青藏高原羌塘盆地重磁剖面异常与基底构造特征

以穿越羌塘盆地的实测重磁剖面数据为基础,密切结合平面重磁异常资料,通过对重磁异常特征进行分析,采用位场转换和正反演拟合计算方法,推断了羌塘盆地的基底埋深、断裂构造及盆地样式,并对盆地的油气远景进行了探讨。认为南羌塘基底埋深浅,呈台阶状,且构造复杂,北羌塘埋深深,其间的龙木错-双湖构造带有明显的重磁异常显示。     

羌塘盆地综合地球物理剖面的模拟解释

根据羌塘盆地重磁震数据资料,使用GM SYS软件系统对重力、磁法及地震位图三种地球物理剖面进行处理解释,共完成4条地球物理剖面的模拟解释,并由其构组羌塘盆地地质-地球物理综合解释栅栏剖面图.地球物理剖面"栅状图"反映了研究区内深层勘探目标的变化趋势和构造特征,为使用重、磁、震资料进行非震地球物理反演提供了约束骨架.若结合研究区内钻孔及其他地质资料,可为盆地进行三维地球物理精细反演提供约束和初始模型.     

西藏西部措勤盆地措勤-洞错重、磁剖面的地质结构

为研究西藏措勤—洞错地区的地质结构,对2006年采集的1:50000重、磁剖面资料进行了分析、处理、曲线拟合计算与解释。结果表明,南端冈底斯基底走滑断隆带古生界褶皱基底很浅,缺失中生界;中部措勤盆地则埋深较大,最深可达9km,并表现为北深南浅的格局,主要充填了巨厚的中生界;北部班公湖-怒江缝合带的基底深度小于3km;剖面上羌塘地体的基底深度约3.5km。剖面中部措勤盆地北部坳陷与班公湖-怒江缝合带结晶基底磁性弱,北部和南部结晶基底磁性强。推断了12条断裂,其中F7断裂为措勤盆地北界,F1断裂为盆地南界。推断了6个花岗岩类岩体、2个蛇绿岩体及一套规模较大的火山岩,并描述了其地下赋存的特征。     

羌塘盆地高精度航空重磁调查对盆地基底性质与构造格局的启示

羌塘盆地是我国陆域面积最大的中生代海相沉积盆地,该盆地基底属性和深部构造特征尚未形成统一认识.最新获取的高精度航空重、磁资料发现北羌塘整体表现为"磁力高、重力低",南羌塘与之相反,并且北羌塘基底磁性明显强于南羌塘;基于航磁数据计算的基底深度显示出南、北羌塘具有明显差异,北羌塘基底深度普遍在7.0～15.0 km,凹陷中心多达6个;南羌塘基底深度稍浅,多在5.0～13.0 km,凹陷中心只有3个.南、北羌塘截然不同的重磁场特征表明羌塘盆地并不存在统一的前寒武系变质基底,南、北羌塘是两个完全不同的构造单元.E—W向的"中央隆起带"将羌塘盆地一分为二,使其整体呈现"两坳夹一隆"的构造格局,并可以进一步划分为31个凸起区和9个凹陷区.     

重磁资料在北黄海盆地综合地球物理解释中的应用

由于受多种因素的影响,北黄海盆地地震反射资料品质较差,信噪比较低,浅层多次波尤其是短周期多次波极为发育,中深层反射波组特征不明显,浅层出现强反射屏蔽现象,为此,采取重、磁、震三方面资料相结合的地球物理综合解释方法尤其必要。通过分析地球物理场特征,在对照分析重、磁、震平面和剖面资料的基础上,选取重点剖面线进行重、震联合反演并进行综合解释,提出了重磁解释结果与地震解释结果不吻合之处,为进一步研究北黄海盆地打下基础。     

云南昭通盆地重磁特征及其地质意义

以区域重磁资料为依据,结合地质资料以及前人的研究成果,分析昭通盆地的重磁特征,对反映昭通盆地的重力低异常进行处理和解释。利用以重力数据为主的基底密度界面反演和剖面反演,详细揭露昭通盆地的基底形态、地层发育特征以及断层构造的展布,并在此基础上分析断层及褶皱构造在盆地的巨厚褐煤层形成过程中的控制作用,更进一步确定了其为构造坳陷型盆地。     

大兴安岭中段地球物理特征及地质解释

以区域地质资料和物探资料为依据,对大兴安岭中段地区重、磁异常特征及其对应的地质情况进行综合解释,探讨区域矿产分布与重磁场的关系,以及不同属性矿产的磁异常特点,指出该区重磁异常对寻找多金属矿床有指导作用.     

大兴安岭中段地球物理特征及其地质解释

以区域地质资料和物性资料为依据 ,对大兴安岭中段地区重、磁异常特征及其对应的地质情况进行综合解释 ;探讨区域矿产分布与重磁场的关系 ,以及不同属性矿产的磁异常特点 ,指出该区重磁异常寻找多金属矿床有指导作用     

羌塘盆地那底岗日山前区的地球物理反演解释

利用传统的地球物理处理方法和最新非地震技术GM-SYS重磁震二维模拟系统相结合,对那底岗日山前区的重、磁资料进行模拟处理,得到那底岗日山前区综合解释成果图及走廊剖面解释栅状图,并给出该区的断裂展布、构造格架、火山岩分布和盆地基底等地质界面,为推断解释研究区的沉积分层、断裂格架、火山岩分布和基底起伏提供定量和定性依据。     

南黄海某典型剖面重磁震联合反演及综合解释

以航磁资料为主、结合其他地学信息,在南黄海海域选取具有典型性与代表性剖面,进行重磁震联合反演、综合地质地球物理解释,分析南黄海海域磁性基底性质、岩相结构和断裂构造特征,为进一步开展油气勘查、实现油气突破提供科学依据.     

Magnetic, Geochemical and Mineralogical Charac teristics of Soils in Qiangtang Basin, Tibet, China: Implications for Prospective Oil and Gas Land

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藏北羌塘盆地大规模古风化壳的发现及其意义

新的野外油气地质调查发现,在羌塘盆地中央隆起带及其两侧的南、北羌塘坳陷中,那底岗日组及其同沉积地层之下广泛发育了一古风化壳,古风化壳覆盖了石炭系、二叠系和前人已确定的三叠系肖茶卡组,具有区域性展布的特点。研究表明,不同地区古风化壳的形成时代不同：在南羌塘及中央隆起带上,风化剥蚀作用可能于晚二叠世就已开始,并经历了早、中三叠世的进一步演化;北羌塘地区的古风化壳形成时代可能为晚三叠世（或中三叠世）,至晚三叠世肖茶卡组沉积期,形成了南北羌塘统一的古风化壳,并被那底岗日组及其同沉积地层超覆。这些新发现对于重新认识羌塘盆地的沉积演化、正确评价羌塘盆地的石油地质条件具有重要意义。     

赣东北塔前-赋春成矿带画子山地区地球物理特征及找矿启示

画子山地区隶属于赣东北塔前-赋春成矿带,其具有地质条件复杂,深部成矿条件优越等特点。在复杂的地质条件情况下,对多种地球物理方法进行有机的结合,可较为客观的反映地下深部信息。而物性差异是地球物理方法的应用研究前提,首先对画子山地区的岩石标本进行物性分析。基于物性分析结果,在画子山地区针对性的布设两条（8 线和11 线）重力、磁法及可控源音频大地电磁法综合地球物理剖面,然后结合地质、物性、钻孔等资料对综合剖面进行解译,解译得到重力高值和低阻异常区是由矿化引起,磁异常带由蚀变所引起。最后通过分析综合剖面反映出地下的高密度体、高磁性体和低阻高极化体的分布规律,圈定出找矿的重点区域为万年群牛头岭组上段地层的西南方向,为画子山地区的下一步工作指明方向。     

Predicting bathymetry from Geosat-ERM and shipborne profiles in the South Atlantic Ocean

Portions of two Geosat-ERM altimeter tracks and corresponding suborbital shipboard gravity and bathymetry profiles in the South Atlantic Ocean were analyzed: one across the Walvis Ridge (about 1100 km long) and the other in the Brazil Basin (about 2300 km long). Together, these profiles sample those types of sea-floor topography which dominate the gravity signature at wavelengths of 20 to 300 km. The Walvis Ridge is a massive aseismic ridge and the Brazil Basin profile crosses both an old seamount (emplaced at the time the crust was young) and a very young mid-plate volcano. Both profiles cross fracture zones. After the gravity and bathymetry profiles were split into subprofiles, various cross-spectral characteristics could be determined by FFT techniques. Analysis showed that observed admittance is not well constrained by either an Airy-type or flexural compensation models across the Walvis Ridge, but those over the Brazil Basin can be readily explained by an Airy-type model with a mean crustal thickness of about 20 km.

A theoretical filter was then designed, based on a priori geological knowledge, and used to predict bathymetry from the high-passed gravity/geoid anomalies.

Not surprisingly, the predicted bathymetry shows more detailed and correct short-wavelength (20–300 km) features than those predicted from the historical data base, as represented e.g., by the DBDB5 gridded bathymetric model. For areas where historical shipboard bathymetry measurements are widely spaced (longer than about 10 km for single-beam data) but where some regional geologic information is available (such as the relative ages of mid-plate volcanoes and crust), bathymetry predicted from altimetric data can be used to upgrade regional bathymetrie data bases, on which regional geologic/geophysical understanding depends.     

华北板块北缘东段拼贴带地质—地球物理特征

华北板块北缘东段（吉林省境内）地质构造的研究历来为学者所关注,研究成果颇多。笔者通过最新的地质－地球物理资料的分析研究,认为：该带重磁场的总体特征,即近乐西向展布的地球物理场态,被北东向或与之相联系的其它方向的重磁场带或梯度带分隔、切割、和改造;区域构造框架－－古东西构造,为中生代北东向等构造改造、包容及其它各复合关系,具有较高的一致性。通过对该带的５个构造重磁场区段之一的富尔河区段的剖析,确证生     

南岭于都——赣县矿集区银坑示范区重磁资料探测花岗岩分布研究

银坑示范区位于中国东南部南岭东段于都—赣县矿集区内的银坑镇,具有良好的找矿前景。该区花岗岩与成矿关系密切。因此,系统探查花岗岩体分布是深部找矿的关键问题之一。笔者主要利用重力、磁力平面资料,并结合物性、地质、电法、地震等资料,综合研究了该区花岗岩空间分布特征。首先研究推断了该区6个花岗岩体的平面分布,其中,江背岩体、长潭岩体、高山角岩体为部分隐伏岩体;柳木坑岩体、葛凹圩浅部岩体和葛凹圩深部岩体为完全隐伏岩体。6个岩体总体走向为NE和NNE向。然后利用研究区内4条剖面重(磁)资料反演了花岗岩的空间分布,进一步揭示了上述6个岩体的空间分布特征,其推断成果与利用平面重、磁资料推断成果一致,也与电法、地震剖面解释结果一致。     

Structural Characteristics of the Basement beneath Qiangtang Basin in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Results of Interaction Interpretation from Seismic Reflection/Refraction Data

The studies on configuration, character/property of the basement of Qiangtang basin is helpful for evaluating petroleum and nature gas resources as well as understanding the basin evolvement. Recently a moderate to high-grade metamorphic gneiss rock was found underlying beneath very low metamorphic Ordovician strata in Mayer Kangri to the north of the central uplift. That fact actually proved existence of the crystalline basement just the distribution and structures of pre-Paleozoic crystalline basement still remain puzzle. In recent years a number of active sources deep seismic profiling, to aim at lithospheric structure of northern Tibet and petroleum resources of the Qiangtang basin, had been conducted that make it possible to image the structure of the basement of the Qiangtang. Near vertical reflection profiles, included those acquired previously and those during 2004 to 2008, have been utilized in this study. By through the interaction process and interpretation between the reflection profiles and the wide-angle profile, a model with the detailed structure and velocity distribution from surface to the depth of 20 km of Qiangtang basin has been imaged.Based on the results and discussions of this study, the preliminary conclusions are as follows: (1) The velocity structure section (~20 km) that is interactively constrained by the refraction and reflection seismic data reveals that the sedimentary stratum gently lie until 10 km in the south Qiangtang basin. (2) The basement consists of fold basement (the upper) and crystalline basement (the lower).The fold basement buried at the average depth of 6 km with a velocity of 5.2–5.8 km/s. The shallowest appear at range of the central uplift. The crystalline basement is underlying beneath the fold basement at the average depth of 10 km with a velocity of 5.9–6.0 km/s except near Bangong-Nujiang suture. (3) The high-velocity body at the depth range of 3–6 km of the central uplift is considered as a fragment of the crystalline basement that perhaps was raised by Thermal or deformation. (4) The lower-consolidated fold basement show more affinity of Yangtze block but the crystalline basement seems more approximate to Lhasa terrene in geophysical nature. We have attempted to improve the resolution and reliability by interaction of the active seismic data and prove it effective to image complex basement structure. It will be a potential to process the piggy-back acquisition data and has wide prospects.     

浅层地震勘探方法在金矿深部预测中的应用

地震勘探技术在石油、煤田和工程地质中得到了广泛应用，但在金矿和其它金属矿床中则有一系列的问题限制了它的应用。在分析了石油地震与金属矿地震不同点的基础上，简介了地震勘探方法的基本原理。然后给出了在金矿和其它金属矿区应用地震勘探方法的过程中各个环节所应该注意的问题，包括仪器的装备，野外施工方法和资料处理的流程及地质解释等，并通过在黑龙江乌拉嗄金矿的实际应用，得到了理想的效果。为隐伏矿床的精确定位预测提供了十分重要的地球物理资料。     

APPLICATION OF MAGNETOMETRIC DATA IN THE STUDY OF DEEP CRUSTAL STRUCTURE IN PLATFORM PROVINCES

Results of regional geophysical work in the U.S.S.R. allow a measure of correlation between the known structural features of the crust and those of the geomagnetic field. The “normal” magnetic field used for identifying magnetic anomalies is obtained by graphic smoothing of isolines of total intensity T. Detailed analysis of data obtained in aeromagnetic and gravity surveys throughout the U. S. S. R. leads to the conclusion that the cause of the observed regional magnetic and gravity anomalies lies in the same associated geologic objects located at the same level - that of a magnetoactive interval of the crystalline envelope of the earth. The conclusions that can be drawn from existing data are: 1) the existence of “continental” anomalies of the geomagnetic field cannot be explained as an effect of the crust; 2) the basaltic layer does not affect the distribution of the geomagnetic field; 3) the anomalies in the basic (normal) geomagnetic field are caused by the presence of thermomagnetic geologic bodies in the granitic layer; accordingly, it is theoretically possible to determine the thickness of the continental layer from magnetometric data. A table showing correlative depths of the basaltic layer, its thickness, and anomalous magnetic field, as well as magnetic profiles is included.--C. E. Sears.