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从射线声学和简正波声学的角度,概述了海洋声层析的基本理论,包括射线走时反演、简正波走时反演、简正波相位反演和简正波水平折射层析。海洋声层析以反演海水温度和流速为基础。还总结了声层析在海洋学研究中的应用。 相似文献
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综述了目前海洋声层析研究的两个热点问题 ,归纳了用声学方法监测气候变化和反演内波两个领域所取得的研究进展 ,总结了研究过程中存在的问题 相似文献
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综述了目前海洋声层析研究的两个热点问题,归纳了用声学方法监测气候变化和反演内波两个领域所取得的研究进展,总结了研究过程中存在的问题。 相似文献
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尚尔昌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,(1)
海洋声层析法作为检测海洋内部变化一有力手段,正面临着海洋声学大尺度观测新挑战。本文就海洋声传播的绝热近似;声传播时间的非线性偏移;声速剖面的线性及非线性反演等与声学大尺度观测相关的一些水声学问题的发展现状及存在问题等进行了综述性论述。文中还介绍了赫德岛预演实验等利用声层析法观测海洋内部变化的一些具体应用例 相似文献
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采用结合匹配法和经验正交函数法的射线声层析反演方法,针对流场水平分布不均匀特点,使用距离等效分段方法对反演算法进行改进,利用三个断面声层析数据,对胶州湾口潮流场的垂直和水平分布进行反演。与传统方法比较,大大降低与实测流速垂直分布间的偏差,平均偏差小于0.02 m/s,流场垂直分布间的相关系数提高到0.85以上。分析了声传播断面上不同的流场结构,以及涨潮期间在胶州湾团岛附近出现的涡流现象,并计算得到湾口海水流量变化。结果表明,改进的射线声层析反演方法可有效地用于水平分布不均匀流场监测,仅采用少量声学观测站位,即可获得大范围的复杂流场三维信息,有利于近海海洋资源开发、海洋环境保护和船舶航行安全。 相似文献
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浅海内波及声场起伏数值研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为探讨声学方法监测(反演)海洋内波的可行性,分析ASIAEX2001亚洲海海洋声学实验定点温度链实验数据,结果表明:实验期间存在M2内潮波、周期10~30min非线性内波现象,并观测到双温跃层同相传播“双非线性内波”。分别对垂直和平行于内波传播方向传播声场进行了数值计算分析。垂直于内波传播方向的声传播计算结果表明:简正波波数时间演化函数的频谱与内波引起的声速剖面变化频谱基本一致;简正波系数(模值)时间演化函数的频谱与内波引起的声源位置处的声速演化函数的频谱基本一致;高阶简正波波数差随时间的变化要比低阶简正波波数差小约1个量级。平行于内波传播方向的声传播计算结果表明:内潮波主要导致相邻简正波间耦合;非线性内波包能够导致跨号甚至垮多号简正波间耦合。讨论了2种海洋内波声学监测方法。 相似文献
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海洋中的低频(<1000Hz)声吸收主要决定于海洋的pH值.虽然测得的远程(1000km量级)声传播的绝对幅度相当复杂地依赖于海洋的介质和环境参数,但对不同频率间的相对吸收差的测量能给出有用的信息.此外,沿海面反射声线(RSR)的传播衰减还应附加上海面散射引起的损失.原则上通过比较发射和接收到的声信号的频谱能估算海洋的pH值和表面粗糙度.我们分析了北太平洋750km声传播实验的部分数据.实验结果与理论估算定性地相符,但其测量精度还不足以进行定量的比较(该实验并不是为测量相对吸收差而设计的).估算表明,为了获得0.05的pH测量精度,当信号频率为550±100Hz,传播距离为750km时,对北太平洋(pH≈7.7)和大西洋(pH≈8.0)海域分别需要对100和60个独立测量样本进行平均以消除内波及噪声引起的幅度谱畸变. 相似文献
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研究水的声吸收所引起的光声脉冲幅度的变化。脉冲声波由激光通过光击穿机制产生。文中给出了光声脉冲峰值声压与传播距离和声吸收系数之间的理论关系式。实验测量结果和理论曲线所描述的变化规律相符合。 相似文献
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The ocean acoustic tomographic (OAT) approach to sound speed field estimation is generalized to include a variety of sources of information of interest such as an oceanographic model of the sound speed field, direct local sound speed measurements, and a full field acoustic propagation model as well as measurements. The inverse problem is presented as a four-dimensional field estimation problem using a variational approach commonly used in oceanographic data assimilation. The current OAT approach is shown to be a special case of the general framework. The matched-field tomography (MFT) approach is also discussed within this context. A simple implementation of this novel approach is then investigated in the absence of a suitable oceanographic model, and acoustic propagation is accounted for using a standard parabolic equation model. The inverse equations derived are validated numerically through a simple inversion example, and some issues on environmental mismatch and computations are discussed. The developments then provide a basic framework for ongoing data-model melding in acoustically focused oceanographic sampling (AFOS) network 相似文献
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Computer simulation of coastal acoustic tomography with four, five, seven and nine stations was applied to two-dimensional
vortex fields of horizontal domain 5 km × 5 km. Travel time data obtained in reciprocal directions between all pairs of acoustic
stations were analyzed to reconstruct the vortex fields by the stochastic inverse method, reduced to the damped least squares
method. The weighting factor appearing in the inverse analysis was determined by applying the L-curve method, in which a point
making both the size of estimated error ‖y - Ex‖ and solution ‖x‖ as small as possible in a balance is specified as an optimum.
The performance of this method was examined using two-dimensional vortex models which have different wavenumber spectra and
adding the random error of different levels to the travel time difference data y. This study suggests that in the selection
of the optimal weighting factor the horizontal section of the simulated tidal vortex fields can be well reconstructed by the
coastal acoustic tomography system composed of five to seven acoustic stations located in the periphery of the vortex fields.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Enrico De Marinis Paola Picco Alessandro Crise Otello Gasparini Stefano Salon 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(S1):122-137
Abstract. This paper describes a new Ocean Acoustic Tomography (OAT) methodology - a passive tomography - presently in an advanced development phase. This technique has been developed for long-term, extensive, remote monitoring of the seawater temperature spatial distribution, which is estimated from the received noise emitted from ships of opportunity. To test the passive tomographic processor under controlled conditions, the components of the naval noise from different kinds of vessels was analysed and realistic naval noise was simulated. The feasibility of the proposed methodology was confirmed by test-runs on semi-synthetic data; its capability to resolve temperature profiles will be better assessed with the use of real acoustic and environmental data collected during the INTIMATE00 experiment performed in October 2000 in the Atlantic Ocean off the Portuguese coast. An analysis of the space and time variability of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) decomposition of the sound speed (SSP) in the Mediterranean Sea has been carried out to identify areas where acoustic tomography can be successfully applied. Results from simulations in the South Adriatic Sea, which was identified as a region with a high sound speed variability associated with the seasonal cycle and with the main oceanographic processes, are reported. 相似文献