新疆西准包古图地区斑岩铜矿找矿的重大突破及意义

新疆西准托里成矿带过去是以金矿、铬铁矿为主的找矿区，2001-2004年包古图地区铜矿找矿获重大突破。包古图铜矿与花岗闪长斑岩密切相关．金属矿物成分简单，矿石构造为细粒浸染状和细脉浸染状。矿石品位低、矿化均匀，矿床蚀变组合和分带特征明显，属典型斑岩型铜钼矿。包古图斑岩型铜矿的发现，在西准是首次，并且证明了哈萨克斯坦巴尔喀什斑岩铜矿带东延至中国境内。对西准地区今后的找矿工作将起到重要的推动作用。     

大兴安岭北段南木地区斑岩型铜矿地质特征与成矿预测

南木火山盆地位于大兴安岭中北段的林西-扎兰屯多金属成矿带中,是华北板块北部大陆边缘与西伯利亚板块东南陆缘增生带的交汇部位. 侵入岩以岩株、岩脉出露为特征,岩性以花岗斑岩、石英斑岩为主. 蚀变类型主要有绢云母化、褐铁矿化、硅化和绿泥石化,构成多条蚀变带. 在1:5万矿产调查评价工作基础上,采用激电中梯与激电测深两种方法进行金属矿产勘查. 研究发现低阻、高极化异常带与地表岩脉矿化部位及土壤地球化学异常吻合良好. 研究区圈定激电异常4处,测深穿过JD2高极化、中低阻层,推测地下存在含铜石英斑岩体. 综合地质、化探及物探特征,南木地区斑岩体、孔雀石化和激电异常均有存在,具有一定的深部找矿前景.     

Don Javier斑岩型铜钼矿床地质特征

Don Javier矿床是在秘鲁南部新发现的大型斑岩铜钼矿床,位于秘鲁古近纪斑岩型铜钼成矿带内。该矿区主要出露Yarabamba花岗闪长岩体,NW走向的矿体赋存于英安斑岩及其围岩中。主要的矿石矿物有黄铜矿、辉钼矿、辉铜矿等。矿化蚀变由内向外依次为钾化、石英-绢云母化、泥化、青磐岩化,具有典型斑岩型铜矿床的蚀变分带特征。矿体呈筒状,主要分布于石英-绢云母化蚀变带中。矿区内的英安斑岩有4期,其中的前2期与矿化有关,后2期为成矿后侵位。NW向断裂是区内主要的控矿构造,对成岩成矿具有控制作用。与同一成矿带内相邻的Cerro Verde超大型斑岩型铜矿床相比较,两者具有类似的成矿特征。找矿实践表明,强烈的蚀变带、低阻高极化激电异常是找矿的有效标志。     

新疆哈图-包古图金铜矿集区锆石年龄及成矿特点

晚古生代,新疆西准噶尔地区发生了强烈的构造-岩浆活动和广泛的金、铜成矿作用,形成了哈图-包古图大型金铜矿集区。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测量表明,含矿闪长岩体形成于312.3±2.2Ma～332.0±2.8Ma,矿集区岩浆活动及其成矿作用发生在石炭纪。哈图-包古图矿集区成矿作用有4个显著特点:(1)地幔流体活动强烈;(2)构造应力转化快速;(3)拉斑系列和钙碱性系列岩浆成矿;(4)多种矿化类型集中发育等。哈图-包古图矿集区发育石英脉型-蚀变岩型金矿床、斑岩型铜矿床和同期的石英脉型-蚀变岩型金矿床以及热液脉型铜金矿床的成矿系列。     

新疆包古图地区金矿床矿化类型和与围岩关系研究

西准噶尔包古图地区是新疆北部重要的金铜产地,已发现中型金矿床1处,金矿点20余处,大型斑岩铜（金、钼）矿床1处。金矿床按矿化类型可分为石英脉-蚀变岩型、蚀变岩型、辉锑矿-石英脉型、富硫化物型以及产于斑岩型铜矿中的伴生金。石英脉-蚀变岩型是最主要的矿石类型,构成包古图地区最主要的经济矿体。蚀变岩型是包古图地区近年来发现的新矿化类型,矿体由就位于NW向断裂中的蚀变凝灰质细砂岩和蚀变凝灰岩组成。辉锑矿-石英脉型矿石中含自然砷、自然锑、Paakkonenite、方锑金矿和硫锑金银矿等罕见矿物,这些矿物都与金矿化直接相关。富硫化物型矿石中,自然铋和辉铋矿与金矿化紧密相关。这些金矿化在空间上与中酸性岩体和岩体附近的岩脉关系紧密,成因上金矿化与岩体密切相关,而与岩脉关系不大。成矿元素在岩体中含量最高,其次为岩体附近的火山碎屑沉积岩,同一区域内岩脉的成矿元素含量最低,离岩体越远,成矿元素含量越低。Au与As、Sb、Bi之间具有不同程度的正相关性,As、Sb、Bi异常是该区找金的重要化探标志。中酸性岩体是最重要的找矿标志,岩体附近的断裂系统是金矿最有利的就位空间。     

青海省兴海县赛什塘铜矿的斑岩型矿化特征及其找矿前景

青海省兴海县赛什塘铜矿床中局部具斑岩型矿化的特征,该矿区中酸性侵入岩发育并具明显的多期次和多类型.该类铜矿化发生于中-酸性岩浆侵入活动末期的闪长玢岩、花岗闪长斑岩、斜长花岗斑岩、石英斑岩、爆破角砾岩中,围岩蚀变强烈且具分带性.加强对蚀变闪长玢岩、花岗闪长斑岩、斜长花岗斑岩、石英斑岩、爆破角砾岩发育地段的找矿工作,有望实现本区找矿新突破.     

赞比亚东部省宁巴多金属铜矿成矿模式探讨

国内外对铜矿床模式的研究日趋成熟。赞比亚铜矿主要以砂页岩型为主,斑岩型较少见。通过对研究区内成矿标志的分析与比较,有望找到一个斑岩型铜钼矿床。研究区构造以及岩浆热液活动明显,地表发现有铜蓝、孔雀石化、大量铁帽以及较多的黄铁矿化、黄铜矿化,蚀变主要有钾化、绢云母化、硅化、高岭土化等,矿区内存在一个北东向与北西向剪切带转折端。赋矿的花岗斑岩有一定规模,斑岩的分布、矿化异常、磁异常和激电中梯异常相互吻合,蚀变发育。区内铜、钼异常与出露的斑岩体范围相近,磁法测量显示为低缓负异常,电法呈现出极化率高、电阻率低的特征。激电显示近北东向低阻高极化异常区内,化探异常微弱,推测深部存在斑岩体及矿化体。综合分析,铜、钼矿化为花岗斑岩及剪切带联合控矿。     

新疆玉勒肯哈腊苏铜矿床地质特征及找矿方向

玉勒肯哈腊苏斑岩铜矿床位于新疆卡拉先格尔斑岩铜矿带.矿床主要赋存于花岗闪长斑岩、二长花岗斑岩及中泥盆统北塔山组辉斑玄武岩等火山岩中.矿区韧性剪切变形强烈,岩体和矿体糜棱岩化发育.矿区发育多种蚀变,由矿化岩体向外总体具钾长石化-黑云母化-硅化、绢云母化-青磐岩化蚀变分带特征.矿化主要分布于钾长石化-黑云母化-硅化蚀变带中.矿体呈脉状、透镜状、不规则状.矿化呈浸染状、团块状、团斑状、细脉浸染状和细脉状.成矿元素以铜为主,伴生金、钼、银.化探、磁法、激电测量及频谱激电测深等对矿区勘查工作具较好指示作用.矿区处于1∶5万物探激电异常和Au,Cu,Ag,Mo,Cr,Ni,Co等元素组成的化探异常中.从矿体不同勘探线剖面及水平标高的矿体形态及变化趋势分析,矿区南东深部有见矿可能,推断矿区北部频谱激电测深异常及1∶5万激电异常部位有矿体、矿化体存在.     

综合物探方法在西藏冈底斯成矿带西段鲁尔玛斑岩型铜(金)矿的找矿应用

鲁尔玛斑岩型铜(金)矿区位于冈底斯成矿带西段,是南拉萨微陆块中新发现的铜(金)矿,具有钾硅酸盐化、绢英岩化、青磐岩化等明显的斑岩型矿床蚀变特征,含矿斑岩为晚三叠世石英二长斑岩。通过1∶50000矿产地质专项填图、磁法扫描和水系沉积物测量发现了鲁尔玛地区铜金矿化线索,为进一步查明异常源属性和铜矿地质特征,在综合研究基础上实施大比例尺磁法、电法测量等物探工作,同时利用钻探和槽探施工进行异常查证,进而发现了铜(金)矿体。大比例尺激电、磁测和测深结果显示,发现矿化区域的北东部和深部存在低磁、低阻、高极化等有利异常,认为该异常区具有较大的找矿潜力,通过地质勘查工作可望提高铜金的资源量,扩大矿床规模。同时,对矿床发现和评价过程中找矿技术手段选择的实践表明,在高海拔地区采用高精度磁法和激电测量是快速圈定斑岩型铜矿靶区的有效勘查手段。     

西藏尼木县厅宫、白容铜矿区矿床地质的几个问题

近期钻孔资料揭示,西藏尼木县厅宫铜矿区主要为二长花岗(斑)岩、花岗闪长斑岩、钾长花岗(斑)岩和石英闪长玢岩构成的复式斑岩体,白容铜矿区的容矿岩石为花岗闪长斑岩、闪长玢岩,以及正长斑岩、安山玢岩脉;铜(钼)矿化呈面型分布,含矿斑岩体几乎全岩矿化,与围岩接触带附近矿化强度增强;矿化垂向厚度达数百米,强弱不均,自上而下可分为氧化带、过渡带、原生带;硅化、绢云母化、高岭土化、黄铁矿化等蚀变广泛而强烈.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)