Pleistocene Ross seal (ommatophoca Rossi) from New Zealand (note)

A fossil seal jaw from the Early Pleistocene (Wanganui Series; Hautawan Stage) of Napier, New Zealand, is identified as that of an Ommatophoca rossi juvenile of less than 1.8 m body length.     

Arnoglossus boops (hector): A synonym of a. scapha (schneider) (pisces: Heterosomata: Bothidae)

The unique holotype of Arnoglossus boops Hector is compared with specimens of Arnoglossus scapha (Schneider). It is concluded that the two species are identical, and that A. boops is therefore a junior synonym of A. scapha.     

The Biology of Upogebia pusilla (PETAGNA) (Decapoda, Thalassinidea)

Abstract. Populations of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia pusilla were studied on tidal flats in the Northern Adriatic Sea. Biometric analysis showed a sexual dimorphism, especially in propodus size. Size frequency distributions revealed the presence of large animals during all seasons; recruitment by juveniles occurred in autumn. Moult intervals and moult increments were determined in the laboratory and used to generate growth curves which were compared with those calculated from size frequency distributions. The life span of U, pusilla is over 5 years. Ovigerous females occurred between March and September. Egg numbers were high in spring, lower in summer and increased with body size. The incubation time of embryos was 35 days; a female produces an estimated number of three egg batches during the breeding season. A total annual production of 994 kJ was estimated for a theoretical population of 100 animals; 13.5 % is spent for somatic growth, 31 % for egg production of females, and 55.2% is lost as exuviae. The population structures, growth and breeding patterns, as well as embryonic and larval development within the Upogebiidae and Callianassidae are discussed.     

The Biology of Upogebia pusilla (PETAGNA) (Decapoda, Thalassinidea)

Abstract. The distribution of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia pusilla was studied at four sites in the North Adriatic Sea: 1) a tidal flat in the lagoon of Grado, 2) a tidal flat at Lido di Staranzano near the mouth of the Isonzo, 3) a mud flat seawards of a salt marsh in a protected bay north of Rovinj, and 4) a sublittoral station in 6m depth near Aurisina. Information on grain size distribution, organic content, amount of debris, redox profiles and pH of sediment as well as temperature and salinity is given. Density, as determined by hole counts and a hole: burrow relationship derived from resin casting, generally increased with increasing water depth in the intertidal. The upper limits ranged between +10cm (Rovinj) and -20cm (Grado); densities between mean water and low water level varied strongly due to microtopography and macrophyte cover. Maximum densities in the intertidal ranged from 189 (Grado) to 2420 (Rovinj, juveniles) animals m². Shrimp density at the sublittoral station ranged between 80 and 230 m"². The zonation of the Upogebiidae and Callianassidae with respect to environmental parameters is discussed.     

Juvenile form of the New Zealand turbot Colistium nudipinnis (Waite) (Pisces: Heterosomata: Rhombosoleinae) (note)

A juvenile (26 mm) specimen of the New Zealand turbot Colistium nudipinnis (Waite) is figured and described. Differences between the juvenile and adult forms, and characters distinguishing juvenile C. nudipinnis from the young of other New Zealand species of flatfish, are noted.     

南沙群岛多齿鳞虫科—新属,两新种

于１９８７年４－５月在南沙群岛进行综合考察，采集环节动物多毛类样品，经鉴定表明，系多齿鳞虫科１新属，定为新多齿鳞虫属Ｎｅｏｐｏｌｙｏｄｏｎｔｅｓ，模式种为秀丽新多齿鳞虫Ｎｅｏｐｏｌｙｏｄｏｎｔｅｓ ｌｅｐｉｄｕｓ ｇｅｎ．ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，以及新斑鳞虫属Ｎｅｏｐａｎｔｈａｌｉｓ的１新种，命为刺须新斑鳞虫Ｎｅｏｐａｎｔｈａｌｉｓ ｍｕｒｉｃａｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国沿岸水域养殖贝类及其养殖笼网污损苔虫7新种

拟小孔苔虫属Microporella和斑孔苔虫属Fenestrulina均隶于唇口目Cheilostomida有囊亚目Ascophorina皮壳次目 Lepraliomorpha裂孔超科Schizoporelloidea拟小孔苔虫科Microporellidae。这两个属的主要区别在于：拟小孔苔虫属具有鸟头体，而斑孔苔虫属无鸟头体。我们在研究中国沿岸水域养殖贝类及其养殖笼网的污损苔虫时发现，中国一些学者以前所报道的“纤毛拟小孔苔虫”并非 Pallas(1766)所鉴定的种，而是包括不同于纤毛拟小孔苔虫Microporella ciliata Pallas，1766的5个不同的独立种，即本文所描述的拟小孔苔虫属的5个新种：空穴拟小孔苔虫 Microporella vacuatus sp.nov.、小筛网拟小孔苔虫Microporella cribellata sp.nov.、无齿拟小孔苔虫Microporella inermis sp.nov.、异北方拟小孔苔虫 Microporella antiborealis sp.nov.和项链拟小孔苔虫 Microporella monilifera sp.nov.。这5个新种与纤毛拟小孔苔虫的主要区别是:5新种的口刺为2~6根，除无齿拟小孔苔虫的口上卵胞仅具一列边缘孔外，其他4新种卵胞前表面还有分散的穿孔；而纤毛拟小孔苔虫的口刺为6根，口上卵胞细颗粒状，无穿孔。研究中我们还发现前人所定名为“马氏斑孔苔虫”的种并非 Audouin(1826)所描述的种，而是4种不同于马氏斑孔苔虫 Fenestrulina mallusii Audouin，1826的独立种，其中两种不属于污损苔虫的范畴，另外的两种即本文所描述的斑孔苔虫属的两新种，即中华斑孔苔虫Fenestrulina Sinica sp.nov.和东方斑孔苔虫Fenestrulina orientalis sp.nov.。这两个新种与马氏斑孔苔虫的主要区别在于：两新种口刺均为4~6根，受孕个虫有2根裸露的口刺；而马氏斑孔苔虫的口刺为2~3根，受孕个虫无裸露的口刺。     

介甲目甲壳动物的研究——Ⅲ.中国的六种原蚌虫

本文对栖息在我国淡水鱼苗培育池及水稻田中的6种原蚌虫(隶属于甲壳门,鳃足纲,介甲目,蚌壳虫科)进行了分类记述。其中的兖州原蚌虫Eocyzicus yanzhouensis sp.nov.及拟莱阳原蚌虫E.paralaiyangensis sp.nov.系2新种。分别列表比较了新种与其近似种佩里原蚌虫E.perrieri Daday,1914,多刺原蚌虫E.spinfer Durga Prasad et al,1981及莱阳原蚌虫E.laiyangensis Hu,1985的主要形态区别特征。文中附有6种原蚌虫的检索表及形态特征图54幅。本文记述种的名录如次: 1.东方原蚌虫Eocyzicus orientalis Daday,1914; 2.蒙古原蚌虫E.mongolianus Ueno,1927; 3.戴维原蚌虫E.davidi(Simon,1886)Brtek et al,1984; 4.莱阳原蚌虫E.laiyangensis Hu,1985; 5.兖州原蚌虫,(新种)E.yanzhouensis sp.nov.; 6.拟莱阳原蚌虫,(新种)E.paralaiyangensis sp.nov.     

黄东海刺尖锥虫属(多毛纲,锥头虫科)一新种

本文描述了于1959年采自中国黄海和东海锥头虫科刺尖锥虫属一新种——中国刺尖锥虫Leodamas sinensis sp.nov.。本文详细描述了该物种的形态特征及与近似种的区别，并编制了刺尖锥虫属Leodamas Kinberg，1866物种检索表。     

山东省原狭蚌虫属一新种(甲壳纲:介甲目,狭蚌虫科)

描述原狭蚌虫属一新种—桑梓原狭蚌虫Eoleptestheria sangziensis sp.nov.,列表比较新种与近似种东平原狭蚌虫E.dongpingensis Hu,1986的主要区别特征。有24幅形态图,包括10幅电镜照片。模式标本保存于青岛海洋大学水产学院。     

海南岛海水鱼类单殖吸虫研究Ⅳ.海盘虫属两新种

对1996年4月采自海南岛万宁之美蝴蝶鱼 Chaetodon wiebeli Kaup 鳃上的海盘虫进行鉴定,发现两新种:(1)海南海盘虫,新种 Haliotrema hainanensis Pan & Zhang,sp.nov.,以其腹中央大钩和支持器结构的不同而区别于 H.annulocirrus Yamaguti,1968;(2)单孔海盘虫,新种 Haliotrema monoporosum Pan & Zhang,sp.nov.,以其腹联结片的结构和交接管长度的差异而不同于 H.canescens Yamaguti,1968.     

隐妇蚌虫属现生种的分类学研究(甲壳门:介甲目,蚌壳虫科)(英文)

本文以检索表的形式记述了甲壳动物门介甲目蚌壳虫科隐妇蚌虫属的17个现生种。对其中的1个新种石泉隐妇蚌虫Caenestheria shiquanica sp.nov.进行了形态特征描述。列表比较了近似种川候隐妇蚌虫C.Kawamurai(Ueno,1940)Hu,1988与新种的主要形态区别特征。文中附有亚洲产的12种隐妇蚌虫的形态图58幅。     

中国海水鱼类单殖吸虫研究Ⅻ新海盘虫属一新种及海盘虫属一新记录

报道了寄生于豆娘Abudefdufsp .鳃上的新海盘虫属一新种和寄生于驼背鲈Cromileptesaltivelis鳃上的海盘虫属一新记录。双曲片新海盘虫 ,新种Neohaliotremadi curvilamellatum ,sp .nov .与NeohaliotremabychowskiiZhukov ,1 976相似 ,但支持器的形态结构不同和交接管量度上有差异。驼背鲈海盘虫HaliotremacromileptisYoung ,1 968与原始描述相比 ,除交接管稍长外 ,其它量度与形态基本一致。     

双核平腹虫(新种)的研究及平腹虫属的修订

于1991年4,5月在山东潍坊一对虾育苗池中发现一小型盾纤目纤毛虫,经鉴定确定为一新种——双核平腹虫Homalogastra binucleata nov. sp.。借助各银染法及生物统计学方法对其分类及形态学特征作了描述。新种的特点为:体呈倒梨形;胞口位于体后半部;约16列体纤毛,其第n列贯穿尾极后交于背方第8,9列纤毛间;具独特的两个大核。鉴于该属系国内首次报道,同时由于迄今对本属描述所存在的混乱,文中另对平腹虫属的定义、系统地位及与相近种属的关系做了补充和探讨,将其同物异名圆尾虫属(Urocyclon)并入本属并由此建立起两个新组合Homalogastra filificum nov. comb., H. chesapeakensis nov. comb.。     

硅藻细胞壁亚显微结构研究──Ⅱ.针杆藻属、圆蕊藻属、斜斑藻属、槌棒藻属、脆杆藻属和拟十字藻属

本文用光镜(LM)、透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)观察了在光镜下难以分辨的主要采自海南省西沙群岛的硅藻共6属13种,其中有4个新种,3个新记录种和1个新记录属(以*号为记),它们是:Synedracy clophoroides sp.nov.,* Cyclophera tenuis,Plagiogramma parva sp.nov.,Plagiogramma pandurata sp.nov.,P.atomus,P.reimeri,Opephora elliptica sp.nov.,O.martyi,O.olsenii,O. sp.*Fragilaria brevistriata var,elliptlca,*F.construens和Pseudostaurosira brevistriata.     

Rectification of nomenclature for Melagraphia aethiops (Gmelin) and Diloma bicanaliculata (Dunker) (Mollusca: Trochidae)

Alterations to nomenclature for two common intertidal New Zealand ‘top shells’ necessitated by re‐examination of type material have been confused by ambiguities in the way the alterations were first presented. We draw attention to recent misinterpretations and clarify the nomenclature. Condensed synonymies that indicate names used for each species during the interregnum are given, allowing papers dealing with these trochids to be read without uncertainty as to which species were really meant by the authors.     

Leathery turtle (reptilia: Chelonia) in Foveaux Strait (note)

Further records of the leathery turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Linnaeus), augment earlier records and perhaps indicate that this species may be a regular visitor.     

Chromium(VI) reduction by sulphur(IV) in aqueous solutions

The rates of the reduction of Cr(VI) with S(IV) were measured in deaerated NaCl solution as a function of pH, temperature and ionic strength. The rates of the reaction were found to be first order with respect to Cr(VI) and second order with respect to S(IV), in agreement with previous results obtained at concentrations two order higher than the present study. The reaction also showed a first-order dependence of the rates on the concentration of the proton and a small influence of temperature with an apparent energy of activation ΔH_app of 22.8 ± 3.4 kJ/mol. The rates were independent of ionic strength from 0.01 to 1 M. The rate of Cr(VI) reduction is described by the general expression

−d[Cr(VI)]/dt=k[Cr(VI)][S(IV)]²