山东昌乐蓝宝石颜色与化学成分的关系

产于玄武岩中的蓝宝石颜色通常较深,山东昌乐蓝宝石的颜色因其晶体巨大更显得深暗。这类蓝宝石曾多次进行过改色试验,但成效都不大。通过对电子探针对紫外－可见光－近约外吸收光谱图测试结果的分析,并对山东昌乐蓝宝石的颜色与化学成分之间的关系进行研究,结果表明：昌乐蓝宝石的主要致色元素为Ｆｅ,Ｔｉ,Ｃｒ,Ｎｉ等,Ｆｅ２Ｏ＋ＦｅＯ含量高及ＴｉＯ２含量少,以及成对ＦｉＯ２含量少,以及成对Ｆｅ＾３＋的大量存在是其颜     

山东昌乐蓝宝石的特征研究

我国新第三纪玄武岩中的蓝宝石往往存在颜色深时间暗,透明度差,净度低,色调不纯正,颜色不鲜艳等缺陷,本文通过矿物学和宝石学研究,认为山东昌乐蓝宝石具有颗粒大,净度好,透明度高,色调纯正,高度较大,饱和度较高等特点,其质量较海南文昌,福建明溪和江苏六合蓝宝石为佳。     

山东昌乐蓝宝石的颜色成因与优化

本文对昌乐蓝宝石进行了大量的颜色指数测量。各样品的主波长虽多落在蓝紫—蓝—蓝绿区,但其纯度均很低,以致肉眼观察十分暗淡,近乎黑色。蓝宝石的颜色主要由全铁含量和Fe~(2+)/Fe~(3+)值决定。随Fe~(2+)含量的增多,蓝宝石的颜色由黄逐渐变为蓝紫色。热处理难以改变蓝宝石中全铁的含量,但可使不同价态铁的含量发生改变。昌乐蓝宝石中全铁含量太高,通常热处理效果不很理想。     

昌乐宝石城400亿元铸辉煌

从昌乐县宝石城管委会获悉,截至目前,中国宝石城（昌乐）宝石加工销售业户已达到1600多家,年加工交易额突破400亿元。宝石贸易成为带动昌乐经济发展的新引擎。据勘察,昌乐蓝宝石有矿面积450平方公里,储量数十亿克拉,是中国最大的蓝宝石矿区,与泰国、澳大利亚、斯里兰卡并称世界四大蓝宝石矿区。昌乐蓝宝石具有颗粒大、晶体完整、双色性显著、颜色纯正、艳色宝石多等特点,象征圣洁、高贵、深邃、永恒,被业界誉为“中国蓝”。     

山东昌乐蓝宝石的EPR谱研究

本文较详细地分析论述了山东昌乐蓝宝石EPR谱各共振吸收带的位置、强度及其随EAC轴角度变化规律等特征，对各吸收带的归属也进行了深入讨论。通过EPR谱分析，笔者认为山东昌乐蓝宝石中Fe3 是大量存在的，并有可能是Fe的主要存在形式，由此指出，在昌乐蓝宝石改色工艺中过于看重将Fe2 转变为Fe3 将导致蓝宝石灰色成分增加。     

山东蓝宝石的主要致色因素

山东蓝宝石颜色深暗,与其主要致色元素有着直接关系.对其化学成分进行分析认为:Cr2O3是红色、橙黄色、黄色的主要致色因素.而w(TiO2)低,w(TFeO)高,尤其是Fe3 大于全铁的90%,TFeO/TiO2比值大是山东蓝宝石颜色深暗的主要原因.对其紫外-可见光-近红外吸收光谱进行分析,进一步得出Cr3 离子的d-d电子跃迁、成对Fe3 离子、单Fe3 离子的d-d电子跃迁、Fe2 -Ti4 之间的电荷转移、Fe2 Fe3 之间的电荷转移等是山东蓝宝石致色的本质.代表绝大多数山东蓝宝石颜色的深蓝色蓝宝石,缺失紫外-可见光-近红外吸收光谱的575～711nm吸收带,即缺少Fe2 -Ti4 之间的电荷转移.因此,针对性地选择w(TiO2)高的蓝宝石进行改善,或是设法加入TiO2、减少Fe3 含量、在还原条件下改变其TFeO/TiO2的比值,应是目前山东蓝宝石改色的关键.     

苏鲁蓝宝石呈色机理和改色试验研究

对山东及江苏的蓝宝石进行改色试验,通过高温热处理方法可改善其透明度和颜色鲜艳度,提高蓝宝石的级别。探讨了蓝宝石的呈色机理,认为蓝宝石为电荷转移致色,可用分子轨道理论解释     

山东省星光蓝宝石研究

山东昌乐是蓝宝石的主要产地之一.本文介绍了山东星光蓝宝石的特点,阐述了蓝宝石呈现星光与呈现光斑的机理,列举了使蓝宝石产生星光的针状包体的种类,论述了山东星光蓝宝石的性质特征、新发现致色离子类别、发光性、黄色变色蓝宝石及引起蓝宝石变色的元素以及星光蓝宝石分类、分级、评价原则.     

山东蓝宝石（刚玉）热处理改善研究

本文采用高温热处理法,对山东蓝宝石进行改善实验,其内容主要涉及消除色斑,消除丝状包裹体,减轻蓝宝石发黑（色太深）现象。在此基础上对蓝宝石高温热处理改善机理进行探讨,研究认为：（１）高温环境下通过缺陷传递使晶格中Ｆｅ２＋变为Ｆｅ３＋;（２）恒温时间的变化率为粒径变化率的两倍;（３）降温速率极限为：φ＝ＲＳｆ（Ｔ）ｒ２;（４）改善后蓝宝石总带灰色色调的主要原因是Ｆｅ２＋－Ｆｅ３＋荷移加强和纳米级包裹体数量增加所致。     

福建明溪蓝宝石的红外光谱研究

福建省明溪的蓝宝石颜色以蓝绿色和黄绿色为主。颜色不均匀,蓝色宝石中常见黄色的色带或色块。二色性明显。在紫外—可见吸收光谱中,明溪蓝宝石的吸收带出现在３７７、３８８、４５１、５１０、５７０、和８１０ｎｍ处。其中黄色主要是由４５１ｎｍ吸收引起的,蓝色与５７０ｎｍ和８１０ｎｍ吸收带有关。蓝宝石具有较高的ＦｅＯ和较低的ＴｉＯ２。ＦｅＯ的平均含量为１－３４％,ＴｉＯ２的含量为０－０７％。电子探针分析没有发现ＦｅＯ和ＴｉＯ２含量与颜色之间有明显的相关性［１］。一些学者曾发现,不同颜色蓝宝石的红外光谱特征有所…     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of