部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架节点的拟静力试验研究

本文进行了四个部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架节点的拟静力试验研究。通过四个不同试件的试验研究分析了节点的变形能力、耗能能力、延性和刚度退化等抗震性能，同时分析了低周反复荷载作用下预应力混凝土框架节点的破坏机理。     

预应力混凝土扁梁框架节点抗震性能试验研究

通过4个预应力混凝土宽扁梁框架边节点在低周反复荷载作用下的抗震试验研究,对宽扁梁边节点在模拟地震作用下的破坏形态、特征荷载、滞回特性、骨架曲线、延性以及耗能能力等抗震性能进行分析研究。研究表明:试件初裂出现在靠近柱附近的梁,最终破坏区域发生在节点外核心区剪切破坏;荷载位移滞回曲线基本上呈梭形且相对饱满,试件位移延性系数介于3.7~5.13,具有较好的延性及耗能能力;穿过节点外核心区的预应力筋数量变化时,试件的延性及耗能能力变化不明显;试验中出现外核心区内的扁梁纵筋与混凝土黏结滑移破坏,混凝土剥落,而内核心区水平箍筋并未达到极限强度,建议在扁梁框架节点的设计应设置构造竖向垂直箍筋。总体上看,预应力混凝土宽扁梁框架边节点具有一定的抗震性能,可以通过合理的构造措施将其应用于抗震结构中。     

低周反复荷载下再生混凝土框架中间节点的受力性能

对足尺的3个再生混凝土框架中间节点与1个普通混凝土节点进行低周反复荷载试验,主要目的为考查在低轴压比情况下再生混凝土节点发生粘结滑移破坏的可能性。各试件符合"强柱弱梁、强节点"的设计原则。结果表明,在低轴压比情况下,再生混凝土节点试件发生显著的粘结滑移,延性性能和耗能性能差,不能满足抗震设计的要求,而相应的普通混凝土节点实现了梁铰破坏机制,延性和耗能性能良好。为获得良好的抗震性能,应对再生混凝土节点区锚固进行合理设计,如采用可靠的机械锚固措施,建议进一步开展再生混凝土框架节点区粘结机理和锚固措施研究。     

钢纤维高强混凝土框架边节点梁的曲率延性

进行了9个钢纤维高强混凝土框架边节点的抗震试验.通过测试钢纤维高强混凝土框架边节点梁端的荷载-变形滞回曲线和梁相关截面的横向变形,研究了钢纤维体积率、掺加范围和轴压比等因素对高强混凝土框架边节点梁截面曲率延性和滞回曲线的影响.结果表明,钢纤维能改善高强混凝土框架边节点梁截面延性,显著提高高强混凝土框架节点的抗震延性和耗能能力,对解决节点箍筋密集、改善施工条件具有明显效果.     

新型预制预应力混凝土框架结构有限元分析

为了研究新型预制预应力混凝土框架结构的抗震性能,本文采用ABAQUS软件对试验节点进行有限元分析,验证了建模方法的正确性,并以试验节点为原型,建立相应的两层两跨的新型预制预应力混凝土平面框架模型。采用低周往复加载方式分析了新型预制预应力混凝土框架结构和现浇框架结构的滞回性能,并模拟了新型预制预应力混凝土框架结构在不同的初始荷载、预应力筋数量及控制应力和U形筋配筋率下的滞回性能。结果表明,新型预制预应力混凝土框架和现浇框架的滞回性能非常接近;框架轴压比、预应力筋数量和U形筋配筋率对新型预制预应力混凝土框架的滞回性能有影响,而梁上荷载和预应力筋控制应力的影响较小。     

应用OpenSees模拟钢管混凝土不等跨框架抗震性能

基于一榀方钢管混凝土柱-H型钢梁不等跨平面框架的抗震性能试验,应用OpenSees有限元软件,模拟了低周反复荷载作用下框架的荷载-位移曲线,并对其抗震性能影响参数进行分析。研究结果表明:OpenSees中塑性铰纤维单元模拟栓焊连接的H型钢梁具有合理性。混凝土强度对框架的抗震性能影响较小,提高钢材强度可以有效提升框架结构的承载力和延性,其中Q345具有较高的性价比。柱截面宽厚比越小,框架承载力越高。轴压比增大会对框架抗震性能产生不利影响,工程中应避免出现高轴压比。在钢管混凝土不等跨框架结构设计中,钢梁跨度要综合考虑梁截面抗弯能力和梁柱线刚度比,其变梁异型中节点宜选择合适的梁高比。     

不同配筋附加角钢板的预应力装配框架中节点抗震性能试验研究

通过对不同配筋率下现浇钢筋混凝土中框架节点和附加角钢板的预应力装配式混凝土中框架节点的低周反复荷载试验,研究了不同配筋率下现浇钢筋混凝土中框架节点和附加角钢板的新型预应力装配中框架节点的裂缝发展、破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线和刚度退化曲线等抗震性能指标。结果表明:附加角钢板的新型预应力装配式中框架节点具有良好的抗震性能,提高配筋率在一定程度上可以提高节点的抗震性能。     

钢管混凝土柱-钢筋混凝土环扁梁节点性能试验研究

本文进行了钢管混凝土柱-钢筋混凝土环扁梁节点的静载和低周反复荷载试验,分析了节点的破坏形态、承载能力、延性、耗能能力等性能。本次试验结果显示,钢管混凝土核心区未发生屈服破坏情况,塑性铰产生于扁梁和环扁梁交界处(静载)和环扁梁上(低周反复荷载),环扁梁与钢管混凝土柱间未发生明显滑移现象;试验节点连接可靠,具有较好的承载力、延性以及耗能能力,能够满足延性抗震设计要求。     

预制预应力混凝土装配整体式框架拟动力试验研究

通过一榀二跨二层预压装配式预应力混凝土框架拟动力试验,研究了预压装配式框架的破坏机制、变形性能、刚度退化及耗能能力等抗震性能,并对模型结构进行弹塑性动力分析。研究表明,预压装配式预应力结构有着很强的变形恢复能力,框架节点处于双向受压状态,节点刚度和核心区抗裂性得到增强,提高了框架整体抗侧刚度。在竖向和水平力的作用下,梁端在叠加的负弯矩作用下率先出现塑性铰,可实现"强柱弱梁"的设计要求,预压装配式预应力结构具有良好的抗震性能。     

钢筋混凝土梁柱边节点抗震性能参数分析

通过2个钢筋混凝土梁柱边节点的低周反复荷载试验,从骨架曲线、变形能力和耗能等方面对边节点的抗震性能进行了研究,进一步应用有限元程序ABAQUS对梁柱边节点进行有限元参数分析,研究轴压比和配筋率对节点抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着柱端弯矩增大系数的提高,边节点试件的破坏模式从柱端混凝土压溃破坏转变成梁端塑性铰破坏,现行规范规定柱端弯矩增大系数有效实现了"强柱弱梁"预期设计目标;若边节点试件发生梁端破坏,柱轴压比变化对钢筋混凝土节点承载力和抗震性能影响甚微;随着柱配筋率逐步提高,框架梁梁端出现了塑性铰,显著提高了节点的承载力和抗震性能。     

Shaking table test and numerical simulation of a 1/2‐scale self‐centering reinforced concrete frame

Self‐centering reinforced concrete frames are developed as an alternative of traditional seismic force‐resisting systems with better seismic performance and re‐centering capability. This paper presents an experimental and computational study on the seismic performance of self‐centering reinforced concrete frames. A 1/2‐scale model of a two‐story self‐centering reinforced concrete frame model was designed and tested on the shaking table in State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering at Tongji University to evaluate the seismic behavior of the structure. A structural analysis model, including detailed modeling of beam–column joints, column–base joints, and prestressed tendons, was constructed in the nonlinear dynamic modeling software OpenSEES. Agreements between test results and numerical solutions indicate that the designed reinforced concrete frame has satisfactory seismic performance and self‐centering capacity subjected to earthquakes; the self‐centering structures can undergo large rocking with minor residual displacement after the earthquake excitations; the proposed analysis procedure can be applied in simulating the seismic performance of self‐centering reinforced concrete frames. To achieve a more comprehensive evaluation on the performance of self‐centering structures, research on energy dissipation devices in the system is expected. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

考虑材料损伤累积的型钢高强混凝土框架节点数值建模及参数分析

为研究地震作用下损伤累积对型钢高强混凝土框架节点抗震性能的影响,基于5榀型钢高强混凝土框架节点低周反复加载试验结果,分析节点构件损伤累积过程及其对刚度和强度的影响。从材料自身损伤入手,通过引入刚度影响系数考虑循环荷载作用下混凝土的单边效应,对Faria-Oliver本构模型进行改进,进而建立适应于型钢混凝土结构的材料损伤累积本构模型。同时基于该模型采用ANSYS分析软件对地震作用下的型钢高强混凝土框架节点进行数值分析,并与试验结果进行对比分析。结果表明:采用本文建立的材料损伤累积本构模型能较好地反映地震作用下型钢高强混凝土框架节点的损伤特性。在此基础上,进一步分析构件轴压比、配箍率、配钢率等设计参数对型钢高强混凝土框架节点抗震性能的影响。研究成果可为该类结构构件的抗震设计提供理论和技术支撑。     

预制预应力混凝土拼装框架梁柱节点抗震性能研究

针对采用预应力钢筋进行干式连接的预制预应力混凝土拼装框架梁柱节点进行抗震性能研究。设计制作了一组节点试件,对其进行低周往复加载试验和数值分析,观测节点变形与破坏特征,得到试件梁端力－位移滞回曲线,分析节点承载力、耗能水平与变形能力。结果表明:通过接缝开合可在较小位移下控制构件的损伤程度,破坏模式以柱端牛腿压剪破坏为主;与现浇混凝土梁柱节点相比,该节点具有良好的变形能力和自复位特征,但是节点整体耗能能力较低;采用简化的基于多折线骨架曲线的本构模型可以对节点的力学性能进行简化等效模拟。     

大跨预应力混凝土空间框架结构的地震振动台试验研究

利用地震振动台对大跨预应力混凝土井式梁空间框架结构的抗震性能进行了实验研究。两个模型的实验结果表明：(1)大跨预应力井式梁空间框架结构可以提供大的楼层平面内刚度；(2)对称大跨预应力井式梁空间框架结构，可以不考虑耦合地震反应；(3)大跨预应力井式梁空间框架结构的竖向地震反应中心大而周边小；(4)在相同加速度但不同的地震波作用下，结构的竖向地震反应不同。     

Seismic performance and global ductility of RC frames rehabilitated with retrofitted joints by CFRP laminates

This paper presents a new FRP retrofi tting scheme to strengthen local beam-column joints in reinforced concrete(RC) frames.The new retrofi tting scheme was proposed following a preliminary study of four different existing retrofi tting schemes.A numerical simulation was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete frames by bridging behavior of local joints to the whole structure.Local confi nement effects due to varying retrofi tting schemes in the joints were simulated in the frame model.The seismic behavior factor was used to evaluate the seismic performance of the strengthened RC frames.The results demonstrated that the new proposed retrofi tting scheme was robust and promising,and fi nite element analysis appropriately captured the strength and global ductility of the frame due to upgrading of the local joints.     

Rehabilitation of earthquake damaged external RC beam‐column joints by joint enlargement using prestressed steel angles

The effectiveness of a rehabilitation method based on joint enlargement using prestressed steel angles to enhance the seismic behavior of damaged external reinforced concrete beam‐column joints was experimentally investigated. Three half‐scale joints having either non‐seismic or seismic reinforcement details were tested both before and after rehabilitation by applying lateral cyclic loading of increasing amplitudes. Two defects were considered for the two non‐seismic units, being the absence of transverse steel hoops and insufficient bond capacity of beam bottom steel reinforcing bars in the joint panel zone. The damaged specimens were rehabilitated by injecting epoxy grout into existing cracks and installing stiffened steel angles at the re‐entrant corners of the beam‐column joint, both above and below the beam, that were mounted and held in place using prestressed high‐tensile strength bars. The test results indicated that the seismic performance of the rehabilitated specimens in terms of strength, stiffness, and ductility was fully recovered and comparable with the performance of the seismically detailed specimen. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大跨预应力混凝土框架结构的静力弹塑性(pushover)分析

基于美国规范ATC-40和N2方法,建立了大跨预应力混凝土框架结构竖向地震反应的静力弹塑性(pushover)分析方法。编制了预应力混凝土构件截面弯矩-曲率的计算程序。这些为评价大跨预应力混凝土框架结构的竖向抗震能力提供了有益的参考。结合具体工程实例进一步说明了该方法的实施步骤。     

新型装配式混凝土框架连接节点抗震性能试验

为推广装配式混凝土框架结构的应用,提出3种不同的新型装配式钢筋混凝土框架中节点连接形式,进行低周往复荷载试验。对比各试件的破坏形态、滞回性能、刚度退化、累积耗能和节点剪切变形等抗震指标。研究结果表明:采用方钢管连接的装配式混凝土节点呈现梁端弯曲破坏,采用工字钢连接或对拉螺栓连接的节点呈现节点核心区剪切破坏。采用方钢管的连接形式既能改善节点核心区的破坏形态,又能提高其承载能力、变形能力、耗能能力和梁端转动能力,同时显著改善节点的滞回特性,减小核心区的剪切变形。在弹塑性和塑性变形阶段,采用方钢管连接形式的装配式混凝土节点的抗震性能优于工字钢连接和对拉螺栓连接的节点。此外,采用工字钢连接形式比对拉螺栓连接形式的节点具有更高的承载能力、耗能能力和较小的核心区剪切变形。     

方钢管混凝土框架内隔板节点抗震性能的试验研究

本文设计了一榀三层两跨的方钢管混凝土框架模型,梁柱节点采用内隔板节点型式。采用拟静力试验方法,对方钢管混凝土框架施加低周反复水平荷载,研究了方钢管混凝土框架内隔板节点的荷载一位移曲线、节点延性、节点破坏机制和破坏特点等抗震性能。研究结果表明,方钢管混凝土框架内隔板节点的抗震性能较好。     

Shake-table testing of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete frame with shear walls

The seismic performance of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete (RC) frame with shear walls was investigated in this paper. The lateral force resistance was provided by self-centering precast RC shear walls (SPCW), which utilize a combination of unbonded prestressed post-tensioned (PT) tendons and mild steel reinforcing bars for flexural resistance across base joints. The structures concentrated deformations at the bottom joints and the unbonded PT tendons provided the self-centering restoring force. A 1/3-scale model of a five-story self-centering RC frame with shear walls was designed and tested on a shake-table under a series of bi-directional earthquake excitations with increasing intensity. The acceleration response, roof displacement, inter-story drifts, residual drifts, shear force ratios, hysteresis curves, and local behaviour of the test specimen were analysed and evaluated. The results demonstrated that seismic performance of the test specimen was satisfactory in the plane of the shear wall; however, the structure sustained inter-story drift levels up to 2.45%. Negligible residual drifts were recorded after all applied earthquake excitations. Based on the shake-table test results, it is feasible to apply and popularize a self-centering precast RC frame with shear walls as a structural system in seismic regions.