藤壶胶组分的分离制备

研究ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２５，Ｇ－５０，Ｇ－１００，Ｇ－２００和Ｇ－２００（超细）等型号的葡聚糖凝胶系统，对溶解在１．０％，ＳＤＳ－２Ｍｅ水溶液中的网纹藤壶Ｂａｌａｎｕｓｒｅｔｉｃｕｌａｔｕｓ固态胶蛋白组分的分离制备效果，结果表明，ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００和Ｇ－２００（超细）两种葡聚糖凝胶层析柱（直径１．７ｃｍ，长３０ｃｍ）用０．０５ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ－１％ＳＤＳ－２Ｍｅ溶液洗脱时     

虾头透明质酸酶的研究

以中国对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ虾头经处理，得到虾头透明质酸酶酶液，再经沉淀、硫酸铵反抽提、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素提取和Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ－７５凝胶层析。纯化倍数达７２０倍，比活８４０ｕ．ｍｇ＾－１蛋白。该酶最适ＰＨ为４．５，最适温度为５０℃。     

螺旋藻多糖对CD3AK细胞增殖能力的影响

研究了螺旋藻多糖（ＰＳ）对ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ激活的杀伤细胞（ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ Ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｋｉｌｌｅｒ Ｃｅｌｌｓ,ＣＤ３ＡＫ Ｃｅｌｌｓ）增殖能力的影响。结果表明,当ＰＳ浓度为２．５μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１培养体系条件下,对ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞具有明显的刺激细胞增殖作用（Ｐ〈０．０２）;对培养长达２３ｄ的ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞杀伤肿瘤细胞（Ｋ５６２细胞）的活性仍维持在较高的水平（４６．５％￣５０％）。提示ＰＳ对辐射     

庙岛群岛海域光棘球海胆生态的初步研究

庙岛群岛的光棘球海胆主要分布于北四岛（南、北隍城岛,大、小钦岛）,砣矶岛及大、小竹山岛等,而南五岛极少分布。砣矶岛的海胆多是２～３年生壳径４～６ｃｍ的个体,海胆性腺成熟期为７月中旬至８月中旬,性腺发育与水温、栖息场和饵料等有关。海胆体重随季节而变化,繁殖季节体重Ｗ（ｇ）与壳径Ｄ（ｃｍ）相关,Ｗ＝２．５８２Ｄ２．０３４（ｒ＝０．８７）,性腺重ＧＷ（ｇ）与壳径Ｄ（ｃｍ）关系为ＧＷ＝０．０４０３Ｄ３．０８２８（ｒ＝０．８２７３）,壳径Ｄ（ｃｍ）与壳高Ｈ（ｃｍ）呈线性关系Ｈ＝０．５２２５Ｄ＋０．０６６８（ｒ＝０．９０７８）。壳径生长随年龄而变慢,２．８ｃｍ的幼海胆年增长２．１ｃｍ;６．１ｃｍ的成海胆年增长０．４３ｃｍ。光棘球海胆嗜食海带和裙带菜,平均日摄食量６．０ｃｍ的海胆为２．６ｇ,４．０ｃｍ的为１．３４ｇ,３．１ｃｍ的为１．３ｇ,幼海胆摄食率较高的原因是因其生长发育快速,活动强度和代谢水平高。     

虾头透明质酸酶的研究

以中国对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ虾头经处理，得到虾头透明质酸酶酶液，再经沉淀、硫酸铵反抽提、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素提取和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－７５凝胶层析。纯化倍数达７２０倍，比活８４０ｕ·ｍｇ－１蛋白。该酶最适ｐＨ为４．５，最适温度为５０℃。     

石油地质海洋地质档案资料管理系统“OMGRDMS”将推广应用

石油地质海洋地质档案资料管理系统“ＯＭＧＲＤＭＳ”将推广应用由地矿部石油地质海洋地质资料馆研制的“地质档案资料管理系统”（Ｏｉｌ＆Ｍａ－ｒｉｎｅＧｅｏｌｏｇｙＲｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓＤａｔａＭａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔＳｙｓｔｅｍ）以下简称“ＯＭＧＲＤＭＳ”将推广...     

珠江口红拟石首鱼的池养生长与饲养

对新引进的红拟石首鱼Ｓｃｉａｅｎｏｐｓ ｏｃｅｌｌａｔｕｓ进行咸水池养生长特性与饲养技术研究,结果表明,其生长旺盛期在２龄。应用ｖｏｎ Ｂｅｒｔａｌａｎｆｆｙ方程求得人工饲养条件下其体长、体重生长方程分别为Ｌ１＝６５６．２７２２〗１－ｅ＾－０．５９９８ｔ＋０．０８２３）【和Ｗｔ＝４１９３．９０２１〖１－ｅ＾－０．５９９８（ｔ＋０．０８２３）〗＾２．８８３４。体重生长拐点于１．７龄处。面积为６．５ｈ     

红假单胞菌的分离鉴定与生长特性

由青岛沿岸潮间带表层沉积物分离出４株光合细菌，经鉴定属于荚膜红假单胞菌（Ｐｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｃａｐｓｕｌａｔａ）（菌株ＨＤ３、ＲＳ、ＭＤ２）和球形红假单胞菌（Ｒｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｐｈｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ）（菌株ＰＳ２－２）。光照厌氧培养生长实验表明ＨＤ３的最适盐度为Ｓ＝１５～２５，ＰＳ２－２为一淡水菌株。菌株ＨＤ３的最适ＰＨ范围为６．３５～８．３。ＨＤ３、ＲＳ均不能利用硫化物且其生长受较高浓度的硫化物抑制。     

紫菜胶与紫菜琼胶

研究了坛紫菜所含多糖的年率、性质和组成。用水直接提取的多糖产率为５．４５～６．８９％，无凝固性，含ＳＯ４１２．７３～１４．０８％，含３，６－ＡＧ９．９８～１２．１２％。经碱处理后提取的多糖产率为４．９～９．５％，最高的达１９．１％，它能形成很好的凝胶，其凝胶强度达７５０～１１００ｇ／ｃｍ＾２，含ＳＯ４０．２０～０．７５％，含３，６－ＡＧ４０．２８～４３．０４％，它的红外光谱和＾１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ波谱与     

南麂列岛海域微小型底栖藻类生态研究

本文首次报道南麂列岛海域沉积物中的微型（２～２０μｍ）、小型（２０～２００μｍ）藻类组成、数量分布及其与环境因子的关系。经初步鉴定，沉积物中共有微小型藻类２４属７１种，其中小型的底栖圆筛藻属Ｃｏｓｃｉｎｏｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｐｐ．为２１种，广布于整个海区，春季平均细胞密度为（１０．４±３．６）×１０３个／ｃｍ２，占总密度的６５．４％；微型藻以中肋骨条藻Ｓｋｅｌｅｔｏｎｅｍａｃｏｓｔａｔｕｍ占优势，秋季平均细胞密度为（４２６２．８±１１９２８．２）×１０３个／ｃｍ２，占总细胞密度的９８．９％，主要分布在沿岸区。对０～１２ｃｍ柱状样品中细胞密度分层分析结果表明，０～２ｃｍ层的细胞密度大于２～５ｃｍ层大于５～１２ｃｍ层。沿岸区（１，２，５，６，７，８，９站）的种类和细胞密度高于岙口（３站）、远岸（１０站）及水道区（４站）。根据微小型底栖藻类组成特点，可划分为三个生态类群：广布性类群、暖水性类群和温带性类群。微小型底栖藻类密度与营养盐浓度的季节变化密切相关，秋季高于春季。     

Assessing the Validity of Seismo-Acoustic Predictor Equations for Obtaining Seabed and Sub-Surface Sediment Physical Properties

The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths.     

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中桩周土强度弱化研究

海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。     

Interannual Sea Level Variations and Annual Tides in the Northwestern Pacific

Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone.     

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Coastal Lagoon Bacterioplankton and Picophytoplankton: Fixation and Storage Effects

The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics.     

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS

<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology,     

Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans

A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level.     

Estimation of Sediment Properties during Benthic Impact Experiments

Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges.