非线性编辑网络系统在电视气象节目制作中的应用

本文介绍了非线性编辑网络系统建设对气象影视制作带来的优点,并具体介绍了该系统建设的工作流程和软硬件要求,探讨了非线性编辑网络系统在解决影视技术剪辑、影视素材存档、影视节目审查等方面的可行性,并结合杭州市气象局目前已经在试运行的编辑网络系统工作经验,提出了非线性编辑网络系统建设的几点思考。     

非编的发展对气象影视节目的提高

目前非线性编辑系统已经成为电视节目编辑的主要方式,同时也在气象影视节目的制作过程中得到了广泛的应用,随着非线性编辑系统技术的飞速发展,功能的日益增强,对气象影视节目从内容到形式都有了很大的提高。     

气象影视节目制作中设备的综合运用

文章通过一段气象节目制作的实例,浅析了气象影视节目制作中各种主要设备的综合使用及切换台和非线性编辑系统的主要工作原理.     

非线性编辑技术在电视气象节目制作中的应用

随着电视节目制作技术的发展,老百姓对电视气象节目的要求也在不断提高。本文以大洋X-9000非线性编辑系统为基础,详细讨论了非线性技术在电视气象节目制作中的各种应用方式。     

非线性编辑与线性编辑在气象电视节目中的使用

通过对非线性编辑与线性编辑两者的概念及其特点、优势的介绍,指出在气象电视节目的后期制作中,怎样恰当地选择使用非线性编辑、线性编辑或二者同时使用。     

气象影视素材数字化存储系统的设计及应用

介绍了利用非线性编辑系统和磁盘阵列等相关设备,对河南省气象影视中心保存的视音频素材进行数字化处理的方法,以及利用SQL数据库技术和ASP.NET编程语言,实现气象影视素材的数字化采集、信息标引编目、存储及管理、检索及共享等功能,建立河南省气象影视素材存储系统的关键技术。     

非线性编辑与线性编辑在气象电视节目中的使用

通过对非线性编辑与线性编辑两者的概念及其特点、优势的介绍，指出在气象电视节目的后期制作中，怎样恰当地选择使用非线性编辑、线性编辑或二者同时使用。     

气象影视素材数字化存储系统的设计及应用

介绍了利用非线性编辑系统和磁盘阵列等相关设备，对河南省气象影视中心保存的视音频素材进行数字化处理的方法，以及利用SQL数据库技术和ASP．NET编程语言，实现气象影视素材的数字化采集、信息标引编目、存储及管理、检索及共享等功能，建立河南省气象影视素材存储系统的关键技术。     

榆林现代农业精细化服务平台研究与设计

以现有气象监测数据、格点预报、农业服务研究成果为基础,运用3S、大数据融合技术,建设集监测、服务为一体的榆林现代农业气象服务系统,形成WEB+手机APP的智慧农业气象服务平台,实现了监测自动化、预报精细化、服务系列化、传输网络化和人员专业化的精细化农业气象服务。平台的建设对满足现代农业生产的气象需求和推动榆林智慧农业气象服务工作具有重要意义。     

地市级气象业务系统的结构和业务现代化建设

地市级气象业务的结构由信息采集,信息传输及综合处理,气象产品加工制作、气象服务四部分组成。在业务现代化建设方面应该以信息采集的准自动化,信息传输的网络化,信息综合处理的标准化,气象产品加工制作的客观定量化为目标。气象服务系统建设要偏重于改变落后的服务方式,提高服务产品的质量,向服务的专业化、系列化和直观、形象、快捷方向发展。     

加强业务管理提高测报质量

我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格.     

Quantifying the uncertainty of the annular mode time scale and the role of the stratosphere

The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features.     

由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑

2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡.     

On the forecast of the onset and end of the convective season in the Amazon

Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature (SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds. Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early) onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases. The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region. The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed. Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002     

Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale

2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness.     

准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响

NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式（SOCRATES）移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡（QBO）对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。     

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Low-level Jets in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River during the Mei-yu Season

Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230...     

流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用

本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用.