青海沱沱河地区乌石峰蛇绿混杂岩的地球化学特征及其形成环境

青海沱沱河地区乌石峰蛇绿混杂岩位于西金乌兰-风火山逆冲带中。通过对其岩石学和全岩地球化学研究,探讨了蛇绿混杂岩的构造类型及其形成环境。晚古生代乌石峰蛇绿构造混杂岩的岩石组合以及蛇绿混杂岩中玄武岩类岩石(主要为辉绿岩及辉长岩)的地球化学特征对构造环境的指示表明:其地球化学特征与MORB相似,超基性岩和基性岩形成于大洋板内环境与洋中脊环境的复合构造环境中。是古特提斯洋洋盆残片,体现了古特提斯洋壳的闭合位置,是古特提斯洋在早二叠世末闭合过程中形成的增生楔的一部分。     

四川西昌盆地下二叠统层序地层及其演化

运用层序地球化学方法和原理,结合详细的露头层序地层学研究,对西昌盆地下二叠统进行了层序划分和对比。结果表明西昌盆地下二叠统地层可划分为1个二级层序、2个层序组和6个三级层序。P1q层序组(三级层序1、2、3)构成该二级层序的LST和TST,三级层序4下部发育的(茅口组底部)凝缩层相当于二级层序的最大海泛面,而P1m中上部(三级层序4中上部和三级层序5、6)则构成该二级层序的HST。西昌地区下二叠统层序发育形成过程,总体表现为海平面上升和盆地不断向古陆超覆。沉积序列、古氧相含量、锶含量、碳氧同位素和TOC的变化旋回揭示西昌盆地早二叠世经历了6次三级海平面变化旋回(6个三级层序),在华南地区乃至全球范围内均可进行对比。建立的层序充填模式揭示出Hercynian早期全球海平面上升,盆地不断向古陆超覆,奠定了早二叠世西昌海域盆地的轮廓。     

东天山莫哲巴依萨依环状基性超基性杂岩体研究

本文对莫哲巴依萨依环状基性超基性杂岩体的岩石学、岩石地球化学特征进行了较全面的论述。它们属铁质基性、超基性岩,为同源岩浆分异而成,其成因类似于阿拉斯加型同心环状超镁铁质杂岩。形成时代为晚石炭世—早二叠世。     

新疆坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体SHRIMP U-Pb和矿石Re-Os同位素定年及其意义

坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体位于塔里木板块东北部北山裂谷带内,岩体侵位于下石炭统红柳园组.前人根据岩体侵位地层的时代,间接推断出该岩体形成年龄为晚石炭世一早二叠世.文章对坡北基性-超基性岩带的10号岩体辉长岩和浸染状矿石分别进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb、Re-Os定年和Sr-Nd同位素示踪研究,获得岩体的辉长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄信息比较分散,其表面年龄信息从古生代-新元古代-古元古代-新太古代均有显示,揭示了新疆塔里木板块东北部北山裂谷带内的基性-超基性岩体的形成经历了复杂的地质演化历史.所获得的主体锆石的年龄为(289±13)Ma(95%可信度),与岩体侵位于下石炭统红柳园组的地质事实相吻合,可能代表了岩体形成的时间,而年龄信息(2 559～2 589 Ma)暗示了北山地区可能存在古元古代一新太古代的结晶基底.获得浸染状铜镍硫化物矿石的Re-Os等时线年龄为(413±20)Ma(95%可信度),该年龄不仅大于含矿超基性岩体(289 Ma)的形成时代,而且也老于岩体所侵入的下石炭统红柳园组的地层时代,显然与宏观的地质证据相悖.Sr-Nd和Os同位素特征研究表明,坡北岩带在约280 Ma前成岩成矿时,岩浆在从地幔源区侵入到地壳过程中受到了地壳物质混染,致使浸染状矿石的Re-Os同位素体系呈二元混合体系,因此浸染状矿石Re-Os同位素体系确定的等时线疑为假等时线,其年龄不能代表矿床形成时代或不具有确切的地质意义.铜镍矿化无论从时间上还是空间上都与岩体的侵位密切相关,矿床成因类型又为岩浆熔离型矿床,表明坡北10号铜镍硫化物矿床的成岩成矿时间应发生在晚石炭世一早二叠世期间,是后碰撞构造背景下幔源岩浆上侵的产物.     

新疆塔里木盆地哈拉奇地区晚石炭世—早二叠世哈拉奇组的建立简

哈拉奇组为新疆阿合奇县开展1∶5万区域地质矿产调查工作时建立的岩石地层单位,分布在新疆阿合奇县哈拉奇地区北部,主要为一套深水碳酸盐沉积,与该区南部属碳酸盐台地沉积的康克林组在岩性、岩石组合及古生物组合上形成明显的差别。通过对该组重力流成因的生物屑砾屑灰岩中古生物化石的研究,确定其 带为Triticites带和Pseudoschwagerina带,进而确定该组地质时代为晚石炭世—早二叠世,与南区康克林组为同时异相沉积。哈拉奇组的建立完善了该地区上石炭统—下二叠统的地层系统,确定了该地区晚石炭世—早二叠世台地边缘斜坡相的存在,对塔西北地区晚石炭世—早二叠世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义。     

新疆塔里木盆地哈拉奇地区晚石炭世—早二叠世哈拉奇组的建立

哈拉奇组为新疆阿合奇县开展1∶5万区域地质矿产调查工作时建立的岩石地层单位,分布在新疆阿合奇县哈拉奇地区北部,主要为一套深水碳酸盐沉积,与该区南部属碳酸盐台地沉积的康克林组在岩性、岩石组合及古生物组合上形成明显的差别。通过对该组重力流成因的生物屑砾屑灰岩中古生物化石的研究,确定其带为Triticites带和Pseudoschwagerina带,进而确定该组地质时代为晚石炭世—早二叠世,与南区康克林组为同时异相沉积。哈拉奇组的建立完善了该地区上石炭统—下二叠统的地层系统,确定了该地区晚石炭世—早二叠世台地边缘斜坡相的存在,对塔西北地区晚石炭世—早二叠世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义。     

广西凭祥地区早二叠世的岩浆弧及其构造意义

广西凭祥地区有3种不同建造背景的二叠-三叠系，深水相的下二叠统呈一飞来峰推覆在台地型的石炭纪-早三叠世沉积和早-中三叠世浊积岩上，与前者共生的基性-超基性岩是古特提斯岩浆弧的记录，当时的被动大陆边缘在百色阳圩-田林八渡，说明洋壳向南西消减，早二叠世弧的原形成位置可能在越南境内，早-中三叠世的弧则已向北东迁移，在中越交界区形成图尔基式造山带。     

青海玉龙滩地区托赖岩群中—早二叠世基性岩墙的发现及地质意义

在玉龙滩地区古元古代托赖岩群变质岩中发现了一套基性岩脉侵入体,岩石类型主要为辉长岩、辉绿岩,侵入于托赖岩群片麻岩、片岩,岩脉长轴走向大多以北西向为主,个别近南北向或北东向,露头规模一般长10~35m,宽5~10m。通过同位素测年分析辉绿岩脉地质时代为早二叠世,结合对地质特征、岩石学特征、岩石化学、地球化学特征的研究,认为其属于拉斑玄武系列,形成于伸展性构造环境。结合本区区域地质分析,该岩脉可能为祁连山造山带加里东期造山运动结束之后,由于陆壳加厚而发生伸展崩塌,造成幔源基性岩浆底侵,形成了该类相当于基性岩墙的产物。反映北祁连地区在早二叠世有一期陆壳加厚伸展背景下的基性岩浆底侵事件。     

新疆塔里木盆地哈拉奇地区晚石炭世一早二叠世哈拉奇组的建立

哈拉奇组为新疆阿合奇县开展1：5万区域地质矿产调查工作时建立的岩石地层单位,分布在新疆阿合奇县哈拉奇地区北部,主要为一套深水碳酸盐沉积,与该区南部属碳酸盐台地沉积的康克林组在岩性、岩石组合及古生物组合上形成明显的差别。通过对该组重力流成因的生物屑砾屑灰岩中古生物化石的研究,确定其筵带为Triticites带和Pseudoschwagerina带,进而确定该组地质时代为晚石炭世-早二叠世,与南区康克林组为同时异相沉积。哈拉奇组的建立完善了该地区上石炭统一下二叠统的地层系统,确定了该地区晚石炭世-早二叠世台地边缘斜坡相的存在,对塔西北地区晚石炭世-早二叠世岩相古地理研究具有重要意义。     

东昆仑二叠系格曲组火山岩年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

东昆仑古特提斯造山带经历了从洋壳俯冲到陆-陆碰撞及后碰撞伸展的造山过程,但对古特提斯洋闭合时间一直存在争议,争论的焦点集中在晚二叠世格曲组沉积盆地原型及中上二叠统之间不整合关系代表的构造事件。本文对东昆仑红石山地区格曲组火山岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学研究,结果表明,岩石富集Rb、Th、Ba等大离子亲石元素(LILE)而亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素(HFSE),具有大陆岩浆弧的地球化学特征。火山岩具有高Ba/Th比值(53.6)、Th/Ce比值(0.23)、Nb/Ta比值(18.35)及低Dy/Yb比值(1.42),表明晚二叠世火山岩由枕状玄武岩和洋底沉积物等洋壳物质俯冲至60 km左右深度时熔融所形成。锆石U-Pb定年表明,格曲组下部碎屑岩段流纹质凝灰岩和英安质沉凝灰岩206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(257.5±2.5)Ma和(256.2±4.8)Ma,上部灰岩段粗安质晶屑凝灰岩206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(251.8±2.3) Ma。结合区域上已报道的格曲组及花岗岩研究成果,认为古特提斯洋在晚二叠世开始向北俯冲消减,沉积于弧前盆地的格曲组为古特提斯...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)