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分别用地塞米松(Dexamethasone,DEX)和过氧化氢(H2O2)处理合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata),研究其对贝珍珠层和基质蛋白表达的影响。扫描电镜观察显示,DEX可促进珍珠层生长,H2O2则抑制珍珠层生长。体外碳酸钙结晶实验表明,DEX处理组间液蛋白调控文石生成的趋势加强,并加速碳酸钙结晶速率;H2O2处理组相反。实时定量PCR实验显示,DEX处理组TGFβ和NF-кB信号通路关键因子pf-smad3、pf-rel等和基质蛋白Nacrein等基因表达水平明显降低,H2O2作用组则显著上升。由上述结果推测,DEX和H2O2可通过抑制或激活合浦珠母贝的TGFβ和NF-кB信号通路,从而调控与珍珠层形成相关的基质蛋白的表达,并影响珍珠层的结构;同时暗示贝的免疫体系和矿化系统可能存在协同作用,该作用机制具有生物进化学意义,并对养殖珍珠的培育具有借鉴作用。 相似文献
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从厚网藻(Pachydictyon coriaceurn Okamura)中提取粗脂肪,经硅胶柱用3种溶剂洗脱,得到乙醇、苯及石油醚3种洗脱组分,它们分别占总洗脱组分的94.4%,3,0%和2,6%。色谱一质谱(GC-MS的化学分析结果表明,石油醚洗脱组分主要为C15~C29系列烷烃化合物,而苯洗脱组分只含有一种化合物即1-Naphthalenamine,N—Phenyl(一种含苯基的蔡胺化合物)。抑菌实验显示3种洗脱组分分别对供试的真菌具有抑制作用,其中石油醚洗脱组分能够抑制中华根霉(Rkimpus chinensi)、产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum)和稻瘟病菌(Piriculari aor32ae)3种真菌.而乙醇洗脱组分只能抑制中华根霉,但其抑制活性最强。3种洗脱组分中只有乙醇洗脱组分具有抗细菌(枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillussubtili)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureu)、膝黄八叠球菌(Sarcina haea)和甘薯薯瘟病原细菌(Fasarium axyssporam)活性。 相似文献
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褐藻酸钠硫酸酯是以褐藻酸为原料合成的硫酸酯钠盐系列物。首次报道该系列化合物(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,主要是Ⅰ)的抗血栓和抗凝血作用。实验发现,褐藻酸钠硫酸酯系列物均有抗凝血作用。其作用具有浓度和磺化度依赖性。实验测定化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的抗凝效价,分别相当于肝素钠的22.5%,16.7%,11.1%和11.7%。以该化合物10mg·kg-1静脉注射能增加小鼠的出血量并能抑制大鼠实验性动脉血栓的形成。化合物Ⅰ还具有延长大鼠凝血酶原时间和抑制静脉血栓形成的作用。结果提示:褐藻酸钠硫酸酯的抗凝血与抗血栓作用的活性基团可能为该化合物上的硫酸根,具有肝素样作用。 相似文献
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褐藻酸钠硫酸酯的抗凝血及抗血栓作用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
褐藻酸钠硫酸酯是以褐藻酸为原料合成的硫酸酯钠盐系列物。首次报道该系列化合物(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,主要是Ⅰ)的抗血栓和抗凝血作用。实验发现,褐藻酸钠硫酸酯系列物均有机凝血作用,其作用具有浓度和磺化度依赖性。实验测定化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ的抗凝效价,分别相当于肝素钠的22.5%,16.7%,11.1%和11.7%。以该化合物10mg·kg^-1静脉注射能增加小鼠的出血量并能抑制大鼠实验性动脉血栓的形成。化合 相似文献
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对采自我国南海海域的蓖麻海绵Biemnasp .的化学成分进行了研究。从中分离出 4个结晶化合物。经FT -IR ,MS ,1 HNMR ,1 3 CNMR ,DEPT等波谱方法鉴定分别为正二十八酸(Ⅰ) ,正十六酸 (Ⅱ) ,穿贝海绵甾醇 (Ⅲ )和biemnamide (Ⅳ )。报道了 (Ⅰ) ,(Ⅱ) ,(Ⅲ )的化学结构和 (Ⅳ )的生理活性 相似文献
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生长激素与胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ对马氏珠母贝壳生长形成相关基因表达的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了外源生长激素与胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ处理对马氏珠母贝Pinctada fucata Gould胰岛素相关多肽受体基因(irr)和5种壳基质蛋白基因(nacrein、efcbp、n19、aspein及accbp)表达水平的影响。结果表明,激素处理显著提高了irr基因的表达水平(P<0.05),这与其在软体动物中作为胰岛素样生长因子受体的作用相一致。nacrein基因的表达水平在激素处理组也有显著升高(P<0.05),表明生长激素与胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ两种外源激素都增强了马氏珠母贝的生长代谢水平;与对照组相比,n19、aspein与accbp3个基因的表达水平在激素处理组均下调(P<0.05),说明这3个基因的表达受到激素调节通路的抑制作用。此外,研究发现aspein与accbp两个基因的表达在各个实验样本中具有极高的相关性,说明这两个基因在激素通路中可能受到同一个上游因子调控。efcbp基因表达水平在激素处理组与对照组之间表达稳定,各样本之间无显著性的变化(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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克隆得到了合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)PF-CREB3L2蛋白的c DNA序列,其c DNA全长1 983 bp,其中开放阅读框长度为1 728 bp,编码的蛋白含有575个氨基酸残基。组织表达分布实验发现,其在合浦珠母贝内脏囊中表达量最高,在外套膜和鳃中也有大量表达,推测其广泛参与合浦珠母贝的贝壳形成等生理活动。贝壳损伤修复实验中发现,在合浦珠母贝贝壳受到损伤后,PF-CREB3L2和基质蛋白的表达量会迅速上升,且PF-CREB3L2的峰值出现更早,推测其通过影响基质蛋白转录,参与合浦珠母贝生物矿化的调控过程。PF-CREB3L2与合浦珠母贝基质蛋白表达相关性的分析发现,PF-CREB3L2与Prisilkin39、KRMP的表达量呈现显著的正相关,说明其可能特异性地调控某些基质蛋白的转录。 相似文献
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首次在长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)中克隆得到一种新的贝壳基质蛋白nacrein-like protein F3的全长c DNA序列。nacrein-like protein F3基因c DNA全长1499bp,其中编码区长度为1242bp,编码一条含413个氨基酸残基的多肽链。氨基酸序列比对和结构域分析均表明其为合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)nacrein的同源蛋白,含有1个保守的α-碳酸酐酶结构域,但由于重复结构域的插入,α-碳酸酐酶结构域被间隔成2个亚结构域。系统进化分析显示nacrein-like protein F3与贻贝(Mytilus californianus)nacrein-like protein进化关系最近。此外,在软体动物中,双壳纲nacrein-like proteins进化速度相对较快,推测与寒武纪时期剧烈的环境变化有关,如影响贝壳形成的海水化学变化。 相似文献
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探讨了壳寡糖及全乙酰壳寡糖的制备方法,通过正交实验考察了原料、温度、时间对降解产物的影响.制备了八种寡糖(八乙酰壳二糖、十一乙酰壳三糖、十四乙酰壳四糖和十七乙酰壳五糖,以及N,N′-二乙酰壳二糖、N,N′,N″-三乙酰壳三糖、N,N′,N″,N′′′四乙酰壳四糖和N,N′,N″,N′′′,N′′′′-五乙酰壳五糖),并通过IR、NMR及MS等确定了其化学结构. 相似文献
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Coastal and estuarine habitat mapping, using LIDAR height and intensity and multi-spectral imagery 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Guillem Chust Ibon Galparsoro ngel Borja Javier Franco Adolfo Uriarte 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,78(4):633-643
The airborne laser scanning LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) provides high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTM) that have been applied recently to the characterization, quantification and monitoring of coastal environments. This study assesses the contribution of LIDAR altimetry and intensity data, topographically-derived features (slope and aspect), and multi-spectral imagery (three visible and a near-infrared band), to map coastal habitats in the Bidasoa estuary and its adjacent coastal area (Basque Country, northern Spain). The performance of high-resolution data sources was individually and jointly tested, with the maximum likelihood algorithm classifier in a rocky shore and a wetland zone; thus, including some of the most extended Cantabrian Sea littoral habitats, within the Bay of Biscay. The results show that reliability of coastal habitat classification was more enhanced with LIDAR-based DTM, compared with the other data sources: slope, aspect, intensity or near-infrared band. The addition of the DTM, to the three visible bands, produced gains of between 10% and 27% in the agreement measures, between the mapped and validation data (i.e. mean producer's and user's accuracy) for the two test sites. Raw LIDAR intensity images are only of limited value here, since they appeared heterogeneous and speckled. However, the enhanced Lee smoothing filter, applied to the LIDAR intensity, improved the overall accuracy measurements of the habitat classification, especially in the wetland zone; here, there were gains up to 7.9% in mean producer's and 11.6% in mean user's accuracy. This suggests that LIDAR can be useful for habitat mapping, when few data sources are available. The synergy between the LIDAR data, with multi-spectral bands, produced high accurate classifications (mean producer's accuracy: 92% for the 16 rocky habitats and 88% for the 11 wetland habitats). Fusion of the data enabled discrimination of intertidal communities, such as Corallina elongata, barnacles (Chthamalus spp.), and stands of Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis, which presented misclassification when conventional visible bands were used alone. All of these results were corroborated by the kappa coefficient of agreement. The high classification accuracy found here, selecting data sources, highlights the value of integrating LIDAR data with multi-spectral imagery for habitat mapping in the intertidal complex fringe. 相似文献
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Adsorption and desorption of proteins and polyamino acids by clay minerals and marine sediments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The adsorption and desorption of proteins and polyamino acids on illite, montmorillonite, goethite, and marine sediments was investigated. Three 14C-labeled hydrophilic proteins, Rubisco from C. reinhardtii, and GroEL and GroES from genetically modified Escherichia coli, were synthesized and purified for this study. The proteins were strongly and rapidly adsorbed by the clay minerals and marine sediments, and much of the adsorbed protein was not readily desorbed. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) extraction and separation by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sucrose density gradients showed that Rubisco and GroEL were adsorbed on illite and sediments in their original forms. The apparent adsorption partition coefficients of the proteins were on the order of 102 l/kg on illite, 103–104 l/kg on goethite and montmorillonite, and 200 and 75 l/kg on Skan Bay and Resurrection Bay (Alaska) sediments, respectively. These partition coefficients are sufficiently large to permit sedimentary protein preservation via an adsorptive mechanism. Generally, basic polyamino acids had greater adsorption partition coefficients than acidic polyamino acids. Molecular size did not affect the electrostatic interaction between polyamino acids and mineral surfaces. Adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and negatively charged polyamino acids inhibited Rubisco adsorption, while positively charged cytochrome c and polyamino acids increased Rubisco adsorption. These results indicate that electrostatic interactions dominated in protein adsorption. 相似文献