控制网优化设计中的蒙特卡罗法

介绍了蒙特卡罗法的基本步骤以及伪随机数的检验方法;结合工程控制网的设计给出了一个实际算例, 算例的结果表明该方法切实有效.     

南宁市轨道交通GPS框架网的测设及数据处理的不同解算方法分析

以南宁市轨道交通框架网的建设为例,利用两种不同的基线解算软件对框架网基线进行了解算,并进行了初步比较;然后利用不同的网平差软件进行平差解算,对利用不同解算方法的解算精度进行了比较分析。     

基于整体最小二乘法的线性回归建模和解法

对基于自变量和因变量误差的回归问题进行了进一步研究,证明了两种方法的实质并未解决同时考虑自变量和因变量的误差问题,其解算结果和不考虑自变量误差的解算结果完全相同.给出了能同时顾及自变量和因变量误差的新的回归模型,并推导了具体的解算方法.算例结果和基于矩阵分解的整体最小二乘法解算方法的结果相同,说明了本文方法的正确性.     

利用CCD数码相机进行高精度定位的方法

提出了利用普通CCD数码相机来进行高精度定位的数学模型; 设计了相应的算例,并利用仿真数据对模型进行了验证.算例结果表明,这种方法的模型精度能够达到0.15 mm.     

利用CCD数码相机进行高精度定位的方法

提出了利用普通CCD数码相机来进行高精度定位的数学模型; 设计了相应的算例,并利用仿真数据对模型进行了验证.算例结果表明,这种方法的模型精度能够达到0.15 mm.     

整体最小二乘线性回归模型与算法

从平差模型的角度,研究整体最小二乘线性回归模型条件平差与间接平差的解算方法,并在理论上证明两种解算方法的等价性。最后通过算例验证解算方法的正确性。     

地图上曲线长度归算的分形方法研究

提出了一种基于分形理论的地图曲线长度归算方法，并给出了应用实例，为曲线长度归算的客观化、自动化提供了新的途径。     

地图上曲线长度归算的分形方法研究

提出了一种基于分形理论的地图曲线长度归算方法，并给出了应用实例，为曲线长度归算的客观化，自动化提供了新的途径。     

基于曲线拟合的线要素综合数据整体处理方法

讨论了线要素综合后数据的整体处理与按弧段分区平差两种解算方案，详细推导了按弧段分区平差解算的各种条件方程。通过算例验证，本方法是合理的、实用的。     

近似坐标的非线性解法

介绍了以边角网求近似坐标的一般方法,提出了求解近似坐标非线性解法,以算例说明其更加接近坐标真值,有利于平差解算。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。