手机气象短信服务效益评价

广东省气象服务中心开展手机气象短信服务已有10年的历程。广东手机气象短信传输平台不仅为公众提供天气信息服务,近几年在公共事件应急、重大天气预警服务中也扮演着重要角色。总结气象短信在应对重大灾害性天气、突发公共事件应急服务的特点、社会效益和气象短信采编技巧,有利于进一步做好手机气象短信服务,推动新业务服务的发展。结果得出在重大天气以及公共突发事件中,短信发送平台提速是关键,是实现更大范围公众服务的基础。指出气象短信提醒语的采编只要抓住公众之所求,给公众意想不到的温馨提醒和人文关怀,就能引起用户的共鸣,就能做到超价值服务。手机气象短信不但为公众提供了气象保障,在构建社会和谐稳定方面也间接地发挥着重大作用。手机气象短信业务未来一段时间仍有很大的服务空间和发展空间。     

喀什地区开展气象短信服务工作的现状及思考

气象短信服务是公共气象服务的重要组成部分,是公众获得气象信息的有效方式和途径.气象短信用户受天气、季节、营销的变化而波动,大力加强与通信运营商的合作,有针对性地开展气象短信宣传和营销,是推广、增加气象短信用户的有效措施.     

探讨气象短信的发展之路

通过对气象短信的定制模式和广告宣传方面的探讨,认识到气象短信服务是目前气象部门传播气象预警信号一个重要的现代通信手段,能使气象灾害预警服务更具时效性;气象短信的发展壮大关系到方方面面。     

海南省气象局"气象短信"服务系统

介绍了海南省气象局"气象短信"服务系统的业务流程,它是基于Microsoft Windows 2000(或WindowsXP)操作系统和Microsoft SQL Server 2000数据库下开发的短信服务系统,实现了气象短信信息的自动和人工入库,自动化收发短信功能,手机用户对气象短信有订阅,退订功能,同时实现手机用户实时点播气象短信和个性化的发送短信方式,并实现了使用web页面管理气象短信系统的功能.系统设计实时性高,自动化程度较好,操作简单,功能齐全,具有一定的扩展性.     

浅谈如何做好青海气象短信的客服工作

根据青海省气象短信服务平台两年多的工作实践,针对手机气象短信用户服务工作中存在的问题,从产品质量提高、短信亲和力、根据用户的不同需求提供个性化服务、丰富气象信息服务产品和加强用户服务工作、认真对待并及时妥善处理用户投诉意见等方面,探讨了扩大用户资源、拓展手机气象短信服务市场的前景。     

探讨气象短信的发展之路

通过对气象短信的定制模式和广告宣传方面的探讨，认识到气象短信服务是目前气象部门传播气象预警信号一个重要的现代通信手段，能使气象灾害预警服务更具时效性；气象短信的发展壮大关系到方方面面。     

浅谈气象短信的“自助餐”服务模式与气象科普

本文结合天津市气象局和中国移动通信集团天津有限公司在2008年的气象短信推动工作取得的成功,对气象短信的“大众餐”服务模式和“自助餐”服务模式进行了分析对比,结果认为：这两种模式的长期互补共存更有利于手机气象短信市场的持续发展。另外,本文还探讨了手机气象短信在普及气象知识和防灾减灾知识上的特殊作用。     

如何做好气象短信的编辑工作及今后发展方向

本文介绍气象短信的特点,突出了气象短信与人们生活息息相关,成为人民生活的重要组成部分;重点阐述气象短信的特色及不同类型气象短信的编辑方法;对气象短信编辑中出现的常见问题进行总结,对提高气象短信编辑质量提出了具体的建议;气象短信应采取相应措施,建立综合服务平台,推出适合不同层次不同用户需求的气象短信业务以及开发新的气象短信服务方式。     

如何做好气象短信的编辑工作及今后发展方向

本文介绍气象短信的特点,突出了气象短信与人们生活息息相关,成为人民生活的重要组成部分;重点阐述气象短信的特色及不同类型气象短信的编辑方法;对气象短信编辑中出现的常见问题进行总结,对提高气象短信编辑质量提出了具体的建议;气象短信应采取相应措施,建立综合服务平台,推出适合不同层次不同用户需求的气象短信业务以及开发新的气象短信服务方式.     

浅谈手机气象短信

手机气象短信是近两年发展起来的一种具有新闻性的通俗化、人性化的气象科技服务产品,它具有传输速度快、覆盖面广等优点.本文从气象短信的定位出发,结合各地的气象短信,从短信的创意和编写两方面提出一些意见.     

加强业务管理提高测报质量

我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格.     

Quantifying the uncertainty of the annular mode time scale and the role of the stratosphere

The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features.     

由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑

2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡.     

On the forecast of the onset and end of the convective season in the Amazon

Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature (SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds. Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early) onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases. The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region. The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed. Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002     

Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale

2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness.     

准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响

NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。     

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Low-level Jets in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River during the Mei-yu Season

Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230...     

流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用

本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用.