渤海湾地区的中生代盆地构造概论

根据 1∶5 0万渤海湾新生代盆地区基岩地质图揭示的残留中生代地层的分布及构造变形特征 ,渤海湾地区的中生代盆地可以分为 5期。早—中三叠世、晚三叠世盆地为克拉通内部大型坳陷盆地 ,其中晚三叠世盆地仅分布在渤海湾西南部地区。早—中侏罗世盆地分布于印支运动形成的向斜坳陷核部 ,属于压陷挠曲型盆地。晚侏罗世—早白垩世盆地分布广泛 ,属于裂陷盆地 ;晚白垩世盆地属于后裂陷阶段的坳陷盆地。这些盆地受印支运动、燕山运动影响而发生反转。印支运动在渤海湾地区的东、西部的表现有明显差异。西部变形弱、以近EW向宽缓褶皱变形为主 ,东部变形强、并叠加了NE向褶皱和逆冲断层变形。早燕山运动使渤海湾地区形成宽缓的大型NE向褶皱变形 ,并使早—中侏罗世盆地发生反转和逆冲断层变形 ;中、晚燕山运动基本没有在渤海湾地区形成褶皱构造变形 ,而是表现为晚侏罗—早白垩世盆地和晚白垩世盆地的区域性反转隆升。下—中侏罗统沉积之后 ,渤海湾地区的构造格局发生基本变革 ,进入以裂陷盆地为主的构造演化时期。     

湘西沅麻盆地中新生代构造变形特征及区域地质背景

沅麻盆地是叠加在雪峰造山带中段的一个中生代大规模陆相盆地,盆地中新生代断裂、褶皱发育特征尚缺乏系统、深入的研究。本文通过构造剖面测制、野外路线调查并结合区域地质资料,对沅麻盆地中新生代构造格架、褶皱和断裂的发育特征、变形序列、时代及区域构造背景等进行了详细的分析研究,取得以下主要认识和进展。(1)NNE-NE向正断裂、逆断裂和平缓褶皱(主要为向斜)组成沅麻盆地的主体构造格架,同时发育其他多组不同方向、性质的褶皱和断裂。盆地西部和中部大部以正断裂为主,形成复杂的堑-垒构造格局,褶皱变形强度低;盆地东缘因区域怀化—沅陵断裂带控制而变形强烈,以多为东倾、少量西倾的逆断裂为主,常伴有倒转紧闭褶皱。(2)中三叠世以来沅麻盆地经历多期构造变形事件:1中三叠世晚期印支运动中受区域NW—NWW向挤压而形成NE—NNE向褶皱和逆断裂;2晚三叠世—早侏罗世期间受区域SN向挤压,形成EW向褶皱和膝折;3中侏罗世晚期早燕山运动中受区域NWW—近EW向挤压,形成盆地东缘上三叠统—中侏罗统卷入的SN向和NNE向褶皱和逆断裂;4早白垩世区域NW-SE向伸展作用下形成不同规模的NE—NNE向正断裂;5晚白垩世在区域SN向伸展体制下形成EW向正断裂;6古近纪中晚期受区域NE向挤压,形成卷入白垩系及先期地层的NW向褶皱、NW向逆断裂、NEE—NE向左行走滑(或兼逆冲)断裂、NNE向右行走滑断裂、NEE向与NNE向共轭剪节理等;7古近纪末—新近纪初在区域NW向挤压下,形成最新卷入地层为白垩系的NE向褶皱、NE-NNE向逆断裂、SN向逆断裂。上述多期变形中以早白垩世NW-SE伸展形成的正断裂和古近纪末—新近纪初NW-SE向挤压形成的褶皱和逆断裂最为重要,其次为中侏罗世晚期NWW—近EW向挤压下形成的褶皱和逆断裂。(3)前人提出的沅麻盆地东部及东侧外围地区发育的王炳坡、黄金坳、潭湾、麻阳等"飞来峰"构造并不存在,所谓"飞来峰"实为向下"生根"的断夹块,组成"飞来峰"的板溪群座立于古生界和中生界之中与逆冲断裂或正断裂活动有关。     

辽西彰武—黑山区逆冲推覆构造的发现及找煤意义

辽西彰武—黑山地区是阜新盆地外围重要的找煤远景区。通过对本区野外地质调查和室内地质资料的分析研究,识别出纬向EW构造带、NEE向华夏系构造带和NNE向新华夏系构造带;划分了近EW向、NE与NNE向褶皱-逆冲构造系,以及NW向、NE和NNE向张扭性断裂系;发现了一系列NE-NEE向的逆冲推覆断层、褶皱和被它们分割的岩体组成的逆冲推覆构造;在该逆冲推覆构造体下,发现了早侏罗北票组的煤系露头并圈出了赋煤预测区;指出NNE向新华夏系构造带中的凹陷是本区的找煤重点。      

北黄海盆地构造几何学研究新进展

北黄海盆地是发育于隆起背景之上的中、新生代沉积盆地。新一轮资源调查研究表明，北黄海中、新生代沉积盆地的基底由古生界沉积岩层和前寒武纪变质岩系等组成，盆地不同程度地发育下构造层（J3-K1）、中构造层（E2-E3）和上构造层（N）；从油气资源和中、新生代地层发育情况出发，将北黄海海域划分为辽东-海洋岛隆起区、北黄海盆地和胶北．刘公岛隆起区等3个一级构造单元，其中北黄海盆地包括6个二级构造单元和24个三级构造单元；盆地褶皱、断裂构造十分发育，褶皱构造可划分为区域挤压型、局部伴生型和披盖型等三类，断裂构造主要可见近EW—NE向、NW向和NNE向三组，其中近EW—NE向和NNE向断裂比较发育，控制着盆地隆、坳分布格局和沉积特征。     

湘中龙山地区变形序列及金锑矿控矿构造

龙山金锑矿区位于湘中盆地龙山穹窿内。关于湘中地区上古生界中不同方向褶皱和龙山穹窿的形成时代均存在多种观点,对龙山金锑矿区内含矿断裂的运动学特征和时代背景等缺乏观测和认识。鉴此,笔者等根据大量地表和井下露头构造观测和解析,结合区域构造特征、矿床地质特征和已有区域构造事件研究成果,厘定了龙山金锑矿及邻区的构造变形序列以及上古生界中褶皱和龙山穹窿的形成时代,探讨了构造控矿规律及动力学机制。主要成果认识如下：(1)研究区自早至晚经历了奥陶纪末—志留纪NW向挤压、中三叠世晚期NW向挤压、晚三叠世SN向—NNE向挤压、中侏罗世晚期NWW向挤压、白垩纪区域NW—SE向伸展和古近纪中晚期NE向挤压6期主要变形事件;(2)上古生界中NE向褶皱形成于中三叠世晚期,EW向褶皱形成于晚三叠世,NNE向褶皱形成于中侏罗世晚期;龙山穹窿形成于中三叠世晚期NE向复背斜与晚三叠世EW向复背斜的叠加;(3)两期复背斜核部因应力集中而更易形成导矿、容矿断裂,加之穹窿构造常伴随隐伏花岗岩体,导致龙山金锑矿定位于龙山穹窿的中部。龙山金锑矿的导矿构造为两期复背斜相关的NE向和EW向隐伏逆冲断裂;容矿构造为中三叠晚期形成的NWW...     

雪峰造山带靖州盆地断裂构造及其形成背景探讨

靖州盆地是位于雪峰构造带南段的一个NE向晚三叠世-中侏罗世小型陆相盆地。作者对盆地周缘上古生界及盆地侏罗系中不同产状与运动性质的小型断裂和节理进行了大量观察研究,据此识别出近SN向挤压、NNE向挤压、NEE向挤压、近EW向挤压、NW向挤压、NW向伸展等应力事件。根据断裂构造赋存层位和部分断裂显示的次序,结合靖州盆地构造特征及区域构造演化背景,初步厘定了研究区中生代以来构造体制演化过程:中三叠世晚期印支运动中区域NW向挤压;晚三叠世-早侏罗世区域近SN向挤压;中侏罗世早、中期区域NW向挤压;中侏罗世晚期因区域NE-NNE向溆浦-靖州断裂左行走滑而具SN向挤压;白垩纪因区域NE向挤压而形成NW向伸展;晚白垩世晚期-古新世溆浦-靖州断裂右行走滑派生NEE向挤压;始新世-渐新世区域近EW向挤压;新近纪区域NNE向挤压。     

湘东南印支运动变形特征研究

关于华南中三叠世晚期印支运动变形特征,一种观点强调其重要性或认为其形成了NNE向为主的上古生界盖层褶皱;另一种观点则认为印支运动强度不大,上古生界NNE向主体褶皱形成于燕山运动甚至更晚。鉴于此,本文重点对湘东南印支运动的构造线走向展开了研究,厘定其为NNE向,反映区域NWW向挤压作用。对资兴三都、宜章瑶岗仙、桂东沙田等晚三叠世—侏罗纪残留盆地进行的研究表明,早燕山构造层下伏不整合面切割了上古生界中NNE向褶皱;以NNE走向为轴将不整合面旋转至水平,恢复上古生界岩层走向及构造线方向为NNE向。不整合面之下的地层层位普遍存在沿东西方向的快速变化。以上表明湘东南印支运动构造线为NNE向而非EW向,区域挤压应力方向为NWW向而非SN向。其动力机制可能与扬子和华夏板块之间产生陆内汇聚有关。结合区域资料,认为印支运动中华南不同地区的构造背景及构造体制存在显著差异。     

湘中龙山地区变形序列及金锑矿控矿构

龙山金锑矿区位于湘中盆地龙山穹窿内。关于湘中地区上古生界中不同方向褶皱和龙山穹窿的形成时代均存在多种观点,对龙山金锑矿区内含矿断裂的运动学特征和时代背景等缺乏观测和认识。鉴此,本文根据大量地表和井下露头构造观测和解析,结合区域构造特征、矿床地质特征和已有区域构造事件研究成果,厘定了龙山金锑矿及邻区的构造变形序列以及上古生界中褶皱和龙山穹窿的形成时代,探讨了构造控矿规律及动力学机制。主要成果认识如下：（1）研究区自早至晚经历了6期主要变形事件：①奥陶纪末—志留纪NW向挤压;②中三叠世晚期NW向挤压;③晚三叠世SN向—NNE向挤压;④中侏罗世晚期NWW向挤压;⑤白垩纪区域NW—SE向伸展;⑥古近纪中晚期NE向挤压。（2）上古生界中NE向褶皱形成于中三叠世晚期,EW向褶皱形成于晚三叠世,NNE向褶皱形成于中侏罗世晚期;龙山穹窿形成于中三叠世晚期NE向复背斜与晚三叠世EW向复背斜的叠加。（3）两期复背斜核部因应力集中而更易形成导矿、容矿断裂,加之穹窿构造常伴随隐伏花岗岩体,导致龙山金锑矿定位于龙山穹窿的中部。龙山金锑矿的导矿构造为两期复背斜相关的NE向和EW向隐伏逆冲断裂;容矿构造为中三叠晚期形成的NWW向右行走滑断裂,晚三叠世形成的NNE向和NE左行走滑断裂、NW向右行走滑断裂。（4）区内矿体的高角度侧伏与含矿断裂运动方向低角度倾斜有关,而后者与盖层单向滑移导致区域最大主压应力倾斜有关。     

羌塘盆地构造应力场初步分析

地处青藏高原腹地的羌塘盆地构造以EW向褶皱和逆(冲)断层及NW向、NE向平移断层为主,偶见NW向、NE向褶皱和近SN向正断层。据构造组合分析、构造解析研究、数理计算及有限单元法模拟,盆地构造变形应力场最大主应力方位以近SN向为主,伴有NW-SE向、NE-SW向和近EW向。表明自印支运动以来长期处于SN向强烈挤压,伴随间歇性(或派生)NE-SW、NW-SE和近EW向挤压。      

长沙—湘潭一带第四纪断裂体系及形成背景探讨

长株潭地区第四纪断裂发育,但与其相关的研究工作非常薄弱。本文根据野外观测资料和第四纪沉积等厚图,结合前人已有资料,对长沙—湘潭一带第四纪断裂发育特征进行了归纳总结,初步厘定了第四纪断裂活动期次,探讨了断裂活动的时代和构造背景。区内第四纪规模断裂以NE向为主,次为NNE向和NW向,个别EW向~NWW向;不同走向断裂均可为正断裂或逆断裂;部分断裂为晚更新世以来仍有活动的活动断裂。湘潭九华奔驰路开挖剖面上产状陡倾的小断裂发育,并可分为NW向左行走滑断裂、NE向右行走滑断裂、EW向左行走滑断裂以及NNE向正断裂等4组。根据奔驰路小断裂的活动期次,结合规模断裂的发育特征和区域构造背景,初步总结提出长沙—湘潭地区第四纪断裂活动可分为4期:第一期为NE向、NNE向、NW向、EW向的规模正断裂和小型正断裂,形成于早更新世—中更新世中期的区域伸展构造环境;第二期为NE向~NNE向规模逆断裂,形成于中更新世晚期区域NW向挤压应力;第三期为奔驰路NW向左行走滑与NE向右行走滑小断裂,形成于中更新世末—晚更新世区域EW向挤压应力;第四期为NW向逆断裂及奔驰路EW向左行走滑小断裂,形成于晚更新世—全新世区域NE向挤压。上述第一期断裂可能与地幔上隆背景下深部物质迁出导致洞庭盆地及周缘产生伸展断陷有关;后3期断裂可能分别与菲律滨板块、青藏块体、印度—澳大利亚板块的挤压有关。本文研究反映出区域第四纪构造变形特征、构造体制及动力机制的复杂性。     

湘东南晚三叠世-侏罗纪沉积特征及盆地性质和成因机制

关于湘东南晚三叠世-侏罗纪沉积盆地性质存在挤压相关类前陆盆地及断陷盆地等不同认识。沉积物分布及岩相特征研究表明:湘东南晚三叠世-早侏罗世早期为海相-海陆交互相沉积环境, 早侏罗世晚期-中侏罗世早期为陆相沉积环境; 晚三叠世盆地为分布于茶陵-郴州大断裂东侧(上盘)的北北东-近南北向狭长海湾, 早侏罗世开始盆地向东、西两侧扩展; 晚三叠世-侏罗纪沉积横向上覆于相对较老的地层之上, 表明湘东南晚三叠世-侏罗纪盆地不是南北向挤压形成的类前陆拗陷盆地。结合区域构造背景, 提出盆地的形成主要与区域南北向挤压下先期北北东向断裂产生东西方向伸展有关, 一定程度上印证了印支运动构造线为北北东向。海相至陆相的演化过程暗示研究区以南在早侏罗世晚期开始因区域南北向挤压形成了东西向隆起, 说明盆地发育后期伸展活动的同时却处于区域挤压拗陷构造背景之中, 反映出晚三叠世-侏罗纪盆地演化期间华南地区伸展/挤压构造体制具复杂的时空变化。      

Jurassic extension and Cenozoic inversion tectonics in the Asturian Basin,NW Iberian Peninsula: 3D structural model and kinematic evolution

We constructed a geological map, a 3D model and cross-sections, carried out a structural analysis, determined the stress fields and tectonic transport vectors, restored a cross section and performed a subsidence analysis to unravel the kinematic evolution of the NE emerged portion of the Asturian Basin (NW Iberian Peninsula), where Jurassic rocks crop out. The major folds run NW-SE, normal faults exhibit three dominant orientations: NW-SE, NE-SW and E-W, and thrusts display E-W strikes. After Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic thermal subsidence, Middle Jurassic doming occurred, accompanied by normal faulting, high heat flow and basin uplift, followed by Upper Jurassic high-rate basin subsidence. Another extensional event, possibly during Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous, caused an increment in the normal faults displacement. A contractional event, probably of Cenozoic age, led to selective and irregularly distributed buttressing and fault reactivation as reverse or strike-slip faults, and folding and/or offset of some previous faults by new generation folds and thrusts. The Middle Jurassic event could be a precursor of the Bay of Biscay and North Atlantic opening that occurred from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, whereas the Cenozoic event would be responsible for the Pyrenean and Cantabrian ranges and the partial closure of the Bay of Biscay.     

山东鲁西地块断裂构造分布型式与中生代沉积—岩浆—构造演化序列

鲁西地块的断裂构造有两类不同分布型式:一类呈放射状分布, 由陡倾、基底右行韧性剪切带和盖层内复杂力学性质的断裂组成; 另一类呈环绕地块基底核部同心环状分布, 由3个主要盖层伸展拆离带组成, 主滑脱面分别位于古生界盖层与基底间的不整合面、石炭系与奥陶系之间的平行不整合面和中新生代断陷-沉积岩系与新生代火山-沉积物之间的断层。中生代构造变形样式可以分为3个层次:印支期褶皱-逆冲推覆构造、燕山中期NNE轴向的隔槽式箱状褶皱和燕山晚期NW、NNE向共轭正断-走滑断裂。相应地鲁西地块经历了3个成盆期, 即早-中侏罗世、早白垩世和晚白垩世, 这些中生代盆地在空间上的叠置导致了地块内部复杂的盆-山耦合关系。鲁西地块中生代有两个岩浆活动集中时期, 即早侏罗世(约190Ma)和早白垩世(132~110Ma)。综合沉积记录、岩浆活动和构造变形过程, 将鲁西地块中生代构造演化历史划分为6个阶段:晚三叠世挤压变形, 早、中侏罗世弱伸展作用, 中、晚侏罗世挤压变形与地壳增厚作用, 早白垩世大陆裂谷与地壳伸展作用, 早白垩世末期挤压变形与盆地反转事件和晚白垩世区域隆升。这些构造演化阶段和构造事件对研究和理解中生代构造体制和深部岩石圈动力学转换过程具有重要意义。      

Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basin Features and Evolution of Southeast China

The Late Triassic to Paleogene(T_3-E) basin occupies an area of 143100 km~2,being the sixth area of the whole of SE China;the total area of synchronous granitoid is about 127300 km~2;it provides a key for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China.From a new 1:1500000 geological map of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins of SE China,combined with analysis of geometrical and petrological features,some new insights of basin tectonics are obtained.Advances include petrotectonic assemblages, basin classification of geodynamics,geometric features,relations of basin and range.According to basin-forming geodynamicai mechanisms,the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin of SE China can be divided into three types,namely:1) para-foreland basin formed from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic(T_3-J_1) under compressional conditions;2) rift basins formed during the Middle Jurassic(J_2) under a strongly extensional setting;and 3) a faulted depression formed during Early Cretaceous to Paleogene (K_1-E) under back-arc extension action.From the rock assemblages of the basin,the faulted depression can be subdivided into a volcanic-sedimentary type formed mainly during the Early Cretaceous(K_1) and a red -bed type formed from Late Cretaceous to Paleogene(K_2-E).Statistical data suggest that the area of all para-foreland basins(T_3-J_1) is 15120 km~2,one of rift basins(J_2) occupies 4640 km~2,and all faulted depressions equal to 124330 km~2 including the K_2-E red-bed basins of 37850 km~2.The Early Mesozoic (T_3-J_1) basin and granite were mostly co-generated under a post-collision compression background, while the basins from Middle Jurassic to Paleogene(J_2-E) were mainly constrained by regional extensional tectonics.Three geological and geographical zones were surveyed,namely:1)the Wuyishan separating zone of paleogeography and climate from Middle Jurassic to Tertiary;2)the Middle Jurassic rift zone;and 3)the Ganjiang separating zone of Late Mesozoic volcanism.Three types of basin-granite relationships have been identified,including compressional(a few),strike-slip(a few), and extensional(common).A three-stage geodynamical evolution of the SE-China basin is mooted:an Early Mesozoic basin-granite framework;a transitional Middle Jurassic tectonic regime; intracontinental extension and red-bed faulted depressions since the Late Cretaceous.     

黔西罐子窑地区叠加变形及其对铅锌矿床的控制作用

黔西罐子窑地区位于扬子板块西南缘,自中生代进入板内发展阶段之后,发生了多期次复杂构造叠加变形。第一期变形(早燕山期:J3-K1)以自东向西挤压收缩为主,形成了近南北向的褶皱与断层构造体系,发育褶皱轴面以东倾、断层以向西逆冲滑脱占主导地位的变形特征。中上泥盆统火烘组、榴江组泥灰岩和硅质、钙质粘土岩为重要滑脱面,滑脱层本身变形复杂,其上部褶皱相对平滑开阔而下部褶皱相对紧闭。第二期变形(晚燕山期:K2-E)以自北向南挤压收缩为特点,横跨叠加在早期变形之上,表现为早期近南北向褶皱发生枢纽倾伏、断层发生张剪性活动,伴随多层次向南滑脱,在南部形成了轴面北倾的近东西向褶皱(局部倒转)和向南逆冲的断层,并切割南北向构造,喜山早期使得断裂再次活动与调整。区内铅锌矿体分为两类产出状态,一是顺层平缓产出,明显受顺层滑脱与低角度断层控制;另一类是陡倾产出,受陡倾张剪性断层控制。平缓者多形成于早、晚燕山期,而陡倾者多形成于构造转换期或喜山早期。     

Spatial analysis of thickness variability applied to an Early Jurassic carbonate platform in the central Southern Alps (Italy): a tool to unravel syn‐sedimentary faulting

Early Jurassic syn‐sedimentary extensional tectonics in the central Southern Alps controlled patterns of deposition within the Calcari Grigi carbonate platform. We used variogram maps to gather model‐independent information on the spatial distribution of thicknesses of selected platform units and investigated whether major syn‐sedimentary faults outlined subsiding domains during platform growth. Thicknesses display a spatial organization that suggests that large fault belts, often coincident with exposed Jurassic extensional structures, transected large parts of the platform. The network of four fault systems (trending NNW–SSE and NE–SW) displays orthorhombic symmetry, suggesting non‐Andersonian faulting and a true triaxial strain field with N100°E maximum extension or transfer shear zones connecting major NNW–SSE‐trending extensional faults. In both cases, inherited structures of Permian to Triassic age may have played a primary role in Jurassic faulting. If confirmed throughout the South‐Alpine domain, this arrangement could shed new light on Early Jurassic rifting mechanisms in the Southern Alps.     

Aspects of the structural evolution of the Lusitanian Basin in Portugal and the shelf and slope area offshore Portugal

The study provides a regional seismic interpretation and mapping of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic succession of the Lusitanian Basin and the shelf and slope area off Portugal. The seismic study is compared with previous studies of the Lusitanian Basin. From the Late Triassic to the Cretaceous the study area experienced four rift phases and intermittent periods of tectonic quiescence. The Triassic rifting was concentrated in the central part of the Lusitanian Basin and in the southernmost part of the study area, both as symmetrical grabens and half-grabens. The evolution of half-grabens was particularly prominent in the south. The Triassic fault-controlled subsidence ceased during the latest Late Triassic and was succeeded by regional subsidence during the early Early Jurassic (Hettangian) when deposition of evaporites took place. A second rift phase was initiated in the Early Jurassic, most likely during the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian. This resulted in minor salt movements along the most prominent faults. The second phase was concentrated to the area south of the Nazare Fault Zone and resulted here in the accumulation of a thick Sinemurian–Callovian succession. Following a major hiatus, probably as a result of the opening of the Central Atlantic, resumed deposition occurred during the Late Jurassic. Evidence for Late Jurassic fault-controlled subsidence is widespread over the whole basin. The pattern of Late Jurassic subsidence appears to change across the Nazare Fault Zone. North of the Nazare Fault, fault-controlled subsidence occurred mainly along NNW–SSE-trending faults and to the south of this fault zone a NNE–SSW fault pattern seems to dominate. The Oxfordian rift phase is testified in onlapping of the Oxfordian succession on salt pillows which formed in association with fault activity. The fourth and final rift phase was in the latest Late Jurassic or earliest Early Cretaceous. The Jurassic extensional tectonism resulted in triggering of salt movement and the development of salt structures along fault zones. However, only salt pillow development can be demonstrated. The extensional tectonics ceased during the Early Cretaceous. During most of the Cretaceous, regional subsidence occurred, resulting in the deposition of a uniform Lower and Upper Cretaceous succession. Marked inversion of former normal faults, particularly along NE–SW-trending faults, and development of salt diapirs occurred during the Middle Miocene, probably followed by tectonic pulses during the Late Miocene to present. The inversion was most prominent in the central and southern parts of the study area. In between these two areas affected by structural inversion, fault-controlled subsidence resulted in the formation of the Cenozoic Lower Tagus Basin. Northwest of the Nazare Fault Zone the effect of the compressional tectonic regime quickly dies out and extensional tectonic environment seems to have prevailed. The Miocene compressional stress was mainly oriented NW–SE shifting to more N–S in the southern part.     

燕山东段下辽河地区中新生代盆山构造演化

笔者通过分析燕山东段-下辽河地区的前中生代构造背景和中新生代盆山构造演化认为,该区中新生代的构造演化过程是在前中生代华北克拉通岩石图基础上发育起来的克拉通内(陆内或板内)盆山构造与挤压构造的交替演化过程,经历了早-中三叠世、晚三叠世-早侏罗世、中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪、新生代5个盆山构造演化阶段和中三叠世末、早侏罗世末、晚侏罗世末和白垩纪末、老第三纪末5期挤压作用。每次挤压作用都使得早期盆地萎缩或消亡,造成早期盆地反转。中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪和新生代三个阶段的伸展作用形成中-晚侏罗世断陷盆地、白垩纪断陷盆地和新生代裂谷盆地。在这一构造演化过程中,挤压作用和伸展作用交替出现,挤压构造和伸展构造间互发育。      

论鄂尔多斯盆地及其周缘侏罗纪变形

侏罗纪是东亚大地构造发展的重要转折时期,在鄂尔多斯盆地及其周缘可划分为两个性质不同的构造变形阶段。早中侏罗世,盆地处于弱引张应力环境,引张方向近N-S至NNE-SSW向,伸展变形主要发生在盆地周边地带,其发生与晚三叠世华南-华北地块沿秦岭造山带碰撞后的陆内应力场调整作用有关。中晚侏罗世,盆地遭受多向挤压应力作用,挤压方向近W-E、NW-SE和NE-SW,在盆地周缘形成展布方向不一、构造样式不同的边界挤压构造带,盆地轮廓基本定型。西缘近N-S向逆冲-推覆构造带的形成与阿拉善地块和陇西地块向东挤出作用有关;东缘及东南缘总体呈“S”形展布的挤压边界带表现为反向逆冲断裂及其相关褶皱,推测发生在山西台褶带深部滑脱系统的前锋上盘断坡。盆地北侧大青山地区近东西向大型推覆构造和早中侏罗世伸展断陷盆地构造挤压反转,表明阴山造山带在中晚侏罗世时期强烈的N-S向缩短变形和再生造山。鄂尔多斯盆地周缘边界构造带记录了中晚侏罗世强烈的陆内多向内挤压作用和大陆地壳增厚过程,其发生的动力学背景与周邻不同板块(古太平洋、西伯利亚、特提斯)同时向东亚大陆汇聚产生的远程效应有关。中晚侏罗世多向挤压变形加速了鄂尔多斯盆地生烃过程,对多种能源矿产富集和成藏定位产生重要影响。