闭合时间一直是人们争论的焦点。西拉木伦河北侧零星出露的蛇...     

上岗岗坤兑断层糜棱岩白云母^40Ar-^39Ar定年——西拉木伦河断裂带活动主期新证据

西拉木伦河断裂带为规模巨大、具重要作用的区域性大断裂带.对其活动主期,一直存在争议.通常认为,长期活动断裂的活动主期主要以强烈变质变形时间为准.本文选择西拉木伦河断裂带中上岗岗坤兑断层中动力变质岩,采用40Ar-39Ar测年进行研究.结果表明,动力变质岩形成年龄为(223.1±1.8)~(224.6±1.1) Ma,为西拉木伦河断裂带活动主期提供了较精确的年龄数据.     

西拉木伦河北岸新发现地质资料及其构造意义

在内蒙古赤峰北部双井及其附近地区进行１／５万区调过程中,于西拉木伦河北岸发现了一些重要的地质资料：双井古陆及其物质组成;早二叠世早期复理石建造;石炭纪一早二叠世早期的蛇绿岩及其构造侵位;侵位于双井古陆的早二叠世同碰撞Ⅰ型、Ｓ型二长花岗岩;早二叠世晚期的磨拉石建造;早二叠世末西拉木伦河断裂带的韧性右行走滑及小苇塘岩片的构造侵位等。这些资料为加深对西拉木伦河断裂带的认识提供了可靠的依据。从而认为西拉木伦河断裂带为古蒙古洋板块与中朝板块最终碰撞缝合的位置,缝合时间为早二叠世早期末     

内蒙古中部重、磁场特征与地壳密度结构

中亚造山带中的古生代——中生代花岗岩普遍具有正εNd值，在世界上是十分独特的。美国西部加利福尼亚中生代-新生代花岗岩同样具有正εNd值，并且其地壳的速度分布特征与内蒙古中部十分相似。本文通过与美国加利福尼亚的地球物理研究成果进行对比，来研究内蒙古中部的地壳密度结构，特别是下地壳的组成，试图探讨产生正￡。值花岗岩的深部地质原因。研究结果表明，在大兴安岭-内蒙古造山带下地壳中可能存在与美国加里福尼亚类似的洋壳物质。此外，还对重、磁异常进行了处理，以确定蛇绿岩带的延展情况。由于在西拉木伦河附近存在切割至莫霍面的深断裂，结合地表出现的蛇绿岩带，故提出温都尔庙-西拉木伦河一线可能是内蒙古中部最重要的地质构造界线。     

南秦岭下地壳组成及岩石圈的拆离俯冲作用

根据新提供的Pb同位素组成及岩石地球化学研究成果，本文进一步证实了位于北秦岭北界的明港地区发育的早中生代安山玄武质火山角砾岩岩筒所携带的下地壳捕虏体属于南秦岭。所恢复的南秦岭下地壳剖面自下而上为：底侵成因的变辉长岩-基性麻粒岩(其中含有榴辉岩及辉石岩的透镜体)-酸性麻粒岩。秦岭造山带总体的岩石因模型为：南秦岭(扬子块体)向北拆离俯冲，北秦岭地壳向华北仰冲，华北岩石因呈楔状插入秦岭造山带，拆离面约在中、下地壳之间。南秦岭俯冲岩片延伸的范围在平面上有可能达到400km。     

青藏高原综合观测研究站的回顾与展望

中国科学院青藏高原综合观测研究站从１９８８年建站到１９９８年以来,在各个方面均取得了长足的发展,横向生产性项目的开展和完成不仅解决了部队和地方的实际问题,而且缓和了观测研究站在运行过程中所面临的经费严重不足的问题,同时也为我所冻土专业研究人员提供了在生产中实践的机会,在基础理论研究方面,承担了国家攀登计划项目,国家基金项目,中国科学院重点项目和中国科学院冰冻圈专项项目等的研究工作,在多年冻土变化,     

铀钍的地球化学及对地壳演化和生物进化的影响

本文论述了在含挥发份和贫挥发份条件下Ｕ、Ｔｈ的迁移行为及其对地球和行星演化的影响,并阐述了造成地球独特地质演化历史的原因。提出了Ｕ、Ｔｈ在地球中的迁移模式以及该模式对地壳形成、演化的控制作用和对生物发展演化的可能影响。     

Principles of spatial organization and evolution of the biosphere and the noosphere

In his last lifetime essay, “A Few Words about the Noosphere”, Academician V.I. Vernadsky (1944) wrote that all living organisms on the planet, including man, are integral to the biosphere of the Earth, its material and energy structure and cannot be physically independent of it even for a minute. However, the substrate that generates all living beings and is no less tightly bound to the biosphere has always been characterized by a significant geochemical heterogeneity, traced both in the vertical and in the lateral structure of all geospheres.

The present work is devoted to three most important aspects of modern geochemistry and biogeochemistry:

• — evolution of the ecological and geochemical state of the environment under conditions of a virgin (anthropogenically untouched) biosphere;
• — structural features of the geochemical organization of the modern noosphere;
• — specificity of the interaction of living matter with the environment under increasing anthropogenic load.

On the basis of theoretical concepts of biogeochemistry and geochemical ecology, formulated in the works of V.I. Vernadsky, A.P. Vinogradov, A.E. Fersman, B.B. Polynov, A.I. Perel’man, M.A. Glazovskaya, V.V. Kovalsky, E. Odum, B. Commoner, E.I. Kolchinskii and others, the author puts forward a hypothesis that there exist two qualitatively different stages in the evolution of the biosphere.The first stage is recognized as the period of natural evolution of the biosphere during which it evolves successively into a more complex and more biogeochemically specialized object. In the course of the geological time, this constantly results, on the one hand, in an increase in species diversity and the perfection of individual species, and, on the other hand, to directed improvement and a greater differentiation of the geochemical conditions of the environment. At this stage, the evolution of all systems of the biosphere that were controlled by the mechanisms of self-organization and self-regulation resulted in the establishment of a dynamic equilibrium, which was responsible for the cycling of all essential chemical elements and therefore providing ecologically optimal geochemical conditions in all ecological niches and for all species and biocenoses inhabiting the biosphere at any given moment.The beginning of the second stage is related to the appearance of reason and qualitative changes in the biosphere caused by the goal-directed activity of the human mind, as an entirely new geological force that appeared to be able not only to disrupt the functioning of natural mechanisms of self-regulation and selforganization, but also to transform the environment in the intersts of a single biological species, Homo sapiens. A direct consequence of this change was the uncontrolled transformation of the natural environment, during which the primary structure (geochemical background) created in the course of billions of years was eventually superimposed by a qualitatively new layer of anthropogenically-derived chemical elements and compounds, thus building an interference pattern of a new geochemical field with which practically all modern living organisms are now forced to interact.An outstanding feature of the new evolutionary stage of the natural environment, called by Vernadsky the noosphere, is that biogeochemical changes at this stage proceed at a rate which exceeds that required for the living matter to adapt to these changes. The result is the disruption of the existing parameters of the biological cycle, leading to the emergence of a significant number of endemic diseases of geochemical nature.The proposed approach was used to prove the anthropogenic genesis of existing geochemical endemic diseases and explain the mechanisms of their appearance. In addition, this approach allowed us to develop a new methodology for mapping zones of ecological and geochemical risk and noticeably simplify the procedure of monitoring distribution and prevention of all diseases of geochemical nature.     

Wavelets and the Generalization of the Variogram

The experimental variogram computed in the usual way by the method of moments and the Haar wavelet transform are similar in that they filter data and yield informative summaries that may be interpreted. The variogram filters out constant values; wavelets can filter variation at several spatial scales and thereby provide a richer repertoire for analysis and demand no assumptions other than that of finite variance. This paper compares the two functions, identifying that part of the Haar wavelet transform that gives it its advantages. It goes on to show that the generalized variogram of order k=1, 2, and 3 filters linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials from the data, respectively, which correspond with more complex wavelets in Daubechies's family. The additional filter coefficients of the latter can reveal features of the data that are not evident in its usual form. Three examples in which data recorded at regular intervals on transects are analyzed illustrate the extended form of the variogram. The apparent periodicity of gilgais in Australia seems to be accentuated as filter coefficients are added, but otherwise the analysis provides no new insight. Analysis of hyerpsectral data with a strong linear trend showed that the wavelet-based variograms filtered it out. Adding filter coefficients in the analysis of the topsoil across the Jurassic scarplands of England changed the upper bound of the variogram; it then resembled the within-class variogram computed by the method of moments. To elucidate these results, we simulated several series of data to represent a random process with values fluctuating about a mean, data with long-range linear trend, data with local trend, and data with stepped transitions. The results suggest that the wavelet variogram can filter out the effects of long-range trend, but not local trend, and of transitions from one class to another, as across boundaries.     

Palaeoecology and the origin of the coconut

While botanists, archaeologists, historians and linguists have contributed to the debate on the origin of the coconut pollen analysts have been silent. This article attempts to integrate the results of recent palaeoecological research with findings from the other disciplines.     

共和盆地层状地貌系统与青藏高原隆升及黄河发育

利用卫星遥感影像,结合实地调查和测年结果,对共和盆地层状地貌系统进行了解译、分析。研究表明,共和盆地层状地貌系统由山麓剥蚀面、洪积扇面、盆地面以及黄河阶地面构成,其空间结构、物质组成对发生于早更新世早期的青藏运动C幕和中更新世末期的共和运动反映清晰。青藏运动C幕使青藏高原主夷平面在高原差异性隆升中彻底解体,垂直变形量高达1700m。共和运动使黄河在0.11Ma进入共和盆地,其后黄河平均以3.5mm/a的侵蚀速率下切盆地,同时在盆地边部的山前古冲洪积扇以大致相近的速率被抬升,最终导致高差在2000m左右的层状地貌系统的出现。