中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境动力学开放实验室开放研究课题指南

中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境动力学开放实验室是致力于热带海洋环境动力过程相关学科领域 (物理海洋学、环境海洋学、海洋生态学、气候学等 )基础研究的科研机构 ,实行“开放、流动、联合”运行原则。现有一支以中青年为骨干、老中青相结合的热带海洋环境动力学研究队伍 ,有广泛的国内外合作基础。开放实验室拥有较丰富的海洋、大气、环境、生态等方面的常规和遥感观测资料 ,并配备了先进的计算机与网络环境资源 ,为开放课题的研究提供了良好的科研条件。根据热带海洋环境动力学开放实验室的宗旨 ,近期开放研究课题指南设立如下 :…     

实验海洋生物学开放实验室成果显著

中科院海洋研究所海洋生物学开放实验室建立6年多来,在发育生物学、藻类光合作用、海藻种质与种苗生物学、海洋动物遗传与繁殖生物学研究中,取得一批水平较高,应用前景广阔的研究成果。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年，是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为信托单位，以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室：成立于2002年。是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位。以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士。学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年，是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位，以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士。学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年，是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位，以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士，学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验窜

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年，是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位，以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士，学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年，是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位。以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士，学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年。是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位。以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士。学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室成立于2002年，是国家海洋局部门开放实验室。该实验室以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所为依托单位。以国家海洋局第一海洋研究所海洋地质研究室、海岸带开发与管理研究中心和海洋工程勘察设计研究中心为基础组建。现任实验室主任为石学法博士，学术委员会主任为秦蕴珊院士。     

1982-2016年北极开阔水域变化

近30年来,北极海冰覆盖范围大幅缩减,开阔水域也相应地发生显著变化。本文利用美国雪冰中心的海冰密集度产品以及美国海洋和大气科学管理局的海水表面温度数据产品,分析了1982-2016年北极开阔水域面积以及开阔水域季节长度的年际变化,并进一步探讨了海水表面温度对开阔水域时空变化的影响。结果表明北极开阔水域面积平均每年增加55.89×103 km2,海冰消退时间以平均0.77 d/a的速度在提前,海冰出现时间以平均0.82 d/a的速度在延迟,导致开阔水域季节长度以平均1.59 d/a的速度在增加。2016年达到了有遥感观测资料以来开阔水域面积和开阔水域季节长度的最大值,分别为13.52×106 km2和182 d。9个海区的开阔水域变化特征有一定的差异,对开阔水域变化贡献最大的有北冰洋核心区、喀拉海和巴伦支海。海水表面温度对开阔水域的变化有着重要影响,且影响的程度与纬度相关,即高纬度地区的海水表面温度对开阔水域的影响高于低纬度地区。     

轻型连续沉井在护岸工程中的应用

结合青岛浮山湾北海船厂西护岸工程，对轻型连续沉井在护岸工程中的应用作了系统介绍。连续沉井在该工程的软基上作为干插条石斜坡堤的堤脚支撑并兼有护底防冲刷以及消浪功能，具有施工方便，造价经济，美观实用等优点，有一定的推广使用价值．对该类轻型沉井的设计和施工作了较为详细的阐述，便于工程应用。     

Trophic Status of the South-Eastern Baltic Sea: A Comparison of Coastal and Open Areas

Primary production, nutrient concentrations, phytoplankton biomass (incl. chlorophyll a) and water transparency (Secchi depth), are important indicators of eutrophication. Earlier basin-wide primary production estimates for the Baltic Sea, a shallow shelf sea, were based mainly on open-sea data, neglecting the fundamentally different conditions in the large river plumes, which might have substantially higher production. Mean values of the period 1993–1997 of nutrient concentrations (phosphate, nitrate, ammonium and silicate), phytoplankton biomass, chlorophyll a (chl a) concentration, turbidity and primary production were calculated in the plumes of the rivers Oder, Vistula and Daugava and Klaipeda Strait as well as the open waters of the Arkona Sea, Bornholm Sea, eastern Gotland Sea and the Gulf of Riga. In the plumes, these values, except for primary production, were significantly higher than in the open waters. N:P ratios in the plumes were >16 (with some exceptions in summer and autumn), indicating potential P-limitation of phytoplankton growth, whereas they were <16 in the open Baltic Proper, indicating potential N-limitation. On the basis of in situ phytoplankton primary production, phytoplankton biomass and nutrient concentrations, the large river plumes and the Gulf of Riga could be characterized as eutrophic and the outer parts of the coastal waters and the open sea as mesotrophic. Using salinity to define the border of the plumes, their mean extension was calculated by means of a circulation model. Taking into account the contribution of coastal waters, the primary production in the Baltic Proper and the Gulf of Riga was 42·6 and 4·3×10⁶ t C yr⁻¹, respectively. Hence, an annual phytoplankton primary production in the whole Baltic Sea was estimated at 62×10⁶ t C yr⁻¹. The separate consideration of the plumes had only a minor effect on the estimation of total primary production in comparison with an estimate based on open sea data only. There is evidence for a doubling of primary production in the last two decades. Moreover, a replacement of diatoms by dinoflagellates during the spring bloom was noticed in the open sea but not in the coastal waters. A scheme for trophic classification of the Baltic Sea, based on phytoplankton primary production and biomass, chl a and nutrient concentrations, is proposed.     

Sediment Flux of Particulate Organic Phosphorus in the Open Black Sea

The interannual variation of the monthly average (weighted average) concentrations of particulate organic phosphorus (P_POM) in the photosynthetic layer, oxycline, redox zone, and H₂S zone in the open Black Sea is estimated based on long-term observation data. The suspension sedimentation rates from the studied layers are assessed using model calculations and published data. The annual variation of P_POM sediment fluxes from the photosynthetic layer, oxycline, redox zone, and upper H₂S zone to the anaerobic zone of the sea and the correspondingly annual average values are estimated for the first time. A regular decrease in the P_POM annual average flux with depth in the upper active layer is demonstrated. A correlation between the annual average values of P_POM sediment flux from the photosynthetic layer and ascending phosphate flux to this layer is shown, which suggests their balance in the open sea. The results are discussed in terms of the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle and the concept of new and regenerative primary production in the open Black Sea.     

粉砂淤泥质海岸开敞航道淤积模式探讨

粉砂淤泥质海岸开挖的开敞航道,普遍存在淤积问题,而且在风暴浪作用过后,经常出现泥沙大量骤淤现象．根据已有的研究成果,指出航道淤积除存在悬移质淤积、推移质淤积、层移质淤积外,还有泥沙流滑淤积、航道侧面土体滑坡淤积2种方式,并概念性地分析了粉砂淤泥质海岸航道淤积．在常浪状况下,主要为“悬移质＋推移质＋层移质”的淤积组合模式;在风暴浪状况下,主要为“悬移质＋推移质＋层移质＋泥沙流滑＋航道侧面土体滑坡”的淤积组合模式。     

Open Ocean Originated Phosphorus and Nitrogen in the Seto Inland Sea,Japan

The ratios of phosphorus and nitrogen originating from land and the open ocean in the Seto Inland Sea, which is the largest semi-enclosed coastal sea in Japan, have been estimated from data on total phosphorus and nitrogen loads and observed concentrations of total phosphorus and nitrogen. The ratios of land-origin and open-ocean-origin total phosphorus and nitrogen in the Seto Inland Sea are 0.28:0.72 and 0.19:0.81, respectively.     

Open sea berths for liquid bulk carriers

The transfer of liquid bulk through flexible transfer lines can be accomplished despite relatively large ship motions. For this reason, open sea berth terminals have replaced conventional harbors in many places. The thorough understanding of moored ships dynamics when subjected to waves, wind and currents, combined with the use of flexible dolphins, flexible fenders, asymmetric constant-tension winches and nylon tails permit us to design open sea berth terminals for relatively exposed areas. The design of an integrated system of marine sensors to continuously monitor all the critical elements-ship motion and mooring and fender forces-will enhance the operational procedure whilst insuring safe operations. A berth code can then be established for insuring the maximum efficiency of the terminal on the basis of the measurement of these critical elements.     

Variational Data Assimilation in Problems of Modeling Hydrophysical Fields in Open Water Areas

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The formulation of boundary conditions at liquid (open) boundaries is a topical problem in mathematically modeling the hydrothermodynamics of open water...     

Open boundary conditions for regional tidal simulations

The performance of regional tide model simulations is examined in relation to the choice of open boundary conditions. Three barotropic open boundary conditions, clamped elevation, clamped normal velocity, and Flather, give similar results when the prescribed values are exact; however, Flather is much less sensitive to errors in the prescribed values. Of particular concern, it was found that with a phase error between the two boundaries, both the clamped conditions resulted in magnitude errors in the unclamped variable (although the simulation remained stable).A modified flow relaxation scheme for the depth-varying prognostic variables is presented. This implementation allows the transmission of a range of vertical modes while retaining realistic topography at the boundary. It was found to be an excellent internal tide boundary condition in tests comparing simulations of different domain length encompassing a ridge and sloping bottom, and in a comparison to an analytical solution. Mass is conserved without any artificial volume constraint.     

Open registers: past, present and future

The debate about open registers (ORs) is not a new matter, and throughout centuries States have taken advantage of other flags for their own profit in order to overcome any kind of restrictions. To understand this system in depth it is necessary to know about its origins, development and consolidation. Eradicating substandard registers calls for the application of specific directions like the ones presented, which are a result of many years of researching and working for international organizations aiming at the modernization and consolidation of some ORs. This has led to an increase in the levels of safety and credibility of the maritime administrations where they were applied.