湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系钒镍钼矿微量元素地球化学

湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系是中国南方下寒武统黑色岩系的重要组成部分,富含钒镍钼等多金属元素。文中对湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系钒镍钼矿进行了微量元素研究,研究区内Ni、Cd、Mo、Sb、V、Zn、W、Ba等元素特别富集,高含量的Sb和Ba表明其为热水沉积;Mo含量极高说明其为缺氧的还原环境;高的V/（V+Ni）、V/Cr、Ni/Co以及δU值表明其沉积环境为缺氧环境;高的 U/Th表明本区有热水沉积作用;稀土元素配分模式、Ce和Eu异常及La/Yb Ce/La和La/Yb ΣREE图解投点表明其沉积环境为还原环境,并有热水沉积作用。可见黑色岩系形成于缺氧环境,热液活动为其提供了丰富的热液来源。     

渝东南下寒武统黑色岩系稀土元素地球化学特征与沉积环境

渝东南及周边地区下寒武统黑色岩系稀土总量略低于北美页岩,∑LREE/∑HREE值为1.99～9.01,平均6.86,轻稀土相对富集;δEu值为0.69～7.33,平均2.79;δCe值为0.70～1.01,平均0.85。区内下寒武统黑色岩系为正常海水与热水沉积作用的混合产物,形成于缺氧还原环境逐渐向弱氧化环境过渡的外陆架。     

湘西下寒武统牛蹄塘组地球化学特征及其对沉积-构造环境的响应

为深入探讨湘西地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色岩系沉积-构造环境,对三岔剖面黑色岩系进行了详细采样测试,并重点分析了主量、微量及稀土元素地球化学特征。研究结果表明,牛蹄塘组黑色岩系不仅有机碳含量高,而且相比于北美页岩更富集V、Ni、Cr等微量元素。δ~(13)C_(org)及微量元素判别指标V/(V+Ni)、V/Cr、Ni/Co、δU、Ce/La、Ce_(anom)等特征的变化均反映牛蹄塘组沉积期水体属缺氧还原的浅水环境,且Mo/TOC与U_(EF)-Mo_(EF)协同模式表明沉积区当时为一局限海盆环境。稀土元素(REE)中轻稀土相对重稀土富集,且北美页岩标准化分布模式呈近水平略微左倾状,结合元素比值特征和La/YbCe/Yb、La/Yb-ΣREE图解,牛蹄塘组黑色岩系的母岩以长英质岩石为主,但沉积过程也受到海底热液作用影响。同时,根据δCe、δEu的特征与K_2O/Na_2O-SiO_2图解,认为沉积区在早寒武世为被动大陆边缘构造背景。     

安徽石台早寒武世黑色岩系稀土元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

安徽石台地区发育早寒武世黑色岩系,岩石地层单元为下寒武统荷塘组和黄柏岭组.稀土元素地球化学研究表明,黑色岩系稀土总量不富集,轻稀土较重稀土富集;δEu=0.81～2.32,平均1.1;δCe=0.52～0.97,平均0.77.剖面自下而上δCe值和δEu值规律变化,δCe值由大渐小再增大,但总体逐渐增大,δEu值总体变化则与之相反.稀土元素地球化学特征反映该区早寒武世曾发生过一次明显的海侵-海退过程,黑色岩系为正常海水与热水混合沉积的产物,形成于缺氧还原状态过渡到半还原-弱氧化状态的过程中,沉积环境为干燥气候条件下相对较深的浅海斜坡环境.     

北秦岭庙湾组黑色岩系稀土元素地球化学特征及成因意义

笔者采用等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)方法对北秦岭大荆区奥陶纪—志留纪庙湾组黑色岩系岩石的稀土元素及V、Ni、Cr、U、Th等微量元素含量进行了测定。结果显示岩石轻稀土元素相对重稀土元素富集, Eu异常值δEu为0.63~10.61(绝多数大于1.54)多呈正异常, Ce异常值δCe为0.65~1.02(平均为0.893) 异常微弱且有正负差异; U/Th值为0.38~4.07, w (V)/w (V +Ni)值为0.38~0.93以及w (Ce)/w (La)值为1.27~2.17。将这些特征值与前人研究成果对比, 并利用La/Yb-Ce/La和La/Yb-REE判别图解判别后, 认为北秦岭区庙湾组黑色岩系形成于活动陆缘一种干燥缺氧较深浅海环境, 黑色岩系形成过程中有热液作用参与。     

重庆秀山小茶园大塘坡组含锰岩系地球化学特征及地质意义

本文根据矿石特征和岩石地球化学特征分析了重庆秀山小茶园一带锰矿床含锰岩系的物质来源、沉积环境和成因。该含锰岩系赋存于南华系大塘坡组一段。元素地球化学特征表明,主成矿元素Mn与Al_2O_3、SiO_2呈明显负相关,与MgO、CaO呈明显正相关,Ag、As、Sb平均含量明显偏高,显示研究区含锰岩系为热水沉积成因;Co/Zn-(Co+Ni+Cu)图解、(Co+Ni+Mn)×10-Fe-Mn图解和Y×P_2O_5图解均显示该含锰岩系具有热水沉积的特征;HREE亏损,LREE富集,且Eu负异常的特征,以及δCe值,暗示该区锰矿形成于被动大陆边缘区;V/Cr和V/(V+Ni)值指示含锰岩系形成于厌氧和缺氧环境。     

黔南地区早石炭世黑色岩系稀土元素地球化学特征及沉积-构造环境分析

为了深入探讨黔南地区早石炭世黑色岩系沉积-构造环境,笔者对页岩气钻孔CY1井打屋坝组黑色岩系进行了详细采样测试,并重点分析了页岩稀土元素地球化学特征。分析结果表明,该区早石炭世页岩稀土元素总量(ΣREE)为(213.08~308.1)×10-6,平均值为251.43×10-6,大于北美页岩的平均值(173.21×10-6);w(ΣLREE)/w(ΣHREE)及w(Ce)N/w(Yb)N等地球化学参数表明,轻、重稀土元素分异明显;REE分布模式呈平坦状,表现出轻稀土富集、重稀土元素亏损;δEu值为0.53~0.671,显示中等程度的负Eu异常,Ce异常表现不明显。根据δCe和Ce异常值的变化,反映研究区早石炭世为缺氧还原环境。根据稀土元素组合特征、δEu值的变化及w(La)N/w(Yb)N-ΣREE的图解特征,结合区域地质背景,认为黔南地区打屋坝组黑色页岩的物源来自黔中隆起和雪峰山隆起,母岩为沉积岩和花岗岩的混合,沉积区构造环境为被动大陆边缘构造背景。     

白竹峪铀多金属磷块岩矿床地球化学特征

湘西北下寒武统铀多金属磷块岩由于富含多种矿产元素,受到国内外地质学者的越来越多的关注,但成因认识仍然众说纷纭。文章在对湘西北黑色岩系非常规铀资源开展地质和放射性调查的基础上,选取下寒武统牛蹄塘组铀多金属磷块岩露头较好的白竹峪矿床开展地质调查、岩石地球化学测量、系统的采样和分析测试,结果表明铀多金属磷块岩主量元素与上地壳所含的对应元素相比,只有CaO和P₂O₅富集,富集系数分别为9和204。此外,铀多金属磷块岩微量元素U(平均含量为1 350×10^-6)、Ni(平均含量为6 822×10^-6)和Mo(平均含量为2 104×10^-6)均达到相应矿床的工业品位,且Re、Tl和V达到铀矿床综合利用指标。上震旦统灯影组白云岩、下寒武统牛蹄塘组铀多金属磷块岩和黑色碳质泥质页岩及板岩的δU、V/Cr、Ni/Co和δCe值均指示这3种地层形成于缺氧沉积环境,铀多金属磷块岩北美页岩配分曲线显示热水沉积特征,δEu大于1,结合主量元素和微量元素R型聚类分析结果推测铀多金属磷块岩在正常海相沉积的基础...     

黔中蔡家坝铝土矿床微量元素特征及地质意义

贵州清镇蔡家坝铝土矿床赋矿层位为下石炭统九架炉组（C₁jj）,下伏地层中-上寒武统清虚洞组(∈_2-3q)。本研究以九架炉组含铝岩系与顶底板为主要研究对象,通过对Be、Th、U、Sr、Ba、V、Ni、Cr、Zr等沉积环境指示性较强的微量元素以及稀土元素测试分析,结合Th/U、Ni/Cr、Sr/Ba等二元图解和稀土元素标准化图解综合研究,探讨研究区铝土矿床的物质来源、成矿环境及稀土分异控制因素。研究结果表明：1)研究区铝土矿床形成于以陆相沉积为主,海陆交互的还原环境,成矿作用为风化—沉积成因,有异地沉积等成矿物质多源特征,下伏中-上寒武统清虚洞组为矿区物源之一;2)研究区含铝岩系ΣREE值最高831.63×10^-6,ΣLREE/ΣHREE比值为4.68～13.77,表现为轻稀土富集型;3) pH值、粘土矿物以及Fe矿物可能共同主导了蔡家坝含铝岩系中REE的富集以及LREE和HREE的分异。     

湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系地球化学特征

对湘西北下寒武统黑色岩系进行了系统的地球化学研究,结果表明:SiO2的含量范围为10.54%～87.10%,平均为51.15%。稀土总量范围较大,为92.70～737.84μg/g,平均为312.73μg/g,LREE相对富集,HREE亏损。Ce呈弱至中等负异常,Eu大部分呈弱的正异常。稀土元素标准化曲线呈弱的帽状形态,较为平缓。微量元素Ni、Mo、Ba、V含量高,主要含矿岩石为磷块岩,而不是炭质页岩。成矿作用以热水作用为主,成矿环境不局限于浅海环境。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of