碳酸钠浸取-紫外荧光光谱法测定地质样品中痕量铀

地质样品经HF—HNO3-HCl-HClO4溶解后，用50g／L碳酸钠溶液浸取分离，采用紫外荧光光谱法直接测定上清液的铀含量。浸取时间选择30min，Fe、Zn、Ca、Co、Ni、Cu和Mn等元素留在残渣中不产生干扰。方法精密度（RSD，n=12）为3．37％～7．06％，检出限为0．009μg／g（进样量100μL）。方法参加区域地球化学考核样品的测试，合格率100％，适用于土壤、水系沉积物、岩石及Fe、Zn、Ca、Co、M、Cu和Mn含量较高的样品中痕量铀的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定冶炼副产品硫酸镍中砷、锌、钴

冶炼副产品硫酸镍组成成分复杂,准确分析杂质元素As、Zn、Co含量对设计硫酸镍提纯工艺有重要意义。采用硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸体系对样品进行前处理,优化仪器工作条件,建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定冶炼副产品硫酸镍中As、Zn、Co的方法。本实验分别以As 189.042nm,Zn 206.200nm,Co 228.616nm为分析谱线。实验结果表明:待测溶液中20g/L硫酸镍基体及1g/L Cu、20mg/L Cd、Cr、Fe、Sb、Ca、Mg、Al、Mn、Sn、Bi等共存杂质元素对As、Zn、Co的测定结果基本无影响。As、Zn、Co的标准曲线线性相关系数均在0.9999以上,方法检出限为0.0021～0.026mg/L,方法定量限为0.0063～0.078mg/L。采用实验方法测定冶炼副产品硫酸镍实际样品中As、Zn、Co,所得结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)介于1.51%～2.77%之间,加标回收率在89.6%～108.4%之间。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱／质谱法测定环境样品中的硼

采用HF-HNO3-H3PO4-HClO4密封溶样处理样品,电感耦合等离子体光谱/质谱法(ICP-AES/MS)测定农作物、膳食和粪便中的硼。所拟定的方法在测硼的同时,还可测定Cr、Cu、Li、V、Co、Zn、Sr、Cd、Ba、K、Na、Fe、Mn、Zn元素,可以为农作物和饮食中痕量元素研究提供参考。ICP-AES测定硼的方法检出限(3σ)为0.0063μg/mL,测定限(10σ,DF=100)为2.10μg/g;ICP-MS测定硼方法检出限(3σ)为0.0228ng/mL,测定限(10σ,DF=1000)为0.092μg/g。方法经植物国家一级标准物质GBW07602～07605验证,测定值与标准值接近,样品10次测定的RSD<10%。     

等离子发射光谱法测定杜仲中的微量元素

将杜仲样品进行灰化处理,残渣用HNO3、HF、HClO4加热提取,用等离子光谱发射仪测定Co、Ni、Zn、Mn、Cu的含量。实验表明,杜仲中Co、Ni、Zn、Mn、Cu的含量较为丰富。分析方法简便,快速,精确度较好。     

应用S930树脂富集薄样-X射线荧光光谱现场分析环境水体中8种重金属的方法研究

使用便携式X射线荧光光谱法结合富集技术已能分析液体样品中近20种金属元素,但检出限相对较高(0.1~100μg/L)、富集操作繁多、一种富集法可测元素种类较少等因素制约了该技术的发展。本文研究了一种适应于现场测试环境水样的XRF分析方法。使用20 mg S-930螯合树脂对100 m L水体中8种重金属(V、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb)进行预富集,控制溶液p H=4,搅拌30 min,经真空抽滤系统过滤制得均匀薄样,再使用自制的双层膜包夹样品盒并利用小型台式波长色散XRF测定。结果表明,8种元素标准曲线的相关性R20.997,检测范围为10~1000μg/L,检出限为1.0~6.2μg/L,方法精密度(RSD,n=12)小于5%,加标回收率为80%~120%;标准水样和模拟水样的测定结果分别与标准值和理论值基本一致。本方法巧妙地使用双层聚丙烯膜包夹薄试样的制样方法,较好解决了薄膜样品的污染等问题,简化了水样的预富集操作,制备的树脂薄样可直接供XRF测量。方法检出限较低,稳定性较好,适用于检测Ⅰ~Ⅴ类水体中Fe、Co、Ni和Cu,Ⅱ~Ⅴ类水体中V和Zn,Ⅲ~Ⅴ类水体中Mn和Pb,基本具备对8种重金属污染水体进行环境监测、水质调查等现场分析的能力。     

雅鲁藏布江表层沉积物地球化学元素研究

雅鲁藏布江流域还没有大的工业污染源,仍然属于自然河流.对雅鲁藏布江16个表层沉积样品的全样、小于20μm 和小于63μm 粒级的32种元素含量进行了测定,并分析了与人类活动密切相关的元素 Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd 和 Pb 的含量分布特征,以及这些元素含量与粒径之间的关系.结果表明,多数元素(Cs 除外)与西藏土壤元素背景值相差不大, B、Cr、Ni、As 和 Cs 含量高于中国陆壳元素丰度值,但这些元素主要来源于该流域富含这些元素的页岩、片岩和千枚岩等母岩.由于相似的地球化学行为,沉积物中 Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn 之间显著正相关;除 Pb、As 外,一些元素(如 Zn、Ni)与沉积物的粒径显著负相关     

TCLP法评价泉州市大气降尘重金属的生态环境风险

对泉州市不同功能区大气降尘中的重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、V)含量进行了分析测定,采用由美国环保署(USEPA)提出并被广泛推荐采用的TCLP法对泉州市不同功能区大气降尘中的重金属元素(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr)的生态环境风险进行评价。以TCLP法提取的泉州市大气降尘重金属Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb、Cr、As、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni和V含量分别在2.592～63.20、0.084～2.978、9.276～3141、0.147～345.0、0.628～9.696、0.019-5.152、5.037-248.9、55.00-1261、0.040-63.56、0.735-37.43和0.020-24.07 mg/kg之间。根据TCLP法测定项目的法定阈值,泉州市大气降尘不同程度地受到Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr的污染,其中以Pb、Zn污染最为严重,其次为Cu、Cd、Cr。相关性分析结果显示,Fe、Mn、Ni、Cr、V的TCLP法提取量受样品pH值的显著影响;Pb、Cd、Mn、Co、Ni、As提取量除了受金属本身的总量影响外,还受到其它元素总量和TCLP提取量的影响。主成分分析结果表明,交通尾气尘、燃油尘、装饰材料尘、地面土壤尘、工业粉尘、建筑尘和燃煤烟尘等是泉州市大气降尘的主要来源,占总贡献率的86.01%。     

AG MP-1M阴离子分离Cu、Fe、Zn及其在Fe同位素测定上的应用

采用新型阴离子交换树脂AG MP-1M,分别以8.2 mol/L HCl+0.01%HF、4 mol/L HCl、2 mol/L HCI和0.5 mol/L HNO,可以有效分离地质样品中Cu、Co、Fe和Zn,克服了AG MP-1阴离子交换树脂分离Cu时Co随Cu同时淋洗下来,以及在分离Co含量较高的地质样品时Co和Cu需过二次柱分离的弊端.对花岗闪长岩等地质标样的研究结果表明,AG MP-1M阴离子交换树脂能有效分离Cu、Fe和Zn,并且它们的回收率均大于99%.标准样品经过离子交换分离后Fe同位素未发生分馏,可满足多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱(MC-ICPMS)的同位素测定要求.     

山东菏泽定陶地区土壤元素地球化学特征

对山东菏泽定陶地区进行土壤地球化学研究,利用AFS820原子荧光光度计和2100 DV电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪,测定土壤元素的种类和含量。对区内土壤元素的含量特征进行分析,元素迁移转化规律研究及对元素的地球化学等级划分。结果表明:①研究区表层土壤中养份元素K和Ca均与植物的长势成正相关;②深层土壤元素(S、K、Fe、Ca、N、Mn、Cu、Mo等)与植物的长势相关性较小;③植物(山药)对土壤中V、Mn、Zn、Sr、Se、I、Ni元素需求较多;④Ca、N、Mn、Cu、Ni、Co、P、B、Sb、F元素的K值(深层土壤/表层土壤)较高。     

铁岭市东部山区野生经济植物榛子营养元素地球化学特征

对辽宁省铁岭市东部山区野生经济植物榛子样品中的常量营养元素P、K、Ca、Na、Mg、S,14种营养微量元素和稀土元素含量进行了分析.结果表明,本区的榛子样品其主量元素化学特征属K > P > Ca型,其中Na元素含量变异系数最大,为44.27.微量元素含量水平均在植物元素含量正常值变化范围内,由高到低,元素含量排列顺序为;Mn > Si > Fe > Zn > B > Cu > Ni > F > Cr > Mo > Co > Se > I > V.其中,V元素变异系数最大,为93.18.稀土元素总量∑REE（平均值）为29.66×10^-9,属低含量.元素相关性分析表明,元素K与Na、Mg,S与Mg、Ca,P与K、Na、Mg、Ca,Fe与Mn,Co与Mn,Cu与Zn之间,在0.01水平都表现出极显著的正相关,反映这些元素之间的吸收积累有很好的协同作用.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of